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PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytogenetic activity of testosterone propionate and methyltestosterone in a culture of lymphocytes of healthy women and women suffering from hyperandrogenism].

To discover the effects of various concentrations of androgenic preparations on lymphocyte cultures from healthy women (group 1) and of women with hyperandrogenism (group 2), a total of 6792 metaphases were examined after peripheral blood lymphocyte culturing after Hangerford. The data indicated a relatively high incidence of aberrant metaphases, total number of ruptures and paired ruptures in the second group, a higher cytogenetic activity of testosterone propionate in both groups, and a higher cytogenetic activity of androgenic hormones in the second group. Bearing in mind a similar, if not higher, activity of endogenic testosterone in a female organism, we must admit a high probability of genetic system involvement in women suffering from hyperandrogenism.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effects of testosterone propionate and methenolone enanthate on the healing of humeral osteotomies in the Wistar rat.

A randomized blind prospective study was carried out to determine if an anabolic androgenic steroid with a high anabolic/androgenic ratio, Group A, (1/0.05) methenolone enanthate (me), compared to an anabolic/androgenic agent with a low anabolic/androgenic ratio, Group B, (1.0/1.0) testosterone propionate (tp), compared to a control, Group C, cottonseed oil (co), affected midhumeral osteotomy healing in 100 two-month-old female Wistar rats. The rats received 4 mg/kg me, 4 mg/kg te, and equal volumes of co weekly. The rats were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The entire humerus with the healing osteotomy was carefully dissected until all soft tissue attachments were stripped. The healing callus was then subjected to (1) biochemical analysis (hexosamine, hydroxyproline, and calcium), (2) biomechanical testing (progressive distraction of the callus at 1 mm/min on an electrohydraulic materials test system, model 1331, Instron Corp, Canton, MA, and (3) histology. Results of the biochemical testing demonstrated that the percentage of calcium in the healing callus at 2 weeks in group B (tp) was 7.3 +/- 1.0, and this value was greater than that in group C (co), 4.8 +/- 1.6 (p greater than .01), and greater than that in group A (me), 5.6 +/- 0.6 (p greater than .01). At 4 weeks, the percentage of calcium in the callus in group B (tp) was 6.8 +/- 1.9, in group A (me) 7.3 +/- 3.7, and these values were both greater than that in group C (co), 3.9 +/- 2.2 (p greater than .02 and .01, respectively). At 6 weeks the percentage of calcium in the callus in group B (tp) was 11.7 +/- 3.9 and in group A (me) 12.7 +/- 3.9, and again these values were both greater than that in group C (co), 6.7 +/- 2.6 (p greater than .02 and .01, respectively). The remainder of the biochemical analysis, hexosamine and hydroxyproline content, did not show a statistical difference in groups A, B, and C at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The biomechanical studies and histology also failed to show statistical differences between the three groups at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The conclusion of this study is that an agent with a low androgenic activity does not increase calcium callus concentrations early in the course of fracture healing compared to an agent with higher androgenic activity. As healing progresses, both agents increase the concentration of calcium in osteotomy healing. The clinical significance of this study is that agents with low androgenic activities favorably influence osteotomy healing and may be clinically useful because they lack unwanted virilizing activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lordosis behavior and mounting behavior in male rats: effects of castration and treatment with estradiol benzoate or testosterone propionate.

Male rats were selected for showing or not showing lordosis in response to manual stimulation. They were subsequently tested for mounting behavior with receptive females and for lordosis behavior in response to manual stimulation and to male mounting. Males showing lordosis as intacts displayed this behavior more readily following castration or castration and treatment with estradiol benzoate or testosterone propionate than males which did not show lordosis before castration. No group differences in mounting behavior could be detected under any of the endocrine conditions studied. It is suggested that the neural mechanisms mediated mounting and lordosis are dissociated and that individual differences in the occurrence of lordosis in male rats are due to differences in neural sensitivity to estrogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of oestradiol dipropionate and testosterone propionate on protein, RNA and DNA contents and RNase and DNase activity in the liver of the toad (Bufo melanosticus).

