Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “THYROID GLAND”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Possibilities of investigation of the tissues extracts using method of the laser correlative spectroscopy in differential diagnosis of the thyroid gland cancer and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis].

The results of investigation of the intraoperatively excised tissues extracts using method of the laser correlative spectroscopy were analyzed. Application of laser correlative spectroscopy permit to differentiate the thyroid gland cancer and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in 82% of observations.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Quality assurance study in thyroid gland surgery. Initial comparative intermediate -term results for benign thyroid gland surgery]].

In 1998 the East German Association for Quality Securing of Surgery performed a study to evaluate the standard of performance of surgical treatment for benign goiter. In total, 46 hospitals participated and 6,029 operations could be analysed. The documentation was based on a detailed registration sheet and recorded items of preoperative complaints, diagnostic procedures, intraoperative findings with operative strategy, postoperative complications and definitive histology. All hospitals were divided into three groups regarding their number of surgical performances for benign goiter (< 50 operations, 50-150 operations, > 150 operations) to assess their training and expertise. Indications for surgical treatment were similar in all three groups with 78% for multinodular goiter and 19% for uninodular goiter. There was no statistical difference in distribution for M. Basedow, recurrent goiter or thyroid carcinoma. Hospitals with more than 150 operations per year for benign goiter performed statistical significant more extended procedures with routinely preparation of the laryngeal recurrent nerve and parathyroid glands. There was no statistical significant difference regarding postoperative complications. Because of the not finished check up (follow up 6 months postoperative), results for temporary nerve palsies (3.9%) and temporary hypoparathyroidism (6.3%) could only be stated.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1985

Human T-cell clones from autoimmune thyroid glands: specific recognition of autologous thyroid cells.

The thyroid glands of patients with autoimmune diseases such as Graves' disease and certain forms of goiter contain infiltrating activated T lymphocytes and, unlike cells of normal glands, the epithelial follicular cells strongly express histocompatibility antigens of the HLA-DR type. In a study of such autoimmune disorders, the infiltrating T cells from the thyroid glands of two patients with Graves' disease were cloned in mitogen-free interleukin-2 (T-cell growth factor). The clones were expanded and their specificity was tested. Three types of clones were found. One group, of T4 phenotype, specifically recognized autologous thyroid cells. Another, also of T4 phenotype, recognized autologous thyroid or blood cells and thus responded positively in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction. Other clones derived from cells that were activated in vivo were of no known specificity. These clones provide a model of a human autoimmune disease and their analysis should clarify mechanisms of pathogenesis and provide clues to abrogating these undesirable immune responses.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Acute tuberculous abscess of the thyroid gland.

Isolated tuberculous thyroid abscess is an extremely rare form of infection of the thyroid gland. We present a case of a female patient who presented with an acute abscess of thyroid gland associated with pain and fever and without cervical lymphadenopathy. We describe the pathology of the disease and the imaging findings with their differential diagnosis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

[Lymphocytic infiltrations in normal and pathological thyroid glands (so-called focal lymphocytic thyroiditis) (author's transl)].

A series of 1004 goitres removed surgically before (1959) and after (1970, 1975) the introduction of the iodine prophylaxis reveals an impressive increase in lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid gland parenchyma. So-called focal lymphocytic thyroiditis is closely associated with the functional state of the organ. Furthermore, there is an increase in focal thyroiditis, especially in younger persons, after the introduction of iodine prophylaxis. Autoantibodies or clinical signs of inflammation were not found in these cases. Focal lymphocytic thyroiditis is seen as the expression of a regulatory function of the immunological system over the thyroid gland.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1991

Muscarinic modulation of the vasodilatory effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide at the rat thyroid gland.

