Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ARTIFICIAL LIMB”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

The new design of an infrared-controlled human-computer interface for the disabled.

This paper reports on the development of an eyeglass- type infrared (IR)-controlled computer interface for the disabled. This system may serve to assist those who suffer from spinal cord injuries or other handicaps to operate a computer. This system is comprised of three major components: 1) an infrared transmitting module, 2) an infrared receiving/signal-processing module, and 3) a main controller, the Intel-8951 microprocessor. The infrared transmitting module utilizes tongue-touch circuitry which is converted to an infrared beam and a low power laser (<0.1 mW) beam. The infrared receiving/signal-processing module, receives the infrared beam and fine tunes the unstable infrared beam into standard pulses which are used as control signals. The main controller is responsible for detecting the input signals from the infrared receiving/signal-processing module and verifying these signals with the mapping table in its memory. After the signal is verified, it is released to control the keys of the computer keyboard and mouse interface. This design concept was mainly based on the idea that the use of an infrared remote module fastened to the eyeglasses could allow the convenient control of the input motion on the keys of a computer keyboard and mouse which are all modified with infrared receiving/signal-processing modules. The system is designed for individuals with spinal cord injuries and disabled in which the subjects' movement are severely restricted. The infrared transmitting module can be easily mounted on eyeglasses or artificial limbs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Exponential growth and future of artificial organs.

One hundred thousand (100,000) people are living--thanks to Artificial Kidneys. We need more emphasis on Home Dialysis. The immediate future will bring us: WAK (Wearable Artificial Kidney) FAK (Filtrating Artificial Kidney) PAK (Peritoneal Artificial Kidney) HAK (Hemoperfusion Artificial Kidney). Intra-aortic balloon pumps and transapical left ventricular bypass may offer patients now dying from heart failure, a possibility to either recover or be maintained until an artificial heart is available. Our aim is to create an Artificial Heart to totally replace the irreparably sick human heart. We have obtained survival times up to more than six months after total replacement of the natural heart in calves. Dr. Steve Jacobsen's Artificial Arm is activated by electromyographic signals that are derived from the shoulder muscles. The Artificial Eye makes use of direct stimulation of the visual cortex of the brain by arrays of electrodes situated against the visual cortex. For the Artificial Ear, we stimulate the fibers of the eighth nerve by threading platinum wires up into the cochlea. Deaf volunteers can hear rhythm, loudness and some pitch.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Long-term effects of axotomy on neural activity during cat locomotion.

1. Neural activity was recorded from cats during locomotion on a treadmill using electrodes in Silastic cuffs placed around the sciatic nerve and the lateral gastrocnemius-soleus, medial gastrocnemius, common peroneal and tibial nerve branches. Each branch gave characteristic patterns of activity which were studied before and after it was cut distal to the recording cuffs. Sensory and motor components were separated and measured using cross-correlation techniques. The amplitude of the cross-correlation peaks was compared with the amplitude of compound action potentials evoked by electrical stimulation and recorded from the same sites in the anaesthetized animal. 2. Sensory activity declined rapidly following axotomy and did not recover unless reinnervation occurred. Sensory activity even 5 months after nerve section and resuture had recovered to only a fraction of the control values. This reduction is attributed to a decline in the evoked compound potentials and to many fibres being unsuccessful in regenerating to appropriate sensory organs. 3. Motor activity declined more than could be accounted for by a decline in evoked potentials over the first month after axotomy. The extra reduction represents a decline in the number of impulses generated by alpha-motoneurones after axotomy. If regeneration was permitted, motor activity recovered to higher levels than did the evoked potentials for the whole nerve. Even if regeneration was prevented by nerve ligation, motoneurones continued to generate activity at a stable level over a period of months during which whole nerve compound potentials continued to decline. 4. The modulation of motor activity in ligated nerves during the step cycle was still appropriate to the required movement. Thus, activity recorded from severed nerves in human amputees may be useful in controlling powered artificial limbs. The persistence of motor activity may be responsible for the lesser degree of atrophy found in motor fibres than in sensory fibres following ligation (Hoffer, Stein & Gordon, 1979b).

