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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Long-term treatment of C1 inhibitor deficiency with epsilon-aminocaproic acid in two patients.

Most patients who have hereditary angioedema receive treatment with androgens or impeded androgens. epsilon-Aminocaproic acid (EACA) is another treatment for C1 inhibitor deficiency. In two patients with angioedema and attacks of abdominal pain due to C1 inhibitor deficiency, long-term treatment with EACA (for more than 2 decades in one of them) was associated with a substantial decrease in the frequency and severity of episodes. One patient had definite hereditary angioedema, and the other had probable hereditary angioedema but the family history was negative for the disease. The EACA therapy caused no major side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid on biochemical changes in the development of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.

epsilon-Aminocaproic acid (EACA) inhibited the development of Dictyostelium discoideum strain AX2 after the aggregation stage. Biochemical changes that occurred early in development (loss of cellular protein, RNA and carbohydrate; increase in the specific activity of N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, threonine deaminase and leucine aminopeptidase) were not affected by concentrations of EACA which blocked development; but biochemical changes that occurred later (synthesis of carbohydrate, increase in the specific activity of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) were inhibited. Spores from fruiting bodies formed in the presence of low concentrations of EACA were larger, more spherical and less able to survive heat treatment than spores from fruiting bodies of control (no EACA) cells.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1992

Intravesical epsilon aminocaproic acid in management of intractable bladder hemorrhage.

Thirty-seven patients with intractable bladder hemorrhage were treated with intravesical epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA). Radiation cystitis and cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis were the two most common causes of intractable bladder hemorrhage. Thirty-four patients responded to treatment. No side effects were noted. Intravesical EACA appears to be a safe and effective method to control intractable bladder hemorrhage.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1979

Epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA) myopathy.

Two female patients developed a severe, painful proximal myopathy after taking 18--30 g of epsilon-aminocaproic acid daily for 5 weeks. Marked elevations of serum aminotransferases, creatine kinase and aldolase levels were found and the first patient had electromyographic and muscle biopsy changes of an acute monophasic, necrotising myopathy at the height of the illness. Resolution occurred in both cases on stopping the drug and the second patient had no electromyographic or muscle biopsy abnormalities 3 weeks later. Only 2 recognized cases of the condition have been reported previously but a review of the literature revealed several other possible examples.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Haemorrhagic cystitis treated with epsilon-aminocaproic acid.

A life-threatening haemorrhagic cystitis, which occurred in a patient with metastatic prostatic carcinoma, was controlled with epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) after conventional approaches to treatment failed. EACA administration was both systemic and intravesical, and control of bleeding occurred within 24 hours after initiation of treatment.

Aminocaproates↗
PubMed1995

epsilon-Aminocaproic acid does not inhibit outflow resistance washout in monkeys.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the anti-fibrinolytic agent epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) inhibits the washout of resistance to aqueous humor outflow during anterior chamber perfusion in cynomolgus monkeys, as it does in rabbits. METHODS: Nine adult ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys underwent bilateral anterior chamber perfusion with Bárány solution, containing 3.8 mM EACA unilaterally. Total outflow facility was determined in both eyes simultaneously for approximately 4 hours by the two-level constant pressure method. The data were analyzed using a linear regression model that tested treated versus control eye differences over time against a slope and intercept of 0.0. RESULTS: Outflow facility increased and resistance decreased significantly over time similarly in both EACA-treated and control eyes; i.e., neither the slopes nor the intercepts for facility or resistance, respectively, differed between the eyes over the entire 4-hour measurement period or for the initial 90 minutes considered separately. The facility increase and resistance decrease as functions of perfusion volume also were similar in EACA-treated and control eyes. CONCLUSIONS: EACA at this dose does not prevent resistance washout in the cynomolgus monkey, in contrast to the rabbit. This species difference may relate to the vastly different anatomy and physiology of their outflow pathways.

