Occlusal trauma and inflammatory periodontal disease.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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Panoramic radiographs of 1,608 children and adolescents aged 10 to 15 years (797 males and 811 females) were reviewed to determine the prevalence of tooth and jaw abnormalities. Abnormalities were detected on 21 percent of the radiographs (23 percent females and 17.3 percent males); 879 teeth were diagnosed with abnormalities on 331 radiographs. The more common abnormalities were malpositioned teeth, missing teeth, misshaped teeth, and teeth with hypoplastic appearance. Bony abnormalities and growth problems were detected in a few radiographs. This study demonstrates the value of panoramic radiography in detecting or confirming dental abnormalities, and supports recommendations on the use of panoramic radiography to aid in the assessment of dental development.
Malocclusion, as an etiological agent in dental disease, is among the most controversial subjects in dentistry. Bruxism has been blamed on stress and many other nondental factors. A biomechanical mechanism that serves as a contributing factor to stimulate tooth clenching and grinding is defined and used to identify the 12 common dental symptoms caused by tooth clenching and grinding. A method is proposed through which the practitioner can link the observable dental signs with the biomechanical factors for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, preferably at an early stage before the damage becomes severe.
In the present study, 139 periodontally compromised patients received a complete periodontal treatment; in 104 cases this was followed by orthodontic treatment. At the end of the entire therapy, a total of 150 Maryland restorations (69 resin-bonded fixed partial dentures and 81 resin-bonded splints) was placed and then followed for a period of up to 10 years (mean 6.7 y). Thirteen fixed partial dentures and 16 splints failed during the observation period; the 10-year cumulative survival rate from lifetable analysis was 76.2% (70.6% for fixed partial dentures and 80.7% for splints).
The need for dental treatment in paediatric dental patients is immense. The present study was carried out in fifty children in the age group of five to ten years of age with recurrent episodes of dentoalveolar infection. Advanced pulpal infections led to torsion in 54 percent, premature eruption in 46 percent, crater like bone loss in 36 percent, sequestration and dilaceration in 10 percent and 6 percent respectively. Most of the developmental disturbances could have been avoided with timely antibiotics and endodontic intervention.
The effect of orthodontic therapy is dependent of the biological possibilities and limitations of the dento-alveolar complex. Biomechanical effects determine the first phase of tooth movement. In the second phase hyalinisation occurs in almost all cases. Elimination of the hyalinised tissue is associated with undermining bone resorption. Next, 'real' tooth movement starts. At the pressure side the normal structure of the periodontal ligament is destroyed and so is the tooth attachment. At the tension side deposition of trabecular bone is found and the tooth attachment remains. The regulation of these processes is still not completely understood, but cytokines and growth factors play an important role. The biological system does not react according to a simple dose-response relation and large individual differences in susceptibility of the system exist.
Orthodontic tooth movement always follows the same pattern. Four phases can be distinguished. During the last phase, the linear phase, the tooth moves through the alveolar bone. One could assume that the rate of tooth displacement is related to the magnitude of the force or to the pressure in the periodontal ligament. No consensus exists on the optimal pressure for orthodontic tooth movement. In literature pressures are advocated, ranging from 2 to 30 KPa. Animal experiments show that a large range of force magnitudes results in an equal rate of tooth movement. A dose-response relation is only feasible when forces are used which are far below those used in an everyday practice.
A variety of dental findings may present in the second premolar region. This is a report of the management of two patients who presented with impacted premolars. "Fives do fight for their lives".
The behaviour of interdental gaps is checked during the milk teeth period on denture models of 33 regular gap milk dentures and 49 milk dentures with protrusion of the upper incisivi. A "physiological gap" could be found in only 2.3% of cases.
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Transmigration of mandibular canine is a rare elusive phenomenon described in dental literature. The eruption of such transmigrated canines is even rarer. Two rare cases one of midline mandibular canine and the other of transmigrated mandibular canine across the midline and erupted distal to the opposite lateral incisor are presented. The transmigrated canine maintained its nerve supply from the original site. It is suggested that on routine evaluation of orthopantomograms when the dentist finds an excessive mesial inclination of the unerupted mandibular canine at 8-9 years associated with proclination of lower anteriors. increased axial inclination of the unerupted canine and an enlarged symphyseal cross section area of the chin, it is best to keep such a patient under routine evaluation.
The frequency of alveolar bone loss adjacent to extensive proximal caries, and the effect of dental restorations on alveolar bone loss and healthy alveolar bone were examined in human primary molars. Proximal caries, contact loss, mesial drift and the presence of alveolar bone loss were recorded from 190 bite-wing radiographs from 60 boys and 46 girls. Proximal caries was evident in 297 quadrants. In 63.0% of quadrants, both primary molars had proximal caries. Contact loss was evident in 38.4% of the quadrants with proximal caries. Bone loss was found in 12.1% of the quadrants with proximal caries or 31.6% of those with contact loss. Analysis of variance for the presence of bone loss indicated statistically significant values (P less than 0.05) for one or two teeth with caries by quadrant, the presence or absence of contact loss, and age. A second examination was available for 41 children. Among these, eight out of the 36 bone defects disclosed at the first examination were present. At the second examination, after tooth restoration, healing of five bone defects was evident. These findings indicate a connection between the presence and treatment of extensive proximal caries and alveolar bone health in the primary dentition.
A rare dental anomaly--transmigration is presented in a 12-year-old female Nigerian who was referred for orthodontic assessment. A right mandibular canine was found completely located in the left side of the body of the mandible having moved ectopically and progressively from its normal developmental site through the symphysis of the mandible. The importance of the radiological diagnosis with the use of panoramic radiograph is highlighted and the management briefly discussed.