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Results for “THORIUM DIOXIDE”

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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Phagosome-lysosome fusion. Characterization of intracellular membrane fusion in mouse macrophages.

Several approaches have been used to study the determinants of phagosome-lysosome fusion in intact mouse macrophages. Lysosomes were labeled with the fluorescent vital dye acridine orange and the rate and extent of their fusion with yeast-containing phagosomes was monitored by fluorescence microscopy. Fusion was also assayed by electron microscopy, using horseradish peroxidase or thorium dioxide as a marker for secondary lysosomes. Good agreemen samples with an enzymatic marker, and thorium dioxide-labeled samples evaluated by stereology. The rate of usion as assayed by fluorescence was not affected by the number of particles ingested, serum concentration, or prior uptake of digestible or nondigestible substances. With this assay it was possible to observe the rate of fusion separate from and uninfluenced by the phagocytic rate. Both the rate and extent of fusion were dramatically increased after several days in culture and similar changes were found by use of the EM assays. Fusion was strongly affected by incubation temperature, having a Q10 of 2.5 No detectable fusion occurred below 15 degrees C, and this inhibition was rapidly reversed when cells were returned to 37 degrees C.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1988

Renal thorium deposition associated with transitional cell carcinoma: radiologic demonstration in two patients.

Abdominal radiography, excretory urography, retrograde pyelography, and computed tomography were performed in two patients who had undergone retrograde pyelography with thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) approximately 40 years ago. Both patients developed a transitional cell carcinoma due to suburothelial thorium deposition. Typical thorium densities were demonstrated at CT in the peripelvicalyceal area as well as in retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Elderly patients in whom radiographic examination reveals retained Thorotrast in the kidney should be followed up because of the high risk of renal carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma after cholangiography with thorotrast.

Reported is a 59-year-old patient, who died of a peritoneal mesothelioma 36 years after contamination with thorotrast of the peritoneal cavity during cholangiography at cholecystectomy. Eleven years before death, the right kidney had to be removed for hydronephrosis due to fibrous stenosis of the pyeloureteral junction, because of thorium dioxide deposits.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1983

Thorotrast granuloma of the neck with local complications.

A case of cervical granuloma with involvement of the right vocal cord is reported. The cause of the granuloma was traced to thorium dioxide contrast medium which had escaped into the surrounding tissues during arteriography performed 40 years before. The long-term toxic effects of thorium-232 irradiation and the local complications which may follow an injection of this medium are discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Induced by thorium.

Thorium dioxide is a deleterious substance that was employed as a vascular contrast medium during the early 20th century. Our report entails a unique neoplastic complication of thorium administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Rapid identification of correctly located intracerebroventricular cannula in the rat.

We describe a radiographic technique to identify a correctly located cannula in the ventricular system of the rat brain during life. A suspension of thorium dioxide was infused into the left lateral ventricle through a cannula placed in the brain under stereotaxic guidance. Correctly located injections were identified by the presence of a distinct thorium shadow on lateral X-ray of the in situ brain. When 6-hydroxydopamine was co-injected with thorium the resultant depletion of striatal dopamine and the changes in a conditioned avoidance responses were correlated with the degree of spreading of thorium through the ventricular system.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1976

Heterotopic allotransplantation of isolated aortic cells. An electron microscopic study.

Smooth muscle cells were enzymatically isolated from the tunica media of the aorta of 5-day-old rats. Following in vitro exposure to colloidal thorium dioxide particles the cells displayed numerous lysosomes filled with these particles. Intramuscular injection of isolated cells into the tongues of young rats of the same strain, resulted in the formation by both freshly isolated and thorium dioxide-labeled cells of a characteristic tissue similar to that found in the intact aortic wall. Thus, the transplants consisted of typical smooth muscle cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix consisting of a microfibrillar network, patches and fibers of elastin, collagen fibrils and small polygonal granules believed to represent proteoglycans. This system can be used for experimental studies on the production of extracellular matrix components and on other functions of arterial smooth muscle cells growing outside the vascular wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Osteosarcoma associated with Thorotrast administration: report of two cases and literature review.