A single injection of oestradiol dipropionate increased the HSI and protein, RNA and DNA contents and decreased the RNase and DNase activities of the liver of male and female toads. The minimum effective dose of oestrogen required to induce most of these changes was found to be 1 microgram/g (single injection), but the liver RNA content increased at the dose of 0.5 microgram/g. Oestrogen in a dose of 0.1 microgram/g did not cause any of these changes in male and female toads. Testosterone propionate (0.1, 0.5, 1 or 2 micrograms/g, single injection) was mostly ineffective in these respects, while in male toads higher doses of testosterone (1 and 2 micrograms/g) enhanced the liver RNA content only. The oestrogenic responses occurred earlier in female toads than in males. The liver protein and DNA contents increased from the 3rd day in female and on the 5th day in male toads. The liver RNA reached the higher level from the 2nd day in female and from the 3rd day in male. The RNase and DNase activities were reduced from the 2nd and 3rd day, respectively, in female and on the 5th day in male toads.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Induction of dorsolateral prostate adenocarcinomas and other accessory sex gland lesions in male Wistar rats by a single administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, and 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl after sequential treatment with cyproterone acetate and testosterone propionate.

Groups of 20-25 male Wistar rats (Cpb:WU), nine groups of 4-week-old rats, and nine groups of 8-week-old rats, were given cyproterone acetate (CA) s.c. or by gavage daily for 18 days at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. Directly following CA treatment, the rats received 3 daily s.c. injections with testosterone propionate (TP) at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day. On the day after the last TP administration, a single dose of one of the following carcinogens was given to 3 groups: N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), 50 mg/kg i.v.; 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, 30 mg/kg i.v.; 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, 250 mg/kg s.c. Three other groups received the same carcinogen treatments after 7 days of recovery from the CA administration. The last 3 groups received carcinogen without TP treatment, but immediately after CA pretreatment was stopped. A 25% incidence of invasively growing, metastasizing adenocarcinomas was found in the dorsolateral prostate region of 8-week-old rats that had received MNU after treatment with CA plus TP. In addition, this group had a 5% incidence of carcinoma in situ and a 5% incidence of atypical hyperplasia in the dorsolateral prostate. Lower incidences of adenocarcinoma of the dorsolateral prostate region and of carcinoma in situ and atypical hyperplasia of the dorsolateral prostate were found in other groups that were treated with MNU or 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene after pretreatment with CA, followed by TP or recovery, but never in rats that had been treated with CA only. In the groups treated with 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl, which is slowly metabolized, these lesions were also found in groups that were pretreated with only CA. The carcinomas seemed to originate from the dorsolateral prostate and their average latency time was approximately 61 weeks. The 8-week-old rat given a MNU injection after sequential treatment with CA and TP may provide a relevant animal model for human prostatic cancer.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1997

Decrease of prostaglandin E2 and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling but not prostate tumor development by indomethacin treatment of rats given 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl and testosterone propionate.

The modifying effects of indomethacin (IM) on rat prostate carcinogenesis induced by 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) were investigated. F344 rats were given 50 mg/kg body weight of DMAB at 2-week intervals for 20 weeks and then received IM at a dose of 20 ppm in the drinking water for 37 weeks. Separate groups additionally received testosterone propionate (TP) in Silastic tubes throughout the experiment. DMAB alone induced carcinomas in situ in the ventral lobe and in combination with TP caused invasive carcinomas of the dorso-lateral and anterior lobes and seminal vesicles. No clear suppression by IM of development of in situ carcinomas or invasive carcinomas was observed. In a short-term satellite experiment, it was revealed that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the dorso-lateral prostate and seminal vesicles, but not the ventral prostate, were significantly reduced by IM and that TP itself also suppressed PGE2 levels. The 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling index in the ventral prostate was significantly decreased by IM administration. These results indicate that while IM can efficiently suppress tissue PGE2 levels, it does not inhibit tumor development in the prostate or seminal vesicles of rats in the present model.

Aminobiphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1973

Adrenal microsomal C19-steroid 5alpha-reductase activity in the Snell transplantable rat adrenocortical tumour 494 and the effect of oestradiol, testosterone propionate and adrenocorticotrophin in intact and gonadectomized rats.

The C(19)-steroid 5alpha-reductase activity in the microsomal fraction of rat adrenal tissue under various hormonal treatments was examined. In intact control rats the activity is similar in both males and females, and after gonadectomy it is markedly increased. Treatment with oestradiol (150mug/day per animal for 7 days) or testosterone propionate (2mg/day per animal for 7 days) lowered the activity of 5alpha-reductase in castrated animals to approximately the values for intact animals in both sexes, and in intact animals the activity was also decreased by these treatments. The enzyme activity was also decreased by adrenocorticotrophin treatment but to a lesser extent than by the steroid hormones. The activity of the 5alpha-reductase enzyme in the Snell adrenocortical tumour 494 is very low when incubated as a whole homogenate, but the activity in microsomal material of the tumour was measured and unexpectedly found to be similar to that in intact controls.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

Reversible interruption of gap junctional communication by testosterone propionate in cultured Sertoli cells and cardiac myocytes.

A direct cell-to-cell exchange of ions and molecules occurs through specialized membrane channels built by the interaction of two half channels, termed connexons, contributed by each of the two adjacent cells. The electrical and diffusional couplings have been investigated by monitoring respectively the cell-to-cell conductance and the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, in Sertoli and cardiac cells of young rat. In both cell types, a rapid impairment of the intercellular coupling has been observed in the presence of testosterone propionate. This interruption of the cell-to-cell communication through gap junction channels was dose-dependent, observed in the concentration range 1 to 25 microM and was progressively reversed after withdrawing the testosterone ester. Pretreatment with cyproterone acetate, an antiandrogen which blocks the nuclear testosterone receptor by binding, did not prevent the uncoupling action of the androgen ester. This observation, together with the rapid time course of the uncoupling and recoupling, and the rather high effective concentration (micromolar) of the steroid compound, suggests a nongenomic mechanism of action. The uncoupling concentrations were very similar to those of other steroid compounds known to interrupt gap junctional communication. The uncoupling could result from a direct interaction of the steroid with the proteolipidic structure of the membrane, that might alter the conformation of the gap junction channels and their functional state.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Carcinogenicity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) in the rat prostate and induction of invasive carcinomas by subsequent treatment with testosterone propionate.

2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) at 400 ppm in the diet for 52 weeks was found to induce non-invasive microscopic carcinomas in the ventral prostate of the treated rats, in addition to colon and mammary carcinomas. The current experimental data demonstrate that only a 20-week period of PhIP treatment is sufficient for induction of ventral carcinomas and that long-term pharmacological dosing with testosterone propionate which applied through a Silastic tube embedded in the subcutis after PhIP treatment can induce invasive carcinomas in the anterior prostate and seminal vesicles. Thus, PhIP may provide the basis for a good two stage carcinogenesis model for investigation of prostate carcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Fffects of testosterone propionate on neonatal and prepuberal development of os penis in male rats.

Osteogenesis in the penial bone was observed in male rat: immature stromal cells of mesenchymal origin appeared in the penis on the 21st day of fetal age and developed to form mature bony structure with the bonemarrow on or before day 7 after birth; the bone was 1.41 +/- 0.12 mm in length. Neonatal castration caused maldevelopment of the penial bone, while prepuberal treatment with testosterone propionate stimulated the bony growth in castrated immature rat. These results suggest that the stromal cells in penile part of newborn male rats have already been destinated to develop into os penis by fetal exposure to androgen and they do not require androgens for further differentiation but for the bony growth after birth.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Sexual behaviour of ewes with clover disease treated repeatedly with oestradiol benzoate or testosterone propionate after ovariectomy.

