Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “BoLA”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Differences in recombination rates on chromosome 23 between German Angus and German Simmental and breed specific linkage mapping.

Five paternal half sib families of German Angus (GA) (n = 428) and six of German Simmental (GS) (n = 378) including dams were genotyped with 11 microsatellites (INRA132, RM033, BM1815, BM1258, BOLA-DRB1, BM1818, BM1905, BM1443, CYP21, CSSM5 and DYMS1) derived from chromosome 23. Differences in heterozygosity between the breeds were observed. Significant differences in recombination rates between GA and GS could be demonstrated for the marker intervals INRA132-CSSM5, CYP21-BOLA-DRB1 and BOLA-DRB1-BM1818. The length of the map of GA was 90.5 cM in contrast to 117.8 cM for GS. The breed specific linkage maps show differences in length but confirmation of the order of the markers.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The inter-relationships between magnesium, sodium and potassium in dairy cattle in the Waikato and Taranaki.

Between January 1987 and June 1988, when cattle were in mid-late lactation and not receiving supplementary magnesium, pasture samples were taken for magnesium, sodium, and potassium analysis from 134 dairy properties in Taranaki and the Waikato, and a composite serum sample from ten cows in each herd for magnesium analysis. Urine from the same herds was analysed for sodium, and for 31 herds in 1988 for magnesium. A severe cyclonic disturbance in early 1988, Cyclone Bola, was associated with changes in pasture sodium, potassium and magnesium, urinary sodium, and serum magnesium concentrations. In 1987, before the occurrence of Cyclone Bola, the Taranaki pastures had higher pasture sodium and lower potassium concentrations, and the Taranaki cattle had higher urinary sodium concentrations. In 1988, after Cyclone Bola, pasture sodium concentrations were higher in both Taranaki and the Waikato, and pasture magnesium concentrations higher in Taranaki than the Waikato. The high pasture sodium concentrations throughout Taranaki appeared to arise from strong prevailing winds bearing sea spray. The geological features of this region create wind turbulence which is responsible for the salt being deposited long distances inland.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Homologies between the major histocompatibility complex of man and cattle: consequences for disease resistance and susceptibility.

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of mammals contains a large number of mostly duplicated genes. In the HLA system (the MHC of man), which is by far the best-studied major histocompatibility system so far, roughly 20 genes have been defined and mapped. They code for three classes of proteins: HLA-A, -B and -C (Class I), HLA-DP, -DQ and -DR (Class II) and serum complement components C2, C4 and Bf (Class III). Furthermore, the region contains genes for 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The MHC thus forms a chromosomal segment containing several clusters of genes of only partially defined biological significance, but ondoubtedly playing a role in disease susceptibility. In view of the recently obtained structural information on BoLA, the MHC of cattle, it is hypothesized that susceptibility to diseases in cattle is associated with BoLA in the same way as human diseases. Finally, new technical and conceptual developments in the field of MHC research and their application to the BoLA system are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The analyses of antigen and DNA polymorphism within the bovine major histocompatibility complex: 1. The class I antigens.

Serology, isoelectric focusing (IEF) of expressed antigens, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) were compared for the identification of BoLA class I haplotypes. Expressed antigens identified as bands by IEF correlated well with serological definition confirming and extending our earlier findings (Joosten et al. 1988). Comparison of serology and isoelectric focusing bands with restriction fragments was more complicated; fragments were found which correlated both with broadly reacting and antigen specific sera. We also found correlation of fragments with two or more sera which showed no cross-reactivity. Fragments unique to particular haplotypes were also observed. Serology remains the simplest method of typing BoLA class I antigens. Isoelectric focusing generally agrees with serological definition of antigens and detects antigens not yet defined by serology. It may also be useful in defining the products of other expressed BoLA class I loci. In order to identify RFLPs which could be used for typing, comparison with serology or IEF is essential. Haplotype specific RFLPs could be useful in identifying genes linked to the MHC.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Discrimination between major histocompatibility complex class II DQ and DR locus products in cattle.

We have used a panel of anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and have assessed their specificity for the products of the individual bovine MHC (BoLA) class II subregions. The mAbs identified two distinct class II molecules by affinity purification and ELISA. Two-dimensional immunoblotting confirmed these data and NH2-terminal sequencing of the purified class II alpha chains of one member of each group identified the subregion specificity of the mAbs. The mAbs VPM36, TH22A and TH81A are specific for BoLA DQ, whereas VPM54, TH14B and J11 are specific for BoLA DR. SW73.2 reacts with both MHC subgroups of all cattle tested.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

AmpG, a signal transducer in chromosomal beta-lactamase induction.

