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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Smile rejuvenation: a methodic approach.

The innovations in dental restoration materials during the last decade have enabled the clinician to achieve improved aesthetic results. However, dependence on the materials alone does not necessarily produce predictable aesthetic results. As the learning objective, the author discusses the need for a methodic approach, the observation of the intact smile, the dominant position of the maxillary central incisors, and the art of aesthetic integration of the maxillary incisors in proper proportion with the face and stature, thereby producing pleasing sensations in the observer.

Crowns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Art and anatomy of the smile].

In this article we approach the different types of a smile, according to its anatomic characteristics, and its relation with the pathology. At the same time we establish a parallelism between the classification of Rubin and the world of Art and Literature.

Face↗
PubMed1998

Smile enhancement using indirect veneers.

The anterior 8 veneers provided the patient with a much improved appearance. She was more self confident and happy with her smile. It was great to see the immediate gratification cosmetic procedures can have on a people. It was also great to receive a sincere thanks for really making a difference.

Adult↗
PubMed2026

Astigmatic vector outcomes after FS-LASIK versus SMILE for high myopic astigmatism: a single-center retrospective comparative cohort study without cyclotorsion compensation.

PURPOSE: To compare astigmatic correction vector outcomes between femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE, also termed Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction, KLEx) without intraoperative cyclotorsion compensation in patients with high myopic astigmatism (-&#x2009;2.00 to&#x2009;-&#x2009;3.75 D), and to clarify procedure-specific correction tendencies under this non-standardized alignment protocol. METHODS: This single-center retrospective comparative cohort study enrolled 155 eyes (one eye randomly selected per patient) that underwent FS-LASIK (80 eyes) or SMILE/KLEx (75 eyes) for high myopic astigmatism correction from January 2023 to July 2024 in Beijing Fenglian Jiayue Lige Clinic. Intraoperative cyclotorsion compensation was intentionally disabled to isolate inherent procedural astigmatism correction characteristics. Standardized Alpins vectorial analysis was performed at 3&#xa0;months and 12&#xa0;months postoperatively. PRIMARY ENDPOINT: 12-month Alpins correction index (CI). Multivariable propensity score adjustment was applied to mitigate confounding by clinical treatment selection bias. Statistical multiplicity control was implemented for secondary vector and visual outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline demographic, refractive, corneal and ocular biometric parameters were balanced between groups after propensity matching. No statistically significant intergroup differences were detected in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), residual cylinder, safety index or efficacy index at 3 and 12&#xa0;months (all P&#x2009;>&#x2009;0.05). Under the non-cyclotorsion-compensated protocol, significant intergroup differences were identified in the magnitude of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), correction index (CI), and magnitude error (ME) at both follow-up timepoints (all P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.0001). Target induced astigmatism (TIA), difference vector (DV), index of success (IOS), and angle error (AE) magnitudes were comparable between groups (all P&#x2009;>&#x2009;0.05). The vector mean axis of DV differed significantly between groups at 3 and 12&#xa0;months (Watson-Williams circular test, all P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.0001). No reoperations were documented in clinic medical records for either cohort. No standardized dry eye questionnaires, tear film testing or corneal nerve density metrics were collected to quantify dry eye adverse events; only unstructured clinical notes were reviewed for complication screening. CONCLUSIONS: Under surgical alignment without cyclotorsion compensation, FS-LASIK and SMILE/KLEx both yielded acceptable visual and refractive safety/efficacy for high myopic astigmatism (-&#x2009;2.00 to&#x2009;-&#x2009;3.75 D) at 1-year follow-up, but demonstrated divergent astigmatism correction tendencies: FS-LASIK exhibited relative astigmatism overcorrection (vector mean DV:&#x2009;-&#x2009;0.35&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.43 D&#x2009;&#xd7;&#x2009;91&#xb0;, CI&#x2009;>&#x2009;1), while SMILE/KLEx showed relative undercorrection (vector mean DV:&#x2009;-&#x2009;0.21&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;0.53 D&#x2009;&#xd7;&#x2009;12&#xb0;, CI&#x2009;<&#x2009;1). These correction biases are specific to the study's manual limbal alignment protocol without cyclotorsion tracking and cannot be generalized to modern optimized surgical platforms equipped with automated cyclotorsion compensation. Residual refractive errors across both groups are likely multifactorial, including differential corneal stromal healing responses, divergent femtosecond/excimer laser tissue modification mechanisms, and uncorrected intraoperative ocular cyclotorsion.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Survival of myocardial infarction long-term evaluation (SMILE) study: rationale, design, organization, and outcome definitions.