Aminocaproic Acid↗
PubMed1998

Aprotinin versus epsilon-aminocaproic acid for aortic surgery using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the relative efficacy of aprotinin and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) in decreasing blood loss and transfusion requirements after aortic surgery involving deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). DESIGN: A retrospective chart review. SETTING: A university medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine patients who had undergone thoracic aortic surgery with the use of circulatory arrest. INTERVENTIONS: Charts were examined for variables believed to influence postoperative blood loss, including the use of medications, and for the amount of postoperative chest tube drainage and perioperative transfusion. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Median chest tube output (CTO) at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively was nearly identical in patients treated with aprotinin or EACA (660 and 1,015 v 700 and 950 mL for aprotinin and EACA at 6 and 12 hours, respectively), as were total perioperative blood transfusions. Complications were not significantly different between groups with the exception of a trend toward increased incidence of renal failure in the group receiving EACA. CONCLUSION: Aprotinin and EACA appear to be equally efficacious in reducing perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing aortic surgery involving DHCA. Questions of safety remain about the use of EACA in this setting that could not be addressed by this small retrospective study. A prospective, placebo-controlled study is warranted to confirm the absolute efficacy of these agents and to better define safety issues.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Haemostatic activity of ethamsylate and aminocaproic acid adsorbed poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) particles.

A haemostatic material suitable for embolization was prepared by the adsorption of haemostatics--ethamsylate and aminocaproic acid in the spherical particles of porous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (p(HEMA)). The degree of purification of ethamsylate-treated particles was tested by an analysis of donor blood in contact with the material. An evaluation of the haemostatic properties of these materials was obtained by the determination of the indicators of blood clotting: activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and prothrombin time. Ethamsylate or aminocaproic acid-containing p(HEMA) has a distinct haemostatic effect on pathological blood of patients suffering from focal alterations of the liver. These haemostatic emboli materials show promise for the immediate control of various haemorrhages; when introduced into a zone with increased haemorrhage, they may help to correct disturbed haemostasis.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous thrombosis of an intracranial aneurysm during treatment with epsilon aminocaproic acid.

The authors report spontaneous thrombosis of a middle cerebral artery aneurysm in a patient receiving the anti-fibrinolytic agent, epsilon aminocaproic acid. Intense vasospasm and profound neurologic deficit accompanied the initial hemorrhage. Follow-up angiography two, four and ten weeks following the initial hemorrhage demonstrated occlusion of the aneurysm and progressive thrombosis of a middle cerebral artery branch despite the disappearance of vasospasm. The patient had a persistent hemiparesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Myoglobinuria following epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) therapy. Case report.

Myoglobinuria developed in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage treated with a course of 1.43 kg of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) given over 41 days. Review of eight other cases with a variety of medical disorders shows that this effect occurs after at least 4 weeks of taking doses of a minimum of 24 gm EACA per day. The effect seems to be reversible if discovered early. This side-effect should provide impetus for restricting the duration of EACA therapy to periods under 28 days, in doses no higher than 24 gm/day.

Aminocaproates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid and prednisolone on the activation of the complement system due to x-ray contrast agents in rats in vitro].

epsilon-Aminocaproic acid and prednisolone in concentration of 3.0 x 10(-5) M are proven to reduce or even completely prevent activation of the alternative pathway of the component which has been induced by iod-amide adipiodone and triombrast in concentrations 2.5 x 10(-2) M in the serum of "sensitive" rats. The preventive effect of the glucocorticoid appeared less pronounced. There exists direct positive correlation between the degree of the component activation with radiopaque compounds and preventive effect of the drugs studied.

Aminocaproic Acid↗
PubMed1981

The influence of epsilon-aminocaproic acid on the mineralocorticoid hypertension of the rat.

The development of hypertension induced by DOCA/salt in rats can be reduced by epsilon-aminocaproic acid. Analogously to the clinical finding, glomerulopathy is also less marked. Recognising on the one hand the interaction between the coagulation system and the vessel wall and on the other hand the fibrinolysis-blocking properties of EACA, it can be assumed that derangements of the coagulation system are aetiologically involved i hypertension induced by salt/DOCA. As a secondary finding, it was observed that the course of an existing lung infection is deleteriously affected by fibrinolysis-blockade with EACA.

