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Results for “Retinal Neovascularization”

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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Choroidal melanoma with disc and retinal neovascularization.

A 23-year-old white woman presented with a large superior choroidal mass with a secondary inferior serous detachment of the retina. Clinical and angiographic examination revealed extensive inferior, peripheral retinal vascular occlusion associated with peripheral retinal and disc neovascularization. The fellow eye was normal. Histologic examination confirmed that the choroidal mass was a malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The dipeptide Arg-Gln inhibits retinal neovascularization in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy.

PURPOSE: Premature infants undergoing intensive care are highly vulnerable to amino acid deprivation. Supplementation of glutamine or arginine has resulted in beneficial effects in human neonates. This study was conducted to examine the effect of the dipeptide arginyl-glutamine (Arg-Gln) on vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) levels in primary human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cell cultures and on inhibition of neovascularization in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. METHODS: The effects of Arg-Gln on VEGF levels were measured in supernates from hRPE cells by using ELISAs. For in vivo studies, mouse pups received twice-daily intraperitoneal injections of Arg-Gln, a control dipeptide (Ala-Gly) or were not injected. Retinal flatmounts from one cohort were prepared and retinal vessel morphology examined. The contralateral eyes were embedded, sectioned, and stained to count preretinal neovascular nuclei. RNA was isolated from retinas of selected animals and was used to quantify VEGF mRNA by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: Treatment of hRPE cells with Arg-Gln decreased VEGF levels in a dose-dependent manner. In the OIR model, Arg-Gln at 5 g/kg per day reduced preretinal neovascularization by 82%+/-7% (P<0.005), when compared with the control dipeptide Ala-Gly, and reduced VEGF mRNA by 64%+/-9% (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Arg-Gln dramatically inhibited retinal neovascularization in the OIR model. This effect was associated with a reduction in retinal VEGF mRNA levels. Similarly the dipeptide reduced VEGF expression in hRPE cells, a cell type likely to respond to retinal hypoxia by expressing VEGF. Arg-Gln appears to be safe and, with future studies in human infants, may prove beneficial in the prevention of ROP.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2006

Pathological but not physiological retinal neovascularization is altered in TNF-Rp55-receptor-deficient mice.

PURPOSE: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is one of the major cytokines in inflammation and apoptosis. It has been demonstrated that inhibition of TNFalpha can reduce leukocyte adhesion, vascular leakage, and apoptotic endothelial cell death in diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of TNF-Rp55 and TNF-Rp75 on retinal development in oxygen-induced retinopathy. METHODS: TNF-Rp55- and TNF-Rp75-deficient mice, as well as their respective wild-type controls, were exposed to 75% oxygen from postnatal day P7 to P12. Retinal vascularization was investigated in flatmount preparations after concanavalin A labeling of endothelial cells on days P6, P14, P17, and P20. Retinal mRNA expression of VEGF, angiopoietin-1 and -2, and PDGF was examined at days P14 and P20. RESULTS: TNF-Rp55- and TNF-Rp75-deficient mice demonstrated similar retinal development and vascularization under normoxic conditions. In comparison to wild-type mice, the vascularized area remained stable during the observation time, although the gene expression of VEGF, angiopoietin (ang)-1 and -2, and PDGFb changed. Compared with that in the wild type mice, the relative expression of VEGF, ang-1, ang-2, and PDGFb changed 5.14-, 1.7-, 0.39-, and 0.36-fold in Rp55(-/-) mice and 4.1-, 9.5 x 10(-5)-, 0.12-, and 2975-fold in Rp75(-/-) mice, respectively. Treatment with oxygen resulted in a significantly reduced vascularization in Rp55(-/-) but not Rp75(-/-) mice on postnatal day (P)20. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of TNFalpha via TNF-Rp55 can alter retinal development and angiogenesis in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. The data underscore the potential effectiveness of TNF-inhibitory treatments as modulators in oxygen-induced retinopathy.

Angiopoietin-1↗
PubMed2005

Soluble forms of EphrinB2 and EphB4 reduce retinal neovascularization in a model of proliferative retinopathy.