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1967

Spare-part surgery.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Artificial Limbs↗
PubMed1978

Coital cephalgia and ischaemic muscular work of the lower limbs.

A case is reported of a patient who presented with coital cephalgia, and in whom an obstructive lesion of the lower aorta was demonstrated. Bicycle ergometry evoked an abnormal pressor response. The condition was cured by restoration of normal circulation. An abnormal pressor response to treadmill exercise was shown to exist in subjects with intermittent claudication, and in normal subjects with circulation to lower limbs artificially occluded. A pressor response to buttock or leg exercise or both is suggested as the cause of the coital cephalgia.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Factors influencing the exercise behavior of adults with physical disabilities.

PURPOSE: Examine the theorized associations of transtheoretical model (TTM) of behavior change constructs (behavioral and cognitive processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy), along with exercise barriers, by stage of change for exercise behavior among individuals with physical disabilities. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of 322 adults with physical disabilities residing in the United States. Most participants (84.3%) used some form of assistive device (e.g., artificial limb, wheelchair), were female (62.1%), and Caucasian (91.9%). The mean age of participants was 52.5 yr (SD = 13.9). Participants completed and returned questionnaires for each TTM construct, along with an exercise barriers measure. RESULTS: In univariate analyses, all constructs were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with the stages of change for exercise behavior, except for dramatic relief (P > 0.005). The largest portion of variance was derived from counter conditioning (eta = 0.45), followed by the five behavioral processes of change combined (eta = 0.40), self-liberation (eta = 0.31), self-efficacy (eta = 0.30), and self-reevaluation (eta = 0.28). Direct discriminant function (multivariate) analysis revealed four discriminant functions which accounted for 71.0% (P < 0.001), 20.9% (P < 0.001), 6.3% (P < 0.05), and 1.8% (P = 0.62), respectively, of the between-group (stage of change) variability. The overall stage of change classification accuracy was 70.8%. CONCLUSION: This was the first study to examine the stages of change for exercise behavior among adults with physical disabilities on the basis of the full TTM and exercise barriers. Overall, the results are in general agreement with existing evidence among nondisabled populations. This provides further cross-sectional support for the internal and external validity of TTM and exercise barriers among a unique and understudied population segment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The below-elbow myo-electric prosthesis. A comparison of the Otto Bock myo-electric prosthesis with the hook and functional hand.

The place of the myo-electric prosthesis in below-elbow amputees has been reviewed. Forty-three patients were seen and all possessed both a myo-electric prosthesis and a standard artificial limb. Nearly half the patients used the newer device almost all the time at work and many of these wore it for the majority of their waking hours. Its use at work was mainly related to the patient's type of job and here in turn there was concern about damaging the device. It is suggested that acceptance would be further increased if greater attention were paid to the durability of the arm and its glove. Criteria for prescription and future developments are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The UK Department of Health and Social Security's Scientific and Technical Services Branch.

The DHSS's Scientific and Technical Services Branch is an organization believed to the United Kingdom. About half the staff work in Artificial Limb and Appliance Centres providing support services for disabled people. The other half are in DHSS headquarters working in a range of activities aimed at helping the National Health Service in its procurement of medical equipment and supplies as well as the support of the British medical product industry.

Equipment and Supplies↗
PubMed1983

A clinical study of post polio infantile paralysis.

This study reports on 3,000 cases of poliomyelitis seen at the Rehabilitation and Artificial Limb Centre at Lucknow between January 1976 and December 1980. Factors such as age and sex incidence, extremity involvement, incidence of deformities at hip, knee and ankle, lower limb discrepancy, treatment and orthoses prescribed are discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Holte revisited--a review of the quality of prosthetic treatment.