Two cases of osteosarcoma are described arising in patients who had undergone angiography with Thorotrast during childhood. In both patients, there was radiographic and pathologic evidence of radioactive thorium dioxide deposition in bone as well as throughout the reticuloendothelial system. Thorotrast deposits were demonstrated in the immediate vicinity of the primary tumors by both histology and autoradiography. Previous cases of osteosarcoma associated with Thorotrast administration from the literature are cited, and possible causal relationships are discussed between thorium retention in bone and neoplastic transformation by chronic radiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Thorotrast-associated anemia and bone marrow hypoplasia.

Two patients with chronic anemia and bone marrow hypoplasia secondary to Thorotrast deposition are described. In one case thorium dioxide was identified by histoautoradiography, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray spectrometry.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Thorotrast-associated liver cancer.

Thorotrast-related liver cancer is rare. A case of such cancer is presented. Thorotrast had been used intravenously in 1947, 38 years preceding the detection of cancer. A brief history of the use of colloidal solution of thorium dioxide (thorotrast) as a contrast material is discussed, along with a review of literature. Potential hazards of thorotrast in its carriers and a close follow-up are emphasized.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1975

Hemangiosarcoma of the liver. Spectrum of morphologic changes and clinical findings.

Analysis of four cases of hemangiosarcoma of the liver and review of the literature indicate that these tumors are either predominantly cystic and fairly well differentiated or are more solid and poorly differentiated. Well-differentiated hemangiosarcomas may resemble peliosis hepatis or other benign conditions. The tumor was associated disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis syndrome in one of our cases. One of our patients had received thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) but none seemed to have been exposed to arsenicals or to vinyl chloride.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hyposplenism and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in fulminant pneumococcal sepsis.

A case of pneumococcal sepsis with DIC is reported. The patient had hyposplenism from thorium dioxide administration 23 years previously. Evidences of consumptive coagulopathy were verified by clinical manifestations of shock, generalized petechiae, abnormal hemostatic studies, and autopsy findings. The possible pathogenetic mechanism(s) of DIC in hyposplenism and pneumococcemia are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Glycosaminoglycans (macromolecular sugars) of the rat renal papilla: ultrastructural and cytochemical findings.

Sulfated glycosaminoglycans have been stained at the ultrastructural level in interstitial matrix of the rat renal papilla, using colloidal thorium dioxide at low pH. Concentration of these proteoglycans was maintained during diuresis, and was thought to be greatly diminished during antidiuresis. The possible relation of these findings to the kidney's mechanism for urine concentration and dilution is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

An electron microscopic examination for the presence of acid groups in the organic matrix of mineralization nodules in foetal bone.

Several biochemical and histochemical investigations of the role of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in bone and cartilage mineralization have been performed, but the exact relationship between GAG and mineralization is not clear. We performed an electron microscopic histochemical study of the composition of organic bone matrix at sites of beginning mineralization in mouse foetal radii, directing special attention to the presence and location of GAG. To demonstrate these substances, use was made of positive colloidal thorium dioxide and ruthenium red. The results demonstrate the presence of material containing acid groups in the young mineralization nodules. It is concluded that part of the demonstrated acid groups might be sulphate groups of glycosaminoglycans.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Abdominal pain: do not forget Thorotrast!

The use of Thorotrast (25% thorium dioxide), a radiologic contrast agent used up until the mid-1950s, was associated with a wide range of malignancies, mainly of hepatic origin. We report a case of Thorotrast-induced hepatocarcinoma in an 82-year-old woman.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Thorotrast deposits in the RES of the liver and spleen--a rare but characteristic roentgen diagnosis].

Finely reticulated or granulated shadows of liver and spleen, as well as metal-dense shadows of abdominal lymph nodes are characteristic roentgen findings in thorotrastosis. Thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) was used as a contrast medium from 1930-1950. It yielded excellent contrast and was well tolerated, but due to its radioactivity and its long biological half-life it caused manifold late complications. The typical roentgen findings in thorotrastosis are illustrated by two cases; the importance of thorotrastosis is discussed on the basis of relevant literature.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

Late effects of perivascular injection of Thorotrast in the neck.

Two cases of late sequelae of accidental perivascular injection of Thorotrast (thorium dioxide) during carotid arteriography are presented. The complaints of the patients and the clinical findings are due to topical granulomatous and fibrous reactions with compression of the carotid artery and cranial nerves, and influence upon larynx and trachea. For future decades it will still be necessary to be aware of this possible cause of neck tumours with oto-laryngeal and neurological symptoms.

Carotid Arteries↗