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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic and hydrostatic pressures in subcutaneous tissue of patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Colloid osmotic pressure in plasma (IIp) and in interstitial fluid from subcutaneous tissue (IIi) was measured in 13 patients with nephrotic syndrome and in 20 healthy volunteers. Interstitial fluid was sampled by nylon wicks, and interstitial fluid pressure was measured by the 'wick-in-needle' technique. In the persons with normal plasma proteins we found a mean IIp of 26.9 mmHg, a mean IIi of 15.8 mmHg on the thorax, and a mean IIi of 11.1 mmHg on the lower leg. A fall of IIp from normal values to 16.5 mmHg caused a fall in IIi of about 8 mmHg on the thorax and about 7 mmHg on the leg without oedema formation. In patients with IIp from 16.0 mmHg down to 8.0 mmHg, IIi did not change very much, and was about 5.5 mmHg on the thorax and 2.6 mmHg on the leg. These results support the view that reduction of IIi plays an important role as an oedema preventing factor in patients with hypoproteinaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Protein concentration in interstitial and lymphatic fluids from the subcutaneous tissue.

The protein content of interstitial fluid and lymph from the same tissue was determined fluid samples of nanolitre volumes being taken from the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits by micropuncture. In the same area lymph was collected from lymphatic vessels of 30-100 mum. An electrophoretic technique in polyacrylamide gels in glass capillaries was used for the analysis of proteins. The gels were stained and then scanned on a microscope equipped with a moving table and photomultiplier. The area under each protein band was calculated from the recorded densitograms. The method required only a few nanolitres of fluid for analysis. Using solutions of known protein concentrations the relationship between the amount of protein and the area under the densitogram band was investigated. This relationship was found to be linear, making it possible to quantify the protein content of both interstitial fluid and lymph samples. The interstitial fluid/plasma concentration ratios for albumin, transferrin, globulins and total proteins were 0.42, 0.42, 0.32 and 0.37. The albumin/globulin ratio in interstitial fluid was found to be 1.60 of the plasma value although the values obtained for lymph were similar to those found for interstitial fluid. The similarity between the protein concentration of interstitial fluid and lymph indicated that the endothelial lining of the terminal lymphatics did not restrict the passage of macromolecules into the lymphatics.

Albumins↗
PubMed2005

Two cases of angiomyxolipoma (vascular myxolipoma) of subcutaneous tissue.

Angiomyxolipoma (vascular myxolipoma) is a recently described rare variant of lipoma, four cases of which have been reported to date. Microscopically, the lesion consists of adipose tissue without lipoblasts, extensive myxoid areas, and numerous blood vessels. The main differential diagnosis of this lesion is myxoid liposarcoma, and other adipocytic lesions such as myxolipoma, myxoid spindle cell lipoma should be included. We report two cases of angiomyxolipoma located in the subcutaneous tissue of the forearm and the wrist.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Intracellular and extracellular transport of perfluoro carbon emulsion from subcutaneous tissue to regional lymphatics.

The aim of this study was to examine the transport mechanism of colloidal particles from subcutaneous tissue to lymphatics. The mechanism of lymph transport was studied in leg prenodal lymphatics of anesthetized rabbits using Imagent LN (60% W/V perfluorooctyl bromide [PFOB] emulsion). Extracellular (dispersed particles) and intracellular (phagocytosed particles by macrophages) PFOB transport was measured in lymph fluid after 0.1ml injection of fluorescently labeled PFOB emulsion into the dorsal skin of the rabbits' foot. Samples were collected from cannulated lower leg prenodal lymphatics. Particles of PFOB emulsion were observed by using a fluorescent technique. The foot/leg were moved passively in a rotary direction at 0.3Hz. Extracellular and intracellular PFOB could be determined in the lymph samples. These findings indicate that both intracellular and extracellular transport mechanisms play a role in the uptake of colloidal particles from interstitial tissue to lymphatics.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

"Thread seal tape" (polytetrafluoroethylene) implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats.

"Thread seal tape" (Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]) was placed in the dorsum of 20 rats for evaluation of the inflammatory reaction to it. The rats were killed 7, 14, 28, and 60 days after the surgical intervention, and the implant samples, together with adjacent tissues, were removed for histologic analysis. At clinical examination, the dorsum of the rat's skin presented no local inflammatory reaction. The histologic analysis showed decreasing inflammatory reaction with time that was almost absent 60 days after surgery. The authors concluded that the "thread seal tape" (PTFE) did not cause an inflammatory reaction when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Anticoagulant-induced necrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues: report of two cases and review of the English literature.

Two cases of necrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissues in patients taking oral anticoagulants are reported, and the English literature is reviewed. The mechanism of coumarin necrosis remains unknown. Most patients are women and the lesions are most common on the abdomen, buttocks, thighs, and breasts. Simple mastectomy is the usual treatment for a breast lesion. Although some cases have been reported in which the skin lesion has healed despite continued anticoagulant therapy, curtailing its use is recommended. Heparin has not been associated with skin necrosis, however, and may be desirable if continued anticoagulant treatment is necessary.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1999

Effect of hyperoxia and hypoxia on subcutaneous tissue gases and pH. An experimental study in pigs.

