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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Constancy of color perception in the gray toad (Bufo bufo L.): role of the surrounding background in recognition of stimulus color].

The paper continues the previous study (1) on some aspects of toad colour vision. It deals with signs which allow the visual system of toad to recognize blue stimuli. The behavioural experiments were performed during the breeding season when males exhibited the clasping of stationary blue stimuli. It is shown that in spite of some variety of spectral compositions of light sources males clasp only blue stimuli on white surrounding background. Under fixed illumination on white background males clasp blue stimuli, while on red and/or yellow background they clasp grey stimuli as well. These responses appear explicable if it is assumed that the surrounding background is the main sign of a spectral composition of illumination with "the simultaneous colour contrast" being a part of the constant colour perception mechanism (2).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Categorical color perception of Japanese observers: comparison with that of Americans.

Ten native Japanese observers named 424 colors of the OSA Uniform Color Scales set using monolexemic color terms of their choice. The results are compared with those from seven American subjects previously studied by Boynton and Olson. It is concluded, in full agreement with the original thesis of Berlin and Kay, that there are eleven basic color terms in each language, each of which describes a fundamental color sensation dependent upon an underlying physiology that does not differ between the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Color perception with binocularly fused adapting fields of different wavelengths.

By presenting to one eye a small test superimposed on a background field, and to the other eye only a similar background field of a different wavelength (arranged so that the fused percept is the test centered upon a single fused background), the color appearance of the perceived background can be changed while keeping constant the light stimulating the test eye. Measurements demonstrate that the contralateral field clearly influences the color of the test, even when the left- and right-eye backgrounds are very different in wavelength and illuminance. This change in color appearance cannot be explained (a) by simple contribution of a color signal from the contralateral eye, (b) by the perceived color of the fused background, or (c) by combining the effects of contralateral adaptation (alone) and monocular adaptation (alone). Instead, the central-mechanism response depends on the particular pair of wavelengths that are fused. The results suggest chromatic coding of neural signals arriving at the central locus.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1998

Effects of mood on color perception as a function of dimensions of valence and arousal.

Effect of observers' emotional state on color discrimination was examined. Observers in happy (n = 18) versus sad (n = 18) emotional states, as induced by Eich and Metcalfe's 1989 procedure, were faster at discriminating high versus low arousal colors, respectively. Emotional state of observers had no effect on processing colors differing in valence.

Affect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Color perception in twins].

The classical twin method was used to examine the genotype--phenotype relationship in color vision. Suprathreshold color differences were assessed by 5 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) and 3 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins. The control group included 3 unrelated normal trichromats, a non-twin sibling pair, and a previously diagnosed deuteranomal. Concordance rates were calculated by Spearman's correlation coefficients (rs) and Procrustean distances (gl) between the reconstructed color spaces for each related pair of observers. For 4 pairs of the MZ twins, the rs values were comparable to intraindividual variability in the control normal trichromat; they were significantly higher (0.94-0.97) than those for the DZ twins and siblings (0.72-0.82). The gl values for the MZ twins (0.008-0.029) were lower than for the DZ twins (0.073-0.079) and siblings (0.053). The high concordance between each pair of the MZ twins suggests that their shared photopigment genome constrains a contribution of possible individual variations in nongenetic factors to variability of their color spaces. Lower concordance rates in the DZ twins and siblings can be attributed to differences in the inherited arrays of photopigment genes. Contributions to intrapair variation in color spaces of twins from cognitive factors such as perceptual-cognitive color categorization and decision-process variability are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Disorders of color perception in subtoxic and toxic digoxin and serum digoxin concentrations].

Using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test, investigations were carried out in 14 patients with subtoxic to toxic serum concentrations of digoxin (greater than 2.0 ng/ml) and 13 patients with subtoxic to toxic serum concentrations of digitoxin (greater than 30 ng/ml), in order to detect color vision deficiencies related to serum levels of digitalis. As compared to the control group (n = 24) the total error scores were significantly increased for both glycosides and all serum level ranges. No evidence was found indicating that digoxin and digitoxin influence color vision differently. The FM 100-hue test indicated definite improvements in the digoxin group within one day of discontinuing the glycosides, while the digitoxin group only started to normalize a week later. The results are discussed, taking the different pharmacokinetics of the two digitalis glycosides into account.

Aged↗