The rationale, design, organization, and outcome definitions of the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-term Evaluation (SMILE) study are described in detail. Recruitment of a total of 1500 patients (750 per treatment group) has been planned for this multicenter, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of oral treatment with zofenopril calcium (7.5-30 mg twice a day) on the combined short-term total mortality and occurrence of severe refractory congestive heart failure in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction (AMI). Secondary outcomes of the study include recurrent myocardial infarction, angina, and progression of congestive heart failure, as well as long-term mortality. Patients are initially treated in hospital within 24 hr from the onset of symptoms of AMI and their active follow-up is continued for 6 weeks. In addition, the patients will be passively followed for 12 months from the index AMI to assess vital status and the occurrence of congestive heart failure. The trial data are analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. An international independent policy and safety monitoring board is acting as the overall supervisory body and is responsible for the ethical conduct of the trial. A scientific committee is responsible for the scientific aspects of the trial and for the regular review of the progress of the study.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

What makes Mona Lisa smile?

To study the ability of humans to read subtle changes in facial expression, we applied reverse correlation technique to reveal visual features that mediate understanding of emotion expressed by the face. Surprising findings were that (1) the noise added to a test face image had profound effect on the facial expression and (2) in almost every instance the new expression was meaningful. To quantify the effect, we asked naïve observers to rank the face of Mona Lisa superimposed with noise, based on their perception of her emotional state along the sad/happy dimension. Typically, a hundred trials (with 10 or more samples for each rank category) were sufficient to reveal areas altering the facial expression, which is about two orders of magnitude less than in the other reverse correlation studies. Moreover, the perception of smiling in the eyes was solely attributable to a configurational effect projecting from the mouth region.

Emotions↗
PubMed1999

Effects of the administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor during the acute phase of myocardial infarction in patients with arterial hypertension. SMILE Study Investigators. Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-term Evaluation.

A positive history of arterial hypertension (HBP) is present in as many as 30% of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and their clinical outcome could be greatly improved by drugs enhancing blood pressure control and preserving ventricular function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of a history of HBP on the clinical efficacy of early treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor zofenopril in patients with anterior AMI. We summarize the results of a post-hoc analysis of data from the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-term Evaluation (SMILE) study, which randomly evaluated the efficacy of zofenopril given within 24 h of symptom onset to patients with anterior AMI not undergoing thrombolysis. Of 1441 patients who entered the study, 565 (39.2%) had a history of HBP. The mean follow-up time was 12 months and the main outcome measures were 6-week combined occurrence of death and severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and 1-year mortality. After 6-week of treatment with zofenopril the relative risk of death or severe CHF was 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.81; 2P < .05) in the hypertensive group and 0.89 (0.74-1.08; 2P = .62) for normotensive patients, whereas the 1-year risk of death was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.23,0.89; 2P < .05) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.52-1.17; 2P = .22), respectively. The 6-week prevalence of mild-to-moderate CHF was also significantly reduced by zofenopril in the hypertensive population (14.1% v 9.4%; 2P < .05). The present data suggest that treatment with zofenopril started within 24 h of the onset of anterior AMI could be highly beneficial in patients with a history of HBP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

An unusual radical Smiles rearrangement.

Radicals derived from N-(alpha-xanthyl)acetanilides or N-(alpha-xanthyl)acetylaminopyridines possessing a substituent next to the nitrogen undergo a hitherto undocumented Smiles rearrangement proceeding through a four-membered ring. It was also found that under certain conditions the amidyl radical produced by cleavage of the four-membered ring intermediate can undergo fragmentation to give an isocyanate. Such fragmentations are unprecedented at temperatures corresponding to refluxing benzene or chlorobenzene. [reaction: see text]

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Photochemical Smiles rearrangement and Meisenheimer complex formation catalyzed by hydroxide ion via electron hole transfer catalysis.

