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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Stages of change in anxiety: psychometric properties of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scale.

Readiness for change is increasingly cited as an important variable in the health behaviours literature, yet there remains a dearth of research related to this construct in mental health. This study examined the psychometric properties of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) scale in two samples. In Study 1 (n = 252), undergraduates completed the URICA and were administered measures of hopelessness, the consequences of worry, self-esteem, anxious symptomatology, and social desirability. The reliability and validity of the URICA were generally supported, although the goodness-of-fit with the intended subscales was only moderate. The Precontemplation, Contemplation and Maintenance subscales correlated as expected with ancillary measures, but the Action subscale did not. In Study 2 (n = 81), individuals with panic disorder were administered the URICA at initial assessment and following cognitive behavioural therapy. The URICA demonstrated excellent reliability, significantly predicted treatment retention and dropout, and showed modest utility for predicting treatment outcome. Confirmatory factor analysis, however, revealed an inadequate fit to the intended subscales. The implications of these findings are discussed and directions for future research highlighted.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Optimization of a valine:isoleucine methyl ester pheromone blend and comparison of Robbins and Trécé traps for capture of Phyllophaga anxia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in Rhode Island.

Eight ratios of L-valine:L-isoleucine methyl esters were tested in Robbins traps for capture of Phyllophaga anxia (LeConte) adult males. The 90:10, 80:20, and 60:40 ratios of valine:isoleucine were the most effective blends for capture of beetles in Rhode Island. Females were captured in small numbers in some traps but not consistently to any particular blend. Other male Phyllophaga species captured included Phyllophaga fusca (Frölich), Phyllophaga forsteri (Burmeister), P. hirsuta (Knoch), and P. marginalis (LeConte). The number of these species collected was low, and it was not possible to determine whether they were attracted to any particular pheromone blend. Peak captures of P. anxia males occurred 31 May in 1999 and 2002 in Kingston, RI. The standard Japanese beetle trap manufactured by Trécé (Adair, OK) captured significantly more beetles than the Robbins trap. Because the Trécé trap is already marketed for Japanese beetles, a lure and trapping system can be adopted for P. anxia.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Trauma: preliminary psychometric properties in an alcohol-dependent PTSD sample.

The co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder with substance use disorders (PTSD-SUD) is common and is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Attrition represents an ongoing, but poorly understood challenge in PTSD-SUD treatment research. The current study examined the initial psychometric properties of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment-Trauma (URICA-T), a scale designed to assess attitudes and behaviors related to addressing trauma issues, in a sample of 42 individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for PTSD and alcohol dependence. Results suggest that the URICA-T may have acceptable psychometric properties as a continuous measure of motivational readiness in a PTSD-SUD sample. Preliminary data also suggests higher URICA-T scores are associated with retention of alcohol dependent-PTSD participants in a study utilizing trauma-focused exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Restricted maximum likelihood estimates of genetic parameters of adult male and female Rhode Island red chickens divergently selected for residual feed consumption.

In adult chickens, feed intake can be predicted by multiple linear regression from body weight, change in body weight during the recording period (for males and females), and egg mass (for females). Residual feed consumption (RFC) is estimated by the deviation of observed from predicted values for feed intake. A divergent selection experiment has been conducted since 1975 in a Rhode Island Red population. Each sex was selected on the basis of its own RFC, Line R+ for high values of RFC and Line R- for low values. In addition to the traits measured to obtain RFC, egg production traits and body measurements (BM) have been recorded, including wattle length, shank length, and rectal temperature. After pooling data from the two lines and the base population, the data set included 1,064 males, each with 7 variables, and 3,780 females, each with 11 variables. Genetic parameters were estimated by a multivariate derivative-free-restricted maximum likelihood procedure, which yields estimates free of bias due to selection and inbreeding. The RFC appeared to be moderately heritable in males (h2 = .33) and in females (h2 = .27) and poorly correlated between sexes, with a genetic correlation of .19 between RFC in males (RFCm) and in females (RFCf). The RFCm and RFCf were weakly correlated with egg production traits. Significant, positive correlations were found between RFCm and the BM traits that were related to heat dissipation. Correlations between feed intake, body weight, and BM traits recorded in males or in females were always < 1, except for shank length.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2006

Confirmation of immunogenic consensus sequence HIV-1 T-cell epitopes in Bamako, Mali and Providence, Rhode Island.

The design of epitope-driven vaccines for HIV has been significantly hampered by concerns about conservation of vaccine epitopes across clades of HIV. In previous work, we have described a computer-driven method for a cross-clade HIV vaccine comprised of overlapping, highly conserved helper T-cell epitopes or "immunogenic consensus sequence epitopes" (ICS epitopes). Here, we evaluated and compared the immunogenicity of 20 ICS HIV epitopes in ELISpot assays performed using peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) from HIV-infected donors in Providence, Rhode Island, USA and in Bamako, Mali, West Africa. Each core 9-mer HIV sequence contained in a given consensus peptide was conserved in at least 105 to as many as 2,250 individual HIV-1 strains. Nineteen of the 20 ICS epitopes (95%) were confirmed in ELISpot assays using PBMC obtained from 13 healthy, HIV-1 infected subjects in Providence, and thirteen of the epitopes (65%) were confirmed in ELISpot assays using PBMC derived from 42 discarded blood units obtained at the Central Blood Bank in Bamako. Twelve of the epitopes were confirmed in ELISpot assays performed both in Providence and Bamako. These data confirm the utility of bioinformatics tools to select and design novel vaccines containing "immunogenic consensus sequence" T-cell epitopes for a globally relevant vaccine against HIV; a similar approach may also be useful for any pathogen that exhibits high variability (influenza, HCV, or variola for example). An HIV vaccine containing these immunogenic consensus sequences is currently under development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