Aminocaproates↗
PubMed2000

Adjuvant use of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (Amicar) in the endovascular treatment of cranial arteriovenous fistulae.

We report our experience with the use of the antifibrinolytic agent epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), Amicar, as an adjuvant to endovascular treatment of cranial arteriovenous fistulae. We also review applications of antifibrinolytic agents to neurovascular disorders and discuss the mechanism of action, dosing strategy, contraindications, and possible complications associated with the use of EACA. We identified 13 patients with cranial arteriovenous fistulae (five direct carotid cavernous fistulae [CCF], seven dural arteriovenous fistulae [DAVF], and one vein of Galen malformation) who received EACA as an adjunct to endovascular treatment. In all cases embolic coils were the primary embolic agent. We reviewed the modes of initial endovascular therapy and angiographic findings immediately thereafter and the response to EACA. Two direct CCF and two DAVF were completely thrombosed on follow-up angiography, and two DAVF demonstrated diminished flow after EACA therapy. Seven fistulae did not respond to EACA. Four of eight tightly coiled fistulae thrombosed, while none of five loosely coiled fistulae thrombosed. None of four cases with a residual fistula separate from the coil mass underwent thrombosis with EACA, while four of nine cases without a separate fistula thrombosed. There was no morbidity related to EACA therapy. EACA may thus be useful as an adjunct to endovascular treatment of cranial arteriovenous fistulae. Loose or incomplete coil packing of the fistula predicts a poor response to EACA therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Fibrin adhesive implant in wound healing repair of dental sockets with topical application of epsilon aminocaproic acid: histological analysis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate wound healing repair of dental sockets after topical application of 5% epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and the use of fibrin adhesive implant in rats under anticoagulant therapy with warfarin. Sixty Albinus wistar rats were used, divided into three groups of 20. In Group I, the animals were given 0.1 mL/100 mg of 0.9% saline solution per day, beginning 6 days before dental extraction and continuing throughout the experimental period. In Group II, the animals received 0.03 mL of sodium warfarin daily, beginning 6 days before the surgery and continuing until the day of sacrifice; after tooth extractions, the sockets were filled with fibrin adhesive material. In Group III the animals were treated as in Group II, and after extractions, the sockets were irrigated with 5 mL of 5% EACA and filled with the same fibrin adhesive material. All groups presented biological phases of wound healing repair, the differences being evident only in the chronology. The results obtained in Group III were very similar to those of Group I in the last period of wound repair, whereas Group II presented a late chronology compared to the other groups.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

Efficacy of epsilon-aminocaproic acid in children undergoing cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To compare coagulation test results, blood loss, and blood product transfusions between patients receiving prophylactic epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and a control group matched for age, resternotomy, and surgery in children undergoing cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: University-affiliated, pediatric medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Same study period; 70 patients in EACA group and 70 patients in control group. INTERVENTIONS: Prophylactic EACA administered intravenously (load, 150 mg/kg, infusion; 30 mg/kg/h) to 70 patients at increased risk for bleeding (reoperation or Ross procedure). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Coagulation test values were measured before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Intraoperative blood loss, postoperative chest tube output, and allogenic blood product transfusions were recorded. Comparison of demographic and surgical data indicated close matching of the EACA and control groups. The EACA group ([median, 25th to 75th quartile] 15.6 mL/kg; 9.2 to 26.3 mL/kg) had less intraoperative blood loss than the control group (22.2 mL/kg; 14.3 to 36.3 mL/kg; p = 0.02). Postoperative chest tube output at 6 hours (p = 0.08), 12 hours (p = 0.07), and 24 hours (p = 0.08) was not significantly different between groups. Fewer EACA group patients required reexploration for bleeding (p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups in blood products transfused (in milliliters per kilogram or allogenic exposure per patient). Thromboelastography values (maximum amplitude [MA], whole blood clot lysis index at 30 minutes after MA) during CPB were better preserved in the EACA group. CONCLUSION: EACA reduced intraoperative blood loss but did not significantly decrease blood product transfusions. Lack of efficacy may be related to relative underdosing and should be further studied.

Adolescent↗