Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “modified”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Somatostatin and its analogue (D-Trp8,D-Cys14)-somatostatin do not modify intestinal absorption in vivo of carbohydrates in hamster intestine, but they do modify some disaccharidases.

Somatostatin is a widely distributed hormone localized in the central nervous system, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. We have investigated the possible influence of somatostatin and a synthetic analogue, (D-Trp8,D-Cys14)-somatostatin, on the intestinal absorption 'in vivo' of D(+)-glucose and D(+)-galactose and also the effect on disaccharidase intestinal activities in hamster. Somatostatin, or its analogue, (12 micrograms/100 g body wt) was administered intraperitoneally 4 or 14 h prior to experiments. The results are compared to control animals. Animals treated with somatostatin and the synthetic analogue showed that there were no significant difference from control animals with respect to intestinal absorption of carbohydrates. Somatostatin produced inhibition of brush-border lactase activity in females only, whereas brush-border sucrase was increased 14 h after treatment in males and females, and brush-border maltase was inhibited in females only 4 h after hormone administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Modified substrates and modified products as inducers of carbohydrases.

Cellobiose and isomaltose are both inducers and repressors of cellulase and dextranase, respectively. The repression can be avoided by supplying the disaccharide slowly. This has been done by use of palmitate and acetate esters which are hydrolyzed by esterases of the growing organism to yield the inducer. Sucrase yields, also, are greatly increased (to 80 times) by substituting sucrose monopalmitate for sucrose in the culture medium.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of modified Bordet-Gengou and modified Regan-Lowe media for the isolation of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis.

Culture and fluorescent-antibody methods for detection of Bordetella species were evaluated by two state public health laboratories. Field-inoculated plates of Regan-Lowe agar medium were most useful if incubation was initiated on the day of collection. Regan-Lowe and Bordet-Gengou media were comparable for subculturing nasopharyngeal specimens that were transported and enriched in half-strength Regan-Lowe agar. Maximum sensitivity was achieved when the media were used in parallel. Fluorescent-antibody-stained smears of nasopharyngeal specimens were more sensitive for detection of Bordetella pertussis than for detection of Bordetella parapertussis. The fluorescent-antibody method, however, was too insensitive for use without culture.

Bordetella↗
PubMed2002

In vitro susceptibility to pentavalent antimony in Leishmania infantum strains is not modified during in vitro or in vivo passages but is modified after host treatment with meglumine antimoniate.

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a common parasitic disease in Southern Europe, caused by Leishmania infantum. The failures of current treatment with pentavalent antimonials are partially attributable to the emergence of antimony-resistant Leishmania strains. This study analyses the in vitro susceptibility to pentavalent antimony of intracellular amastigotes from a range of L. infantum strains, derived from the same infected animal, during in vitro and in vivo passages and after host treatment with meglumine antimoniate. RESULTS: SbV-IC50 values for strains from two distinct isolates from the same host and one stock after two years of culture in NNN medium and posterior passage to hamster were similar (5.0 +/- 0.2; 4.9 +/- 0.2 and 4.4 +/- 0.1 mgSbV/L, respectively). In contrast, a significant difference (P < 0.01, t test) was observed between the mean SbV-IC50 values in the stocks obtained before and after treatment of hosts with meglumine antimoniate (4.7 +/- 0.4 mgSbV/L vs. 7.7 +/- 1.5 mgSbV/L). Drug-resistance after drug pressure in experimentally infected dogs increased over repeated drug administration (6.4 +/- 0.5 mgSbV/L after first treatment vs. 8.6 +/- 1.4 mgSbV/L after the second) (P < 0.01, t test). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm previous observations on strains from Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients and indicate the effect of the increasing use of antimony derivatives for treatment of canine leishmaniasis in endemic areas on the emergence of Leishmania antimony-resistant strains.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

The insertion/deletion variation in the alpha2B-adrenoceptor does not seem to modify the risk for acute myocardial infarction, but may modify the risk for hypertension in sib-pairs from families with type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the alpha2B-adrenoceptor (AR) has been associated with the risk for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death. In this study we tested whether this polymorphism is associated with the risk for AMI among members of families with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: 154 subjects with a history of AMI were matched for age and sex with one of their siblings who did not have a history of AMI. The prevalence of the genotypes of the alpha2B-AR insertion/deletion polymorphism was compared between the siblings using McNemar's test. We also explored the data to see whether this genetic variation affects the risk for hypertension by using logistic regression models in the two subpopulations of subjects, with and without a history of AMI. RESULTS: Among all study subjects, 73 (24%) carried the alpha2B-AR deletion/deletion genotype, 103 (33%) carried the insertion/insertion genotype, and 132 (43%) were heterozygous. The distribution of genotypes of the alpha2B-AR insertion/deletion variation in the group of subjects with a history of AMI and their phenotype-discordant siblings did not statistically significantly differ from that expected by random distribution (p = 0.52): the deletion/deletion genotype was carried by 34 subjects with AMI (22%), and by 39 subjects without AMI (25%). Neither did we observe any significant difference in deletion allele frequencies of the alpha2B-AR insertion/deletion polymorphism between patients with a history of AMI (0.44) and their sib-pair controls (0.46, p = 0.65). In an exploratory analysis, the alpha2B-AR deletion/deletion genotype was associated with increased odds for hypertension compared with subjects carrying any of the other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: The deletion/deletion genotype of the alpha2B-AR does not emerge in this study as a risk factor for AMI among members of families with type 2 diabetes; however, it might be involved in the development of hypertension.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical study of biocompatibility of dialysis membranes made from non-modified and modified cellulose].

Basic biocompatibility parameters of dialysis membranes made of non-substituted regenerated cellulose (NRC) and cellulose membranes with hydroxyl groups substituted, to a higher (H) or lower (L) degree, by dl-ethyl-amino-ethyl groups (DEAE), or by acetate (CA) were investigated in a 16-week clinical study, involving 10 long-term haemodialysis patients. In the 15th minute of dialysis, the decrease in blood leukocyte count, while using NRC (0.24 +/- 0.03 of baseline value, arithmetic mean +/- SEM) was deeper compared with that seen in DEAE-L (0.88 +/- 0.10, p < 0.001), in DEAE-H (0.79 +/- 0.10, p < 0.01), and in CA (0.73 +/- 0.05. p < 0.05). In the 15th minute of the procedure, C5a concentrations, reflecting complement activation, were higher in NRC (4.4 +/- 0.51 micrograms/L) than in DEAE-L (1.41 +/- 0.22, p < 0.001), in DEAE-H (1.68 +/- 0.47, p < 0.01), and in CA (1.68 +/- 0.22, p < 0.01). Activated clotting times were, in the 10th minute of the procedure, significantly longer in NRC (2.94 +/- 0.37 of baseline value) than in DEAE-H (1.74 +/- 0.10, p < 0.05) and, by the end of dialysis, the difference between these membranes (NRC: 1.47 +/- 0.21, DEAE-H: 0.85 +/- 0.08, p = 0.07) was close to the level of statistical significance. The authors conclude: 1. Substitution of the hydroxyl groups of regenerated cellulose reduces the decrease in leukocyte count and complement activation in the initial phase of haemodialysis. 2. At the same time, substitution by DEAE groups may raise thrombogenicity, as indicated by the shorter activated clotting times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