The effect of different fractions of inspired oxygen on subcutaneous oxygen tension, carbon dioxide tension and pH in relation to arterial and mixed venous blood gases and pH and hemodynamic variables was evaluated in 13 domestic pigs. Subcutaneous, arterial and mixed venous oxygen tensions were closely correlated (r = 0.94). A minor significant increase in subcutaneous carbon dioxide tension was noted during hyperoxia (p < 0.05). A major increase (33%) was noted during the last step of hypoxia, when arterial and mixed venous carbon dioxide tensions increased only 12 and 17%, respectively. A minor decrease in subcutaneous pH was noted during hyperoxia (p < 0.05) and a major decrease during hypoxia (p < 0.05). Measurements of subcutaneous tissue gases and pH are indicators of oxygen utilization during hyper- and hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Use of the microdialysis technique in the monitoring of subcutaneous tissue glucose concentration.

For some time the subcutaneous (s.c.) tissue has been the target for continuous glucose measurement. The microdialysis technique permits an extracellular region approach, which has been used for about two decades for measuring various metabolites in dialysates obtained from different body regions. By connecting a s.c. implanted microdialysis probe to a flow chamber of an amperometric glucose sensor, the procedure of glucose sensing was transferred to ex vivo. Using this device it was possible to obtain, for up to 24 hours, s.c. tissue glucose profiles of healthy and diabetic people. The microdialysis theory, the calibration process and other microdialysis technique applications are discussed in this paper. Although the combination of the microdialysis technique and amperometric glucose sensing requires certain technical equipment, the combination of microdialysis and glucose sensor seems to be a promising approach to a continuously functioning glucose sensing system.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

Effect of "vein pump" activation upon venous pressure and blood flow in human subcutaneous tissue.

The effect of "vein pump" activation upon superficial venous pressure and blood flow in human subcutaneous adipose tissue was studied in 6 normals and 2 patients with venous insufficiency. Blood flow in subcltaneous tissue was measured at the lateral malleolus by the local 133Xenon washout technique, with the subject placed in a supine position. During passive lowering of the leg blood flow decreased 50 per cent and total vascular resistance increased 136 per cent. Activation of the vein pump by continuously tipping the foot up and down caused a decrease in venous pressure of 5 mmHg in horizontal position. Venous pressure increased only by 8 mmHg when the leg was lowered during exercise. In this situation blood flow remained constant corresponding to an increase in vascular resistance of 42 per cent. However increasing venous pressure to 28 mmHg by venous stasis in the lowered leg during exercise caused an additional increase in vascular resistance of 82 per cent. In the patients with venous insufficiency exercise did not prevent the decrease in blood flow during lowering of the leg. Hence venous pressure elevation of 25 mmHg or more caused an additional increase in vascular resistance in subcutaneous tissue, "vasoconstrictor response". It is concluded that this "vasoconstrictor response" depends on a vasoconstrictor impulse transmission from veins to arterioles, veno-artertolar reflex.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1999

[The effect of soft care mattresses on subcutaneous tissue pressure and pO2 over the os sacrum].

In this study the influence of soft-care systems on subcutaneous tissue pressure and pO2 has been examined. In 14 volunteers 3 probes were implanted over the os sacrum for measurement during the 20-minute periods. Then the probands were asked to lie on a standard mattress, on 8 static beds of various kind and on 3 dynamic soft-care systems. The clinical mattress pressure values amounted to 25.5 mm Hg (+/- 5.2; n = 14). The gell-cushion showed increased values (26.9 +/- 9.5 mm Hg; n = 5). Compared to the standard mattress the other systems showed reductions in pressure from 32.7% to 83.1%. The lowest pressure was recorded with an air-supported mattress (8.3 +/- 2.3 mm Hg; n = 5). The pO2 initial values before lying down varied greatly from individual to individual (26.9-71.3 mm Hg). In the course of the 20-minute periods the pO2 value sometimes remained constant, sometimes increased and at other times it decreased. Under extreme conditions (with 8 probands asked to lie on the floor) a correlation (r = -0.787) between pressure and pO2 was observed (pressure values between 20.6 and 192.9 mm Hg). The results indicate the use of modern soft-care systems depending on the individual risk of pressure sores.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Severe prenatal growth retardation, dysmorphic features, pigmentary retinopathy, and generalized absence of subcutaneous tissues: a new entity?

We report a girl with severe prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, congenital generalized absence of subcutaneous tissue, and facial and somatic changes with some similarities to Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome (WRS). However, the patient's condition is sufficiently different from those reported previously to suggest that this patient represents a new syndrome. The abnormalities observed in this patient overlap with those of WRS, Cockayne syndrome, type A (CSA), and osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type III (OPD III), but also include choanal atresia and pigmentary retinopathy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1994

Gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma involving the subcutaneous tissue and associated with a hemophagocytic syndrome.