PURPOSE: Ephrin ligands and their Eph receptors are key regulators of endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, adhesion, and repulsion during mammalian vascular development. The hypothesis was that these molecules also play a role in pathologic neovascularization (NV) in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice at postnatal day (P)7 were exposed to 75% oxygen (O(2)) for 5 days (until P12) and allowed to recover in room air to induce retinal NV. Retinas from unexposed and hyperoxia-exposed mice between P7 to P24 were analyzed specifically for EphrinB2 and EphB4 transcript expression by RT-PCR. Phospho-Eph (p-Eph) receptor was evaluated during active EC proliferation at P15 and P17 by immunohistology. Some hyperoxia-exposed mice had one eye injected intravitreally with 150 ng/1.5 microL of soluble EphrinB2/Fc or EphB4/Fc chimeras during transition from high O(2) to room air (P12) and injected again on P14. Contralateral eyes were injected with human IgG as the control. Preretinal nuclei and retinal blood vessels were quantified at peak disease (P17). RESULTS: EphrinB2 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the developing retina and was unchanged by hyperoxia. In contrast, EphB4 mRNA expression was modulated during normal retinal development and was altered by hyperoxia. Furthermore, p-Eph was detected in developing preretinal tufts, thus implying that Ephrin/Eph signaling system is active in this experimental model. Intravitreal injection of soluble versions of these molecules significantly reduced pathologic neovascularization. The number of preretinal nuclei in hyperoxia-treated mice was reduced by 66% (P < 0.05) in EphrinB2-injected eyes, whereas EphB4 treatment yielded a 69% reduction (P < 0.05), compared with control injections. Intraretinal vessel development was not altered by the injections. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that endogenous EphrinB2 and EphB4 are regulators of retinal NV during oxygen-induced retinopathy and may be useful targets for therapeutic intervention.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Inhibition of retinal neovascularization by intraocular viral-mediated delivery of anti-angiogenic agents.

Neovascularization characterizes diabetic retinopathy and choroidal neovascularization associated with age-related macular degeneration, the most common causes of severe visual loss in the developed world. Gene transfer to the eye using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors is a promising new treatment for inherited and acquired ocular diseases. We used an AAV vector with rapid onset and high levels of gene expression in the retina to deliver three anti-angiogenic factors (pigment epithelium-derived factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, and endostatin) to the eyes of mice in a mouse model of retinopathy of prematurity. All three vectors inhibited ischemia-induced neovascularization.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

[Radiotherapy treatment of subfoveal retinal neovascularization related to age].

Thirty-three patients who underwent low dose of radiation therapy for subfoveal choroidal membranes were studied after a mean follow-up of 16 months. The evaluated parameters were the visual outcome and the choroidal neovascularization evolution. In this study, the efficacy of low-dose radiation delivered to the macular region as an alternative treatment in subfoveal membrane was limited.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Retinal neovascularization in Potter's syndrome secondary to renal agenesis.

Abnormalities of retinal vascularization were observed in a male stillborn at 33 weeks gestation with Potter's syndrome secondary to renal agenesis. Each eye had a persistent tunica vasculosa lentis and hyaloid artery as well as enlarged intraretinal vessels and a sharply demarcated avascular peripheral retina. Light microscopy revealed marked proliferation of capillaries and mesenchymal spindle cells of the retina. Electron microscopy of the retinal vascular endothelial cells revealed intact tight junctions with no fenestrations. Spindle cells had gap and intermediate junctions that appeared normal in number and morphology.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1996

[Radiotherapy treatment of subfoveal retinal neovascularization: results after two years].

The treatment by radiotherapy (10 Grays) of subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes is disappointing. Although after one year, 22% of cases had a positive result, after a mean follow up of 2.5 years only 14% of cases had a favourable outcome. The final visual acuity 30 months after treatment was the same as the one observed after 21 months of natural evolution. The well-defined nature of the subretinal new vessels, the presence of a pigment epithelial detachment and the occurrence of a vast hemorrhage were of bad prognosis.

Aged↗