The chromosomal ampC beta-lactamase in Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter cloacae is inducible by beta-lactam antibiotics. When an inducible ampC gene is introduced on a plasmid into Escherichia coli together with its transcriptional regulator ampR, the plasmid-borne beta-lactamase is still inducible. We have isolated mutants, containing alterations in a novel E. coli gene, ampG, in which a cloned C. freundii ampC gene is unable to respond to beta-lactam inducers. The ampG gene was cloned, sequenced and mapped to minute 9.6 on the E. coli chromosome. The deduced amino acid sequence predicted AmpG to be a 53 kDa, transmembrane protein, which we propose acts as a signal transducer or permease in the beta-lactamase induction system. Immediately upstream of ampG there is another 579-base-pair-long open reading frame (ORF) encoding a putative lipoprotein shown to be non-essential for beta-lactamase induction. We have found that ampG and this ORF form an operon, whose promoter is located in front of the ORF. Located closely upstream of the putative promoter is the morphogene bolA, which is transcribed in the opposite orientation. However, using transcription fusions, we have found that the ampG transcription is not regulated by bolA. In addition, we show that transcription is probably not regulated by either the starvation specific sigma factor RpoS, which controls bolA, or by AmpD the negative regulator for ampC transcription.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The effect of MHC compatibility between parasite-infected cell line and recipient in immunization against tropical theileriosis.

Lymphoblastoid cell lines, infected and transformed in vitro by a Moroccan stock of Theileria annulata, infected and immunized susceptible taurine cattle, at cell doses of 10(8), 10(6), 10(4) and 10(2), regardless of whether the recipients were BoLA matched or mismatched to the donor cell line. The MHC relationship between the cell line and recipient did affect the severity of the clinical response to cell line immunization which may reflect differences in the specific priming of the immune response. At the highest cell doses the BoLA-mismatched recipients reacted more severely than the BoLA-matched. This study shows that, unlike the closely related parasite T. parva, there is no histocompatibility barrier to immunization using T. annulata-infected cell lines which could be achieved with as few as 10(2) allogeneic infected cells. The role of MHC compatibility between cell line and recipient in the priming of a protective immune response is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Mixed lymphocyte reactivity in cattle.

Mixed lymphocyte reactivity (MLR) in cattle was assessed by measuring the extent of cellular proliferation between allogeneic lymphocytes in an in vitro test system. To test for involvement of the bovine major histocompatibility system (BoLA) the MLR tests were done using full-sibling cattle families which had been generated through the use of embryo transfer systems. The results showed that the responses in the MLR tests were associated with the BoLA antigen sharing status between the individuals being tested. Since the tests, were done using full-sibling combinations, this result suggests genetic linkage between the MLR controlling antigens and the BoLA complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The relationships of birth weight, preweaning gain and postweaning gain with the bovine major histocompatibility system.

A total of 739 cattle from nine breeds maintained at the Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska were tested for 42 class I antigens of the bovine major histocompatibility system (BoLA). Each antigen appears to be the product of a distinct co-dominant allele of the BoLA-A locus. The number of antigens present in each breed ranged from a minimum of 10 in Hereford to a maximum of 21 in Charolais cattle. There were large differences among breeds in the frequencies of antigens. The effect of each antigen on birth weight, preweaning weight gain and postweaning weight gain was estimated in a gene substitution model. Each breed was analyzed separately. There were significant effects of some BoLA antigens on birth weight, preweaning weight gain and postweaning weight gain, which is consistent with previous reports showing associations between the major histocompatibility system and growth parameters in mice, rats and pigs. However, further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to determine the biological mechanisms underlying these associations.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Division genes in Escherichia coli are expressed coordinately to cell septum requirements by gearbox promoters.