The standards recommended at the United Nations Inter regional Seminar on Standards for the Training of Prosthetists in Holte, Denmark, in 1968 were universally accepted as being ideal, practical and economical. As these standards and the services to patients are not always observed, world wide, a study was made to investigate the situation in Australia. Australia is a federation with responsibility for health and education vested in six States. The Federal Government is the principal taxing authority with the States dependent on it for financing services. The isolation of Australia led the Government during 1960 to send a rehabilitation medical officer to survey the system in Europe and North America. The best features of overseas practice became the basis for updating an Australian Service and establishing the Central Development Unit. The Artificial Limb Service is based on clinical care, formal inservice training of limb makers and fitters, patient training by therapists and the purchase of components from mass producers. The Service is answerable to lay and medical staff in the State Branches and to the Central Office of the Department, located in Canberra. The division of responsibility between the State and Federal Governments seems to lead to competition for control of services rather than to an integrated plan for Prosthetic-Orthotic training with services. Industrial conflict due to a perceived threat of the supplanting of apprentices by formally trained prosthetists-orthotists has also adversely affected development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Australia↗
PubMed1976

Crutch design for a high-level amputee.

A case is reported of a high-level left-leg amputee, aged 61 years, the amputation being performed 33 years ago. No satisfactory artificial limb has been available and severe hip and foot problems have resulted, through continued use of unsatisfactory crutch design. From the study of gait films, an excessive lateral movement at the pelvis was clear. An analysis of lateral stability showed that the crutch support on the ground needed to be shifted medially by about 5 cm. The patient's condition is greatly improved with the new crutch design.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1975

Hazards of overconcentrated milk formula. Hyperosmolality, disseminated intravascular coagulation and gangrene.

Severe hypertonic dehydration with hyperglycemia developed in a 7-week-old infant girl after she was fed an overconcentrated milk formula for five days. Renal failure,disseminated intravascular coagulation, gangrene of the legs, and coma were added complications. Intravenous rehydration, peritoneal dialysis, and heparin administration corrected the metabolic and coagulation derangements, and renal function returned to normal. Bilateral below-the-knee amputations were performed and the child subsequently learned to walk with artificial limbs. The dangers of overconcentrated formulas in infant feeding should be widely publicized through warnings printed on all commercial milk preparations.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

[A report of 115 cases of amputation after electric injury].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the main features of amputation subsequent to electric injury. METHODS: One hundred and fifteen cases of amputation were analyzed with the purpose to define the indication, the optimal level, operational methods and the prognosis. RESULTS: The incidences of amputation in this group were 45.4% for upper and 14.9% for lower extremities, respectively. The indications were total necrosis of the extremities, secondary necrosis of the extremities due to the thrombosis, bleeding and rupture of the major supplying arteries and failure to restore severely injured tissue. The commonest amputation levels were the mid third and the upper third of the forearms. The primary healing rate was 63.5%. CONCLUSION: It was very important to identify the optimal indications, the proper levels and operational methods for the amputation after electric injury, so as to make stumps more suitable for the installation of artificial limbs to restore better function.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1976

Stabilometry and some aspects of its applications--a review.

This paper reviews some of the available literature on a comparatively new and rapidly developing method for the study of man's stability of stance, "stabilometry", and some aspects of its application. The principle of this method consists in translating the mechanical oscillations of man's physiological gravicentre into electrical signals, their amplification, recording, and analysis. The method may be used to carry out research in various specialised disciplines including clinical medicine, otorhinolaryngology, industrial and sports physiology. Additional application areas of stabilometry are aerospace medicine and the manufacture of artificial limbs. The purpose of this review is to direct the attention of investigators, physicians, and specialists toward the future development of this promising method.

Atmospheric Pressure↗
PubMed1999

[EMG signal analysis based on fuggy and neural network].

Recognizing methods of EMG signal based on the fuzzy and neural network, applying to a gamma model network is trained for EMG signal of artificial-limbs, compared with assemble-category analysis. The results demonstrated that identification rate is being the better.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

[Surface electromyography signal classification using gray system theory].

A new method based on gray correlation was introduced to improve the identification rate in artificial limb. The electromyography (EMG) signal was first transformed into time-frequency domain by wavelet transform. Singular value decomposition (SVD) was then used to extract feature vector from the wavelet coefficient for pattern recognition. The decision was made according to the maximum gray correlation coefficient. Compared with neural network recognition, this robust method has an almost equivalent recognition rate but much lower computation costs and less training samples.

Electromyography↗