A case of gamma/delta-positive T-cell lymphoma localized primarily in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and associated with an extensive hemophagocytic syndrome and a rapid, fatal outcome is presented. Previous reports of gamma/delta cutaneous and subcutaneous T-cell lymphomas are reviewed. To define the characteristics of a T-cell subset of neoplastic cells bearing the gamma/delta receptor in a subcutaneous lymphoma, we undertook clinical and laboratory examinations, morphological evaluation of biopsies, electron microscopy, and extensive immunohistochemical studies. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the neoplastic cells expressed the gamma/delta T-cell receptor (CD3+, C gamma M1+) and were CD2+, CD43+, CD45+, CD45RO+, PCNA+, but were beta F1-, CD1-, CD4-, CD8-, CD15-, CD20-, CD25-, CD30-, CD45R-, CD57-, CD68-, Mac 387-, and HLA Dr-. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma of gamma/delta type involving the subcutaneous tissue and associated with a hemophagocytic syndrome.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

Correction of distortion in US images caused by subcutaneous tissues: results in tissue phantoms and human subjects.

PURPOSE: To correct distortion in ultrasonic images caused by refraction at fat-muscle interfaces in the subcutaneous tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A forward-propagation technique was developed that used a priori information of the acoustic properties of the layers. The thickness and shape of these tissues were measured, and a correction was applied for the different velocities in the tissues. A synthetic-aperture scanning technique was used to allow correction to be applied with data obtained in a single scan. The technique was tested in three tissue phantoms with overlying aberrating layers (six images) and in eight volunteer subjects (37 images). The superior mesenteric artery and the aorta were used as test sites within the body, because it is relatively easy to obtain double images of these vessels owing to refraction of the scanning beam by the rectus muscles. RESULTS: Distortions such as double-image artifacts and texture disruption were corrected with use of this technique. Six of the six phantom images and 22 of the 37 images in humans were corrected with use of this technique. CONCLUSION: The forward-propagation technique compensates for refraction at subcutaneous fat-muscle interfaces.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1986

Subcutaneous tissue flaps in the limbs: an anatomical and clinical approach.

We present an anatomical study and clinical applications of a subcutaneous tissue flap in the limbs. This tissue, located between dermis and muscular aponeurosis, is an anatomical entity nourished by a well-developed vascular network. It is used mainly as a local flap able to bear a skin graft. Elastic, resistant, and well padded, it gives good coverage for soft tissue defects while leaving the surrounding skin untouched. In some circumstances, this simple technique can avoid delicate procedures, such as free flaps, or unsightly donor site defects after fasciocutaneous flaps.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Neottialges (Pelecanectes) ibisicola sp. n. (Acari: Hypoderidae) from the subcutaneous tissues of the white-faced ibis, Plegadis chihi (Ciconiiformes: Threskiornithidae).

Neottialges (Pelecanectes) ibisicola sp. n. is described from the subcutaneous tissues of the White-faced Ibis, Plegadis chihi, from west Texas. The new species is similar to N. (P.) plegadicola Fain, but differs from this and other species of the subgenus by idiosomal chaetotaxy, presence of a bifurcate apical extension on Tarsus III, solenidion phi on Tibia I less than 1/2 as long in the new species, lateroventral seta of Tibia I whiplike, structure of the genital sclerite and suckers, and presence of punctations on the dorsal idiosoma. The morphology and host-parasite relationships of the new species are compared with those of related species of hypopi from the host family Threskiornithidae.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Light and electron microscopic study of autologous implants of dental roots in the subcutaneous tissue of rats.

Maxillary first molars of rats were extracted. The roots were separated and subsequently implanted in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of the same animal. In Experiment 1, the roots were implanted immediately after removal; in Experiment 2, the roots were subjected to freeze-thawing (devitalized) before implantation. After 4, 8, and 15 weeks of implantation, the roots were removed and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. Roots of Experiment 1 showed an amorphous clear material filling depressions on the irregular surface of the cementum. This material consisted predominantly of collagen fibrils. Cells adjacent to the amorphous clear material exhibited numerous cytoplasmic processes surrounded by collagen fibrils. Globular structures with an electron-opacity similar to that of neighbouring cementum were observed within the bundles of collagen fibrils. Multinucleated cells with features of osteo/odontoclasts were often closely apposed to deep depressions of the cementum. In Experiment 2, only large multinucleated giant cells appeared around the surfaces of the roots. It seems therefore that, in Experiment 1, precementum formation and osteo/odontoclast mediated destruction occurred. It is likely that these activities may have originated from periodontal ligament cells carried to the implantation site. This conclusion is supported by the observation that such activities were absent in Experiment 2. Devitalized roots were unable to form precementum and were surrounded by foreign body giant cells.

Animals↗