The cell division ftsQAZ cluster and the ftsZ-dependent bolA morphogene of Escherichia coli are found to be driven by gearboxes, a distinct class of promoters characterized by showing an activity that is inversely dependent on growth rate. These promoters contain specific sequences upstream from the mRNA start point, and their -10 region is essential for the inverse growth rate dependence. Gearbox promoters are essential for driving ftsQAZ and bolA gene expression so that the encoded products are synthesized at constant amounts per cell independently of cell size. This mode of regulation would be expected for the expression of proteins that either play a regulatory role in cell division or form a stoichiometric component of the septum, a structure that, independently of cell size and growth rate, is produced once per cell cycle.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Nucleotide sequences and the molecular evolution of the DMA and DMB genes of the bovine major histocompatibility complex.

cDNA clones encoding the bovine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DM alpha- and beta-chains were isolated and characterized. The BoLA-DMA cDNA clone, MA7, encoded a primary translated product of 260 amino acids, which included a signal peptide of 26 amino acids and a mature polypeptide of 234 amino acids. The BoLA-DMB cDNA clone, MB6, encoded a primary translated product of 262 amino acids, with a signal peptide of 18 amino acids and a mature polypeptide of 244 amino acids. Comparison of the sequences and construction of a phylogenetic tree revealed that both clones are more closely related to human and mouse DM genes than to genes for conventional bovine class II alpha- and beta-chains. Thus, since the bovine DMA and DMB genes are so different from other class II sequences and show evidence of strong conservation (> 70%) among the bovine, mouse and human homologues, it seems likely that each of these cDNA clones encodes a functional product, which might perform an important function, as previously established in studies in mouse and man.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Chromosomal localization of HSP70 genes in cattle.

Five genomic clones representing three HSP70 genes of cattle were biotin labeled and independently hybridized to cattle chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization localized HSP70-2 to Chromosome (Chr) 23 band 22 (the BoLA region), HSP70-3 to Chr 10 band 34, and HSP70-4 to Chr 3 band 13. Since HSP70-1, a fourth HSP70 gene, is tightly linked with HSP70-2 and the BOLA, HSP70-1 was also localized to Chr 23 band 22. The localization of HSP70-4 is the first assignment of a cattle U6 marker; thus, this entire syntenic group is tentatively placed in cattle Chr 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Prediction of potential cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes of bovine herpesvirus 1 based on allele-specific peptide motifs and proteolytic cleavage specificities.

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present endogenous peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Elucidation of CTL epitopes of intracellular pathogens helps in designing better vaccines to control economically important human and animal diseases. In this study, candidate epitopes that are potentially available for presentation to the CTLs via five bovine MHC class I molecules have been identified. This was accomplished by using the computer programs "Find-patterns" and "Peptidestructure" of GCG package and applying the information on cleavage patterns of cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum proteases and peptidases as well as MHC class I allele-specific peptide motifs on 23 bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) proteins available on protein sequence database. Several candidate peptides were found for each of the bovine lymphocyte antigens (BoLA)-A11, -A20, -HD1, and -HD6 whereas no peptide was found for BoLA-HD7. Majority of the candidate peptides were from the viral glycoproteins. The contribution of such studies towards the identification of CTL epitopes of BHV-1 and other intracellular pathogens is discussed.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

The nucleotide sequence of bovine MHC class II DQB and DRB genes.

The nucleotide sequences of most of the exons and parts of the introns of two BoLA-DQB genes and two BoLA-DRB genes have been determined. The structure of these genes is very similar to that of human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes. The two DQB genes probably represent true alleles. Based on the exons sequenced, both DQB genes and one of the DRB genes seem to be functional. The other DRB gene is a pseudogene; stopcodons are found in the exons encoding the second and transmembrane domain and, furthermore, a 2 base pair (bp) deletion has occurred in the leader exon which places the initiation start codon out of frame. Also in this pseudogene, an almost perfect inverted repeat of 200 bp is found flanking the exon encoding the first domain, which might have been the result of a duplication/inversion event. The sequences presented in this paper do not contain any repetitions. Therefore, DNA fragments containing these sequences can be used as homologous bovine probes in restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to study disease associations in cattle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Variation in the number of expressed MHC genes in different cattle class I haplotypes.