[reactions: see text] Photochemical para-to-nitro Smiles rearrangement and para-to-nitro Meisenheimer complex formation occurs for nitrophenoxyethylamines with high concentrations of hydroxide ion in aqueous solution. Both photoreactions show first-order dependence on hydroxide ion concentration, but the mechanism involving hydroxide ion does not involve acid-base catalysis. The reactions take place from the triplet excited states of the nitrophenyl ethers. Analysis of quantum yields and kinetics is consistent with an electron hole transfer catalysis mechanism.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Direct access to heterocyclic scaffolds by new multicomponent Ugi-Smiles couplings.

New heterocyclic scaffolds can be easily prepared by the coupling of heteroaromatic phenols (pyridines, pyrimidines) with carbonyl compounds, amines, and isocyanides. This transformation related to the Ugi reaction probably involves a Smiles rearrangement. The scope of this methodology is further extended by the successful use of heterocyclic thiols to form highly functionalized thioamides.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Double-blind comparison between zofenopril and lisinopril in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results of the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-term Evaluation-2 (SMILE-2) study.

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been reported to be effective in placebo-controlled trials in various subsets of patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, no direct comparisons have been performed between different ACE inhibitors in the same patient population. METHODS: This phase III, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter study compared the safety and efficacy of zofenopril and lisinopril in 1024 thrombolyzed patients with acute MI. Patients, aged 18 to 75 years, were randomized to receive oral zofenopril (30-60 mg/day) or lisinopril (5-10 mg/day), starting within 12 hours of completion of thrombolytic therapy and continuing for 42 days. The primary study end point was the incidence of severe hypotension (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg), either cumulative or drug-related. Secondary end points included additional safety and efficacy parameters. RESULTS: The overall incidence of severe hypotension was slightly 5 more reduced with zofenopril (10.9%) than with lisinopril (11.7%, P =.38). The incidence of drug-related severe hypotension was slightly but significantly lower with zofenopril than with lisinopril (6.7 vs 9.8%, 2-tailed P =.048). The 6-week mortality rate was 3.2% in the zofenopril group and 4.0% in the lisinopril group (P =.38), and no significant differences were observed in the incidence of major cardiovascular complications or any safety variables between the 2 ACE inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: The SMILE-2 study demonstrates that both zofenopril and lisinopril are safe and associated with a rather low rate of severe hypotension when given in accordance with a dose-titrated scheme to thrombolyzed patients with acute MI. These findings could have a positive clinical impact and increase the proportion of patients with acute MI who can be safely treated with ACE inhibitors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Operation Smile International: missions of mercy.

Operation Smile International (OSI) was formed in 1983 to provide underprivileged children in developing countries and the United States with common surgical procedures such as cleft lip, cleft palate, and burns, and to provide education to health care professionals in those countries. Over 11 years, OSI has aided over 20,000 children in 11 countries, and has grown into an organization of thousands of volunteers.

Burns↗
PubMed2006

Modification of tension on muscle insertion improves smile in free-muscle transplantation.

A functional free muscle without creation of different vectors and tension adjustment is an insufficient substitute for the mimetic muscles in the reanimation of facial paralysis. Placement of the lower 3 slips of the serratus anterior muscle and their tension adjustment were revised in 2 patients with facial paralysis to provide stronger upper lip movement and coordinated movement of the corner of the mouth superiorly and laterally. The slips were harvested with gradually decreasing lengths and separated from each other on both sides of their common neurovascular pedicle. The 9th slip was oriented at 55 to 60 degrees to the upper lip with the greatest tension. The 8th slip exerted original strength of tension to the modiolus at 45 degrees. The 7th slip was placed horizontally with the least tension. The results were evaluated according to open and closed lip smile and excursion of the modiolus. Stronger upper lip elevation and sufficient elevation of the modiolus with a proper 3-directional movement were demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a Smiling Touchscreen multimedia program for HRQoL assessment in subjects with varying levels of literacy.

