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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Management of the hearing-impaired adults in Singapore.

A preliminary study to investigate that the pure-tone air-conduction hearing threshold level which is not an accurate index of amplification need profile applies to the hearing-impaired population in Singapore. Results obtained from a sample of twenty users of monaural amplification indicate that the hearing-impaired patients showed a significant reduction in communication difficulties with their hearing aids and are overall satisfied with their monaural amplification despite certain problems with background noise, regardless of the severity of their hearing losses.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Key word signing: perceived and acoustic differences between signed and spoken narratives.

Key-word-sign (KWS) and speech-only programs differ in the results they achieve with nonspeaking individuals. This difference might be traced to suprasegmental aspects of speech. In an earlier study, Windsor and Fristoe (1989) showed that untrained listeners could distinguish speech produced using KWS from speech only. In the present study, acoustic measures as well as listener judgments of KWS and spoken-only (S-O) narratives were obtained. Compared to S-O narratives, KWS narratives were produced with a slower articulation rate, due to increased pause and speech segment duration and increased pause number. Within-sentence pauses in KWS narratives tended to occur immediately after a signed word.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Speech perception using combinations of auditory, visual, and tactile information.

Four normally-hearing subjects were trained and tested with all combinations of a highly-degraded auditory input, a visual input via lipreading, and a tactile input using a multichannel electrotactile speech processor. The speech perception of the subjects was assessed with closed sets of vowels, consonants, and multisyllabic words; with open sets of words and sentences, and with speech tracking. When the visual input was added to any combination of other inputs, a significant improvement occurred for every test. Similarly, the auditory input produced a significant improvement for all tests except closed-set vowel recognition. The tactile input produced scores that were significantly greater than chance in isolation, but combined less effectively with the other modalities. The addition of the tactile input did produce significant improvements for vowel recognition in the auditory-tactile condition, for consonant recognition in the auditory-tactile and visual-tactile conditions, and in open-set word recognition in the visual-tactile condition. Information transmission analysis of the features of vowels and consonants indicated that the information from auditory and visual inputs were integrated much more effectively than information from the tactile input. The less effective combination might be due to lack of training with the tactile input, or to more fundamental limitations in the processing of multimodal stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hearing-impaired patients in the medical setting.

Physicians may encounter unique problems in providing medical services to patients with severe hearing impairments, and they may not be aware of the legal rights of these patients to specific services under section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Most physicians have relatively little contact with the hearing impaired and thus are unprepared for the unique challenges presented by this population. The authors present basic information needed by physicians and their staffs to appropriately serve the hearing impaired.

Communication Devices for People with Disabilities↗
PubMed1987

Deaf children's referential messages to mother.

Deaf children 6-10 years of age, from oral or bimodal educational programs, were tested in 2 tasks. In the first, they were required to describe a designated picture from a set of 4 pictures so that their mother could identify the intended referent from the 4 alternatives. In the second, they studied a single picture and were subsequently required to identify it from a set of 4 related pictures. Despite greater hearing loss, bimodally educated children provided more differentiated messages than did orally educated children. Bimodally educated children also provided better reformulations of messages that were initially inadequate. Although mothers of orally educated children received inferior messages, they were as successful at selecting the correct referent as were mothers of bimodally educated children. Both groups of deaf children performed at near perfect levels on the picture recognition task, suggesting that performance differences were attributable to differential message formulation skill as opposed to differential visual processing of the referential array.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Communication augmentation systems: quantification in natural settings.

Although observation in clinical settings of communication augmentation system use by severely physically handicapped nonspeaking persons is important, monitoring of such use in natural settings can yield valuable information about the system, communication frequency, and unique communication needs of the individual. This study was designed to evaluate the use of communication partners as data recorders. For nonspeaking, severely physically handicapped subjects were observed in the home, school or treatment settings by a trained observer and a minimally trained communication partner. Issues of partner training and length of time required to obtain a representative sample of communication arose as a result of this study. More work in the areas of automated data collection systems or use of communication partners as data collectors is required before claiming that accurate communication interactions can be recorded in natural settings.

Adolescent↗