Analysis of cattle major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (BoLA) class I gene expression using serological and biochemical methods has demonstrated a high level of polymorphism. However, analysis of class I cDNA sequences has failed to produce conclusive evidence concerning the number and nature of expressed genes. Such information is essential for detailed studies of cattle immune responses, and to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of MHC evolution. In this study a selective breeding programme has been used to generate a number of MHC homozygous cattle expressing common serologically defined class I specificities. Detailed analysis of five class I haplotypes was carried out, with transcribed class I genes identified and characterized by cDNA cloning, sequence analysis, and transfection/expression studies. Surface expression of the gene products (on lymphocytes) was confirmed using monoclonal antibodies of defined BoLA specificity. Phylogenetic analysis of available transcribed cattle MHC class I sequences revealed complex evolutionary relationships including possible evidence for recombination. The study of individual haplotypes suggests that certain groupings of related sequences may correlate with loci, but overall it was not possible to define the origin of individual alleles using this approach. The most striking finding of this study is that none of the cattle class I genes is consistently expressed, and that in contrast to human, haplotypes differ from one another in both the number and composition of expressed classical class I genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Extracellular production of a hybrid beta-glucanase from Bacillus by Escherichia coli under different cultivation conditions in shaking cultures and bioreactors.

Cultivation conditions for the extracellular production of a hybrid beta-glucanase from Bacillus were established by using Escherichia coli JM 109 carrying the plasmid pLF3. This plasmid contained a novel secretion system consisting of the kil gene (killing protein) of plasmid ColE1 under the stationary-phase promoter of either the fic or the bolA gene, an omega interposon (Prentki and Krisch 1984) located upstream of the promoters and a hybrid beta-glucanase gene of Bacillus. When controlled by the fic promoter, the kil gene led to a higher total production of beta-glucanase and a higher protein secretion than when it was under control of the bolA promoter. When the effect of different distances between the stationary-phase promoters and the kil gene was investigated, a shorter distance was generally found to result in a higher secretion. With a complex growth medium, the kinetics of extracellular production of the enzyme depended on several operating variables, such as the salt concentration (NaCl) and the oxygen supply, which were varied by changing the culture volume and the shaking speed. In defined media the secretion of beta-glucanase into the medium was increased significantly by the addition of glycerol as a carbon source and by prolonged cultivation. The strain with the highest production and secretion yield of beta-glucanase [E. coli JM 109(pLF3)] was tested on the fermenter scale.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1997

Antibody responses against epitopes on the F protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus differ in infected or vaccinated cattle.

The fusion protein F of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important target for humoral and cellular immune responses, and antibodies against the F protein have been associated with protection. However, the F protein can induce antibodies with different biological activity, possibly related to distinct antigenic regions on the protein. Therefore, epitopes were mapped on the F protein using monoclonal antibodies. Two epitopes (A and B) were identified that induced neutralizing antibodies, and one epitope (C) that did not elicit neutralizing antibodies. Subsequently, antibody responses were analysed against these epitopes in cattle sera after natural infection, experimental infection or vaccination. After natural infection or reinfection, the antibody titres against epitope A were significantly higher than those against epitope B or C. After experimental infection and after vaccination with an inactivated vaccine, antibody titres against epitope B and C were significantly higher than after natural infection. Conversely, virus neutralizing antibody titres were significantly lower in these animals with higher antibody titres against epitopes B and C than in naturally infected cattle. Because after natural infection the epitope-specific-antibody titres against epitope A, B or C differed markedly between the cattle, the magnitude of the antibody titres against epitope A, B or C in relation to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes of cattle (BoLA) was studied. The magnitude of the antibody responses against epitope A of the F protein, but not against the G protein, appeared to be associated with the bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA) haplotype.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the major histocompatibility complex of indigenous cattle in the Ivory Coast.

The MHC (BoLA) type has been determined for cattle from three breeds in West Africa. Seventy Baoule, 50 N'Dama and 30 Zebu cattle from the centre and north of the Ivory Coast were tested. Lymphocytes from these cattle were tested in a lymphocytotoxicity test with alloantisera detecting all of the internationally recognised BoLA sera. 78 sera prepared in Edinburgh and 57 in Jouy-en-Josas were used in the study. The results showed that sera prepared in Europe detect similar specificities in West Africa. Although with some specificities the frequencies differ from those seen in Europe. The frequency of null alleles is higher than in Europe in the Ndama and Zebu animals indicating the existence of additional specificities which will require the production of alloantisera in these breeds. However in the Baoule the null allele frequency is lower even then in some European breeds. The population data in which no animals have more than two workshop specificities is consistent with a single locus control in West Africa as in Europe.

Alleles↗