Ovariectomized ewes, 14 with permanent clover disease infertility (affected ewes) and 14 controls, were injected daily with 40 micrograms oestradiol benzoate for 12 days, and run with 2 rams fitted with marking crayons. The control ewes were mated sooner (P less than 0.05) but both groups became refractory at a similar rate. In a second experiment, 20 similar affected ewes and 19 controls were injected daily with 5 mg testosterone propionate for 31 days and observed daily for 50 min with rams. Affected ewes again were slower to show female behaviour (P less than 0.05) but faster (P less than 0.05) to show aggression against the rams and other ewes. Over the 31 days, the incidence of female sexual behaviour declined at a similar rate in affected and control ewes. When examined in individual pen tests with oestrous ewes on Day 28, affected ewes showed more male-like courting behaviour than did controls (P less than 0.05). The changes in behaviour are too slight to account for the infertility but they do support the hypothesis that phyto-oestrogens can act on the ewe by some of the pathways of sexual differentiation, even after puberty.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of systemic and topical application of testosterone propionate on the density of epidermal Langerhans cells in the mouse.

Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) are bone marrow-derived immune cells in the epidermis. Recently, we reported that adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)-positive LC density in the hind-limb skin of male mice was lower than that of female and that orchiectomy resulted in an increase in LC density, though ovariectomy had no significant effect. To further investigate the control mechanisms of sex differences in LC density, the effect of systemic and topical application of testosterone propionate (TP) on LC density was examined in C57BL/6 mice. Subcutaneous injections of TP 5.8 X 10(-8) mol (20 micrograms)/day/mouse for 14 d resulted in a significant decrease in LC density both in orchiectomized males and normal females, and such an effect was also observed in adrenalectomized mice, suggesting that this effect of TP is not indirectly mediated by glucocorticosteroids. TP was also effective when applied as an ointment (1% or 5%) to the right hind-limb skin of both orchiectomized males and normal females for 14 d; namely, the LC density of the right hind-limb was lower than that of the left. Beta-estradiol and progesterone 5.8 X 10(-8) mol/day/mouse had no significant effect on LC density when systemically applied for 14 d to normal males and females. These results suggest that sex differences in LC density may result from higher concentrations of testosterone or its metabolites in males, and that the function of testosterone may be local.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1999

Development of androgen-independent carcinomas from androgen-dependent preneoplastic lesions in the male accessory sex organs of rats treated with 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl and testosterone propionate.

Two kinds of cancer can be induced in rat male accessory sex organs, one a non-invasive carcinoma arising in the ventral lobe and the other an invasive lesion which develops in the dorsolateral and anterior lobe as well as the seminal vesicles. In the present study, one group of male rats were given biweekly s.c. injections of 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) for 20 weeks for induction of non-invasive carcinomas and the other group received DMAB with 40-week testosterone propionate for induction of invasive carcinomas. Half of the animals in each group were then subjected to bilateral orchiectomy at week 41 to remove testicular androgen, in order to examine the androgen dependence of both types of carcinomas as well as precancerous lesions. Animals were killed at weeks 41, 46 and 60. All parts of the prostate complex showed involution and significant weight reduction after castration, with a complete disappearance of atypical hyperplasias and carcinomas of the ventral prostate. However, in spite of suppression of development of atypical hyperplasias in the anterior prostate and seminal vesicles, the incidence of invasive carcinomas was not changed. Normal epithelial cells and atypical hyperplasias of all parts of the prostate and seminal vesicles and carcinomas of the ventral prostate were immunohistochemically positive for nuclear androgen receptor, while invasive carcinomas that developed in either castrated or non-castrated animals were negative. These findings suggest that in the ventral prostate, both precancerous and cancerous lesions are androgen-dependent, but in the anterior and seminal vesicles, cancerous lesions (invasive carcinomas) are androgen-independent while precancerous lesions are hormone-dependent.

Aminobiphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1978

[Microphotometric study of the activity of oxidative enzymes in the endometrial epithelium of rats following ovariectomy and administration of testosterone propionate].

A method of comparative microphotometry was applied to the study of the oxidative enzymes in the epithelial lining of the uterine cavity and the glandular epithelium of the ovariectomized rats during the climacteric disturbances. There was an increase in the activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphoric dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and a fall of the succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases activity in the cells of the epithelial lining the uterine cavity. The glandular epithelium displayed an elevation of the LDH activity and a sharp fall of the SDH, NAD- and NADP-disphorases activity. Administration of testosterone-propionate caused an marked elevation of the activity of the oxidative enzymes in the epithelium of the rat endometrium in comparison with level of their activity in control animals and rats given no hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Role of testosterone propionate and insulin in the regeneration and growth of bone].

In order to clarify the effects of androgens and insulin (Ins) on the growth and regeneration of bone in growing rats, and to examine the interaction of the two hormones on the bone growth and regeneration, I carried out both in vivo and in vitro experiments using male rats and clonal osteoblastic cells, respectively. In vivo: 1) Three week-old male rats were castrated, and one week after the castration two holes were drilled into their calvariae, followed by subcutaneous administration of 2 mg/kg of testosterone propionate (TP) and/or 20 mg/kg of cyproterone acetate (CPA). After the daily administration of the drugs for two weeks, the calvariae containing wound holes were isolated, and a soft X-ray photograph was taken. The area of the hole in the X-ray film was measured. The calcium (Ca) and the hydroxyproline (HP) contents and alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity in the wound and non-wound portions of the calvariae were also determined. 2) Streptozotocin (STZ, 80 mg/kg) was administered intravenously to immature male rats (25-day-old); and three days after the administration, wound holes were made in their calvariae. Ins (10 units/kg) and/or TP (2 mg/kg) were/was administered daily for two weeks starting two weeks after the operation. The length and weight of the femur, and the area of the hole of the calvariae seen in a soft X-ray photograph were measured. The Ca and HP contents in the wound portion, and serum Ca and phosphate (P) levels and ALPase activity were also determined. In vitro: Mouse clonal osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) were incubated in alpha-MEM mudium containing 10% FBS or 0.1% BSA with or without 10(-9)-10(-6) M TP and/or 10(-9)-10(-6) M Ins, the number of cells was counted, and [3H] thymidine incorporation into the cells was assayed for assessment of DNA synthesis. ALPase activity of the cells was also assayed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The reduction in the wound-hole area was significantly delayed after the castration and was accelerated by TP. This effect of TP was inhibited about 60% by the simultaneous administration of CPA, though this inhibition was not statistically significant. 2. The reduction in HP content of the wound portion by castration was inhibited by TP, and this effect was antagonized by CPA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Effects of testosterone propionate upon the sexual and aggressive behavior of adult male marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) castrated as neonates.

In New World monkeys of the family Callitrichidae (marmosets and tamarins), females frequently give birth to dizygotic twins. Twins share a placental circulation throughout fetal development and are hemopoietic chimeras. Despite this, there is no masculinization (freemartinism) in females which develop next to a male co-twin. It has been suggested that the organizing effects of testicular androgen upon sexual differentiation of the brain occur mainly during early postnatal development in male callitrichids, rather than in utero. However, this report demonstrates activation of masculine copulatory behavior by testosterone propionate (TP) administered to adult male marmosets (N = 8) which were castrated in infancy (between Days 1-7). Effects of neonatal castration upon aggressive behavior during pair tests with females (high frequencies of aggression) and intact adult males (low frequencies of aggression) were also reversed by TP treatment in adulthood. While early postnatal androgen secretion plays an important role in behavioral development in marmosets, it appears that a substantial degree of neural sexual differentiation occurs in utero in males of this callitrichid species.

Aggression↗