OBJECTIVE: As low literacy affects the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in several ways (e.g., subject eligibility and cost of administration), better approaches to HRQoL assessment in subjects with varying literacy levels are needed. METHODS: We developed a multimedia touchscreen program (the Smiling Touchscreen, ST) to administer HRQoL instruments to subjects with varying levels of Chinese language and computer literacy, using an iterative process where patients' input on design, clarity of instructions, and user-friendliness were repeatedly gathered and incorporated in development. The ST thus has several user-friendly features for low-literacy subjects (e.g., presentation of individual items using visual and auditory stimuli, voice-text synchronization, and visual analog scale with a touch and drag function), which we evaluated using qualitative and quantitative methods. RESULTS: The ST was well accepted by subjects (n = 66, 76% female, median [interquartile] age: 49.0 [40.0, 56.0]) with high (n = 43) or low (n = 23) literacy, 98% of whom found it easy or very easy to use, and 85% found the voice-text synchronization feature useful. In low-literacy subjects without computer experience (30%), none reported any difficulties using the ST. The median (interquartile) time spent to complete the ST (four Instruction and Practice screens, 24 questions, one visual analog scale) for high- and low-literacy groups was 13.9 (9.6, 23.9) and 23.2 (15.8, 26.5) minutes, respectively. Among subjects expressing a preference (n = 47), 21 (47%) favored the ST over interviewer- or self-administration. CONCLUSION: The ST is well accepted by subjects with varying literacy levels, including those without computer experience. It is thus a promising new approach for HRQoL assessment among subjects with varying literacy levels.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2003

Smile Alabama! Initiative: interim results from a program to increase children's access to dental care.

Alabama faced an oral health crisis, with decreasing dental provider participation and increasing enrollment of Medicaid-eligible children. In response, the Smile Alabama! initiative was designed to improve oral health care services for Medicaid-eligible children by increasing the number of participating dentists by 15% and the number of children receiving dental care annually by 5% by January 31, 2004. The initiative is composed of 4 specific components: claims processing, dental reimbursement, provider education and recruitment, and recipient education. Specific interventions were implemented for each component. From fiscal year 1999 to fiscal year 2002, enrollment of targeted Medicaid children increased 32.7%. During this same period, the number of participating dental providers in the Alabama Medicaid dental program increased by 127 providers, a 38.7% increase. The number of children receiving dental services increased from 82,600 in fiscal year 1999 to 130,208 in fiscal year 2002, a 57.1% total increase, with a 4.8% increase in the annual dental visit rate. The experience suggests that access to oral health care services can be improved through a multidimensional, strategically planned dental outreach initiative in spite of dramatic increases in Medicaid enrollment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2004--basic screening survey of migrant and seasonal farmworker children in Illinois.

OBJECTIVES: To obtain baseline data for caries prevalence, use of dental sealants, and dental treatment needs for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs) enrolled in the Illinois Summer Migrant Education Program, 2004. METHODS: This study adapted the methodology of Healthy Smiles Healthy Growth 2003-2004, by Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH), Division of Oral Health. Oral screenings were conducted for children of migrant and seasonal farmworkers at participating schools. RESULTS: Of the 840 eligible children 58% participated in the assessment. Overall caries experience was 64%. Untreated decay was observed in 42%, 8% urgently needed treatment, and sealant prevalence was 51%. Among those 6-9 years old (n = 254), 47% had cavitated lesions, 12% urgently needed treatment, and 45% had dental sealants. For children 10-15 years old (n = 198), 34% had cavitated lesions, 4% urgently needed treatment, and 65% had dental sealants. CONCLUSIONS: The population's mobility suggests need for more frequent surveillance for effective programmatic planning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Recruitment strategies in superiority trials in SLE: lessons from the study of methotrexate in lupus erythematosus (SMILE).

The task of recruiting patients for a research project can prove to be the most difficult aspect of the entire research process. A large portion of the work of research is devoted to the identification of strategies which ensure a successful recruitment of patients. Every researcher has learned from experience the many methods needed to enhance patient enrollment into trials. Superiority trials in SLE have not been frequent in previous years. This paper describes the challenges encountered with the multicentre SMILE trial in progress across Canada. We identify areas where patient recruitment is a problem, potential reasons for the problem, and the results of tactics used to increase enrollment.

Canada↗