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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The ophthalmologist's role in Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia Trachomatis (C.T.) most commonly causes cervicitis in women, often without overt symptoms; when untreated, it produces a clinically inapparent but persistent mild infection or an evident salpingitis. Either processes may lead to scarring of the falloppian tubes and fertility problems. A group of 30 women 20-35 years aged has undergone an ophthalmological routine examination; 7 of them presented a chronical follicular conjunctivitis and history of yellow-white cervical discharge, while the remaining 23 had a mild chronical follicular conjunctivitis but not genital symptoms. Each patient has undergone an immunofluorescent test with monoclonal antibody specific for C.T. on the samples collected by genital and conjunctival scraping and cytological evaluation of the above samples with Giemsa staining. 6 out of 7 patients with genital discharge were positive for C.T., one of which even for eye samples too; all eyes samples showed lymphomonocytes and neutrofilic cells in their eye samples. An additional 3 cases negative for C.T. showed this kind of cells in the eye scraping. The preliminary results of this study on mild follicular chronical conjunctivitis suggest that the Ophthalmologist could play an important role in order to make an early diagnosis in genital and eye infection by Chlamydial Trachomatis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intra-amniotic Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most prevalent genital pathogens in pregnant women. Ascending, transcervical infection may reach fetal membranes creating chorioamnionitis or amniotic fluid infection. The aim of this study was to examine amniotic fluids obtained during cesarean section for the presence of chlamydial IgM- and IgG-specific antibodies, and for the presence of C. trachomatis antigen. Five of 52 (9.6%) amniotic fluid samples were seropositive. Two of 52 (3.8%) amniotic fluid samples had C. trachomatis antigen in the epithelial cells of the amnion. In conclusion, our data indicate that there is a high rate of transmission of C. trachomatis from mother to infant and that the pathogen can be identified in the amniotic fluid.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urogenital chlamydia infection: treatment with wilprafen].

Antibiotic wilprafen (josamycin) was given in a dose 500 mg per os two times a day for 15 days to 30 male patients with a long history of chronic Chlamydia trachomatis infection (CTI) treated ineffectively. The control examination has not detected Chlamydia in 29 (96.5%) patients. The results demonstrate high efficacy of the drug wilprafen in the treatment of patients with urogenital CTI.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Therapeutic abortion and Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the cervix of 30 of 218 (13.8%) women admitted for legal termination of pregnancy. During the first two weeks after the abortion seven of the 30 (23.3%) patients developed pelvic inflammatory disease. Four of these had serological evidence of recent active chlamydial infection. Thus, routine examination of patients for genital chlamydial infection before termination of pregnancy is recommended.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human immune response and Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a prevalent pathogen in human populations in both developing and developed areas of the globe. Disease burden is heavy, since both acute and chronic complications can arise from infection. Emerging knowledge of the immune response to infection suggests that many of the complications of chlamydial infection are accompanied by important alterations in immunoregulation; new information suggests that both antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune effectors may be significant in eliminating or limiting chlamydial infection. Further studies of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of host defense and the ways in which C. trachomatis escapes these defenses are needed. Elucidation of the immune response may provide the information necessary to redevelop a vaccine approach to disease control.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1996

[Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and ELISA in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection].

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most frequent cause of sexually transmitted disease in the western world. However, only a few cases have been reported from Israel. Because of the frequent absence of symptoms, its high prevalence, rapid spread, and the seriousness of complications, the quality of the diagnostic test for this microorganism is very important. Cell culture has always been regarded as the "gold standard" in diagnosis. However, factors such as collection, transport time and storage can negatively influence the sensitivity of culturing. We evaluated a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (Amplicor CT, Roche Molecular Systems) for the detection of CT. CT-PCR was compared with a non-culture method (ELISA) in cervical, urethral and first-void urine specimens in 30 patients attending our sexually transmitted disease clinic. There were 16 males and 14 females; in 16 of them (53%) CT-PCR was positive. However, in only 6 of the latter (38%) was CT-ELISA also positive. 7 urine specimens from males with non-specific urethritis had a positive CT-PCR and a negative CT-ELISA. There were discrepancies between ELISA and the PCR test in 10 (3 females) of the 30. We confirm other studies indicating the PCR to be a highly sensitive assay for detecting CT infection from urogenital specimens. CT-PCR from first-void urine provides a noninvasive technique for routine screening of CT infection in both symptomatic and asymptomatic males and females.