In the thyroid gland, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and acetylcholine (ACh) are found in nerve fibers associated with secretory cells and blood vessels. We have, therefore, initiated studies to explore the actions of and interactions between cholinergic agents and VIP in the regulation of thyroid vascular conductance (VC). Thyroid and other organ blood flows were measured using radiolabelled (141Ce) microspheres injected directly into the left cardiac ventricle of anesthetized male rats. The mean systemic arterial pressure was monitored and used in the calculation of organ VC (blood flow/arterial pressure). Plasma TSH, T3, and T4 levels before and after infusions were measured by RIA. The acute administration of ACh (3 x 10(-8) mol/100 g BW) over 4 min increased thyroid VC, whereas nicotine (10(-7) mol/100 g BW) had no such effect. Circulating TSH and thyroid-hormone levels following ACh or nicotine were not different from those in vehicle-treated animals at 20 min or 2 h after infusion. This observation suggested that ACh acts through muscarinic receptors at the thyroid gland to increase VC. In order to extend these observations and to evaluate whether VIP might exert any of its thyroidal effects on VC via muscarinic receptors, we assessed the effects of ACh, methacholine chloride (MCC), and VIP in the presence and absence of the muscarinic receptor blocker atropine. Rats were treated intravenously with saline or atropine (3 mg/kg) 20 min before intravenous infusions of vehicle, ACh (3 x 10(-8) mol/100 g BW), MCC (5 x 10(-9) mol/100 g BW), or VIP (10(-11) mol/100 g BW).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1984

A combination of necrosis of autologous thyroid gland and injection of lipopolysaccharide induces autoimmune thyroiditis.

Autoimmune thyroiditis was induced in CBA/J female mice by a newly developed method consisting of intraperitoneal implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland with subsequent intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The best timing for intravenous injection of LPS after intraperitoneal implantation of the thyroid tissue was 6 hr. Intraperitoneal injection of serum (but not spleen cells) taken from the mice which received implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland alone, with simultaneous intravenous injection of LPS, induced autoimmune thyroiditis in the normal syngeneic mice. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of the medium in which one whole syngeneic thyroid gland was incubated at 37 degrees C for 10 hr, with simultaneous intravenous injection of LPS, also induced autoimmune thyroiditis in the normal syngeneic mice. Instead of intraperitoneal implantation of one whole syngeneic thyroid gland, implantation of either one lobe of autologous thyroid under the capsule of the kidney, with subsequent intravenous injection of LPS induced autoimmune thyroiditis in both intact and implanted thyroids. It is suggested that combined effects of leakage of tissue antigen originating from the necrotized tissue into the circulation and polyclonal activation by subsequent injection of LPS induced an autoimmune response.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of thyroid gland cancer in various thyroid diseases in the endocrine surgery department].

Clinical investigations were carried out in the endocrine surgery department. Of 1127 patients with different pathology of the thyroid gland operated on carcinoma was revealed in 179 cases (15.88%). Of this number 14 patients were operated on for clinically manifest carcinoma and its relapse, and in 165 cases carcinoma was revealed during the operation and after it. Among 609 patients operated on for euthyroid goiter carcinoma was revealed in 116 (19.04%). In solitary nodes (450 cases) its incidence constituted 21.77%, in mixed goiter (123 patients)--10.56%, and in autoimmune thyroiditis (101 cases)--15.84%. Of 394 patients with toxic goiter operated on carcinoma was revealed in 33 (8.37%). Of 287 patients with diffuse toxic goiter operated on--in 17 (5.92%) patients. The results obtained suggest an oncological risk in such pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Protirelin (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) in thyroid gland: possible involvement in regulation of thyroid status.

AIM: To establish the presence of the hypothalamic hormone protirelin (thyrotropin-releasing hormone, TRH) in human thyroid and to investigate whether the concentration of this peptide in the thyroid gland is sensitive to thyroid status. METHODS: A procedure has been developed for the determination of TRH in the thyroid gland, distinct from TRH-like peptides which also react with TRH-antibody. RESULTS: Human thyroid was shown to contain both authentic TRH and TRH-like peptides, a similar pattern was seen in a range of animal thyroids. The concentrations of TRH in non-active goiter thyroids were substantial (41.6-248 pmol.g-1); in contrast the thyroids from hyperthyroid patients contained very little TRH (0.01-2.52 pmol.g-1). CONCLUSION: The physiologic role of TRH in the thyroid is not known but the large difference between the concentrations of this hormone in non-active and hyperactive thyroids suggests that thyroidal TRH may be involved in the regulation of thyroid status.

Goiter↗