Chlamydia Infections↗
PubMed2005

Mucosal immunization with recombinant MOMP genetically linked with modified cholera toxin confers protection against Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a major human health pathogen due to its role in sexually transmitted diseases. Thus, there is a need to develop an effective vaccine at the mucosal surface against this pathogen. In an effort to develop a mucosal vaccine, a modified cholera toxin gene was genetically linked to the C. trachomatis MoPn NiggII MOMP gene to generate a recombinant protein with the mucosal adjuvant properties of the cholera toxin and immunological antigenicity of the chlamydial protein. The recombinant fusion protein (rMOMP) was expressed in E. coli, purified and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, immunoblot, and GM1-ELISA, and subsequently used to immunize BALB/c mice via intranasal (i.n.) and intravaginal (vag.) routes. The rMOMP protein administered via the i.n. route induced a higher concentration of anti-MOMP specific antibodies in both serum and vaginal washes as compared to mice immunized with Chlamydia or PBS. Antibody isotype analysis revealed that i.n. administration of rMOMP to mice induced higher concentrations of serum and vaginal wash IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies. Vaginal washes from all immunized mice following a chlamydial challenge infection were analyzed by indirect immunoflourescence to study the level of protection provided by various immunogens. Maximum protection against C. trachomatis as assessed by reduction in C. trachomatis inclusion forming units (IFU) was provided by i.n. immunization of mice with rMOMP. This is a first report using genetic fusion of cholera toxin and MOMP genes and provides a novel approach for the design and development of a mucosal vaccine against Chlamydia.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1996

Oral immunization with an anti-idiotypic antibody to the exoglycolipid antigen protects against experimental Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause worldwide of preventable infectious blindness (trachoma) and sexually transmitted disease, including nongonoccocal urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. To date, no effective vaccine against C. trachomatis infection has been identified. A monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-Id) to the chlamydial exoglycolipid antigen (GLXA) was tested in a murine model of ocular chlamydial infection for its ability to induce systemic immunity, which reduces microbiologic and clinical disease. The anti-Id to GLXA, delivered either systemically in soluble form or orally after encapsulation in poly(lactide) microspheres, induced significant protective immunity against ocular challenge of mice with a human biovar of C. trachomatis. Protection was associated with induction of anti-GLXA antibody and anti-chlamydial neutralizing antibody.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Chlamydia psittaci infection in sheep: a paradigm for human reproductive tract infection.

Chlamydiae are important reproductive tract pathogens in a wide variety of animals. In humans, chronic or repeated infection of the female genital tract with Chlamydia trachomatis has been identified as a significant factor in the development of occlusive infertility or increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. The spectrum of reproductive disease recognized in sheep to be caused by Chlamydia psittaci has been primarily restricted to pregnant animals because the organism was clearly identified as a major cause of infectious abortion. However, following pregnancy failure, a chronic chlamydial infection can become established in the reproductive tracts of experimentally infected ewes. Persistent infection of the ewe's reproductive tract may eventually result in pathology, similar to that observed in women infected with C. trachomatis, thus decreasing the breeding life of affected ewes. Furthermore, ewes that experienced C. psittaci induced abortion provide a unique opportunity to study the host: parasite dynamic as it relates to persistent infection. This natural model of persistent infection may, in some ways, be superior to more contrived models in which the chlamydial isolate is not a normal reproductive pathogen of the study animal. Thus, the study of persistent chlamydial infection in sheep may be used for the benefit of both human and veterinary medicine.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1998

Glycogen assay for diagnosis of female genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis can synthesize glycogen at various stages in its developmental cycle. The glycogen content of female genital epithelial cells was detected by anthrone, and the results were compared with those from PCR. A total of 320 cervical samples were examined. Of 92 specimens that were positive by PCR, 78 were positive and 14 were negative by the glycogen assay. Of 228 specimens that were negative by PCR, 220 were negative and 8 were positive by the glycogen assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the glycogen assay obtained from these data were 84.8% (78 of 92) and 96.5% (220 of 228), respectively. Use of the glycogen assay to detect the glycogen content in genital epithelial cells may be helpful in the diagnosis of C. trachomatis infection. This is an easy, fast, and inexpensive assay and can be done in less-sophisticated labs.

Cervix Uteri↗