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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Vesicoureteral reflux in adults studied by computerized radionuclide cystography.

Direct radionuclide cystography in a computerized method as described by Willi and Treves was used in adults with recurrent pyelitis but without evidence of obstruction. Reflux was observed in 15 out of 38 patients. In patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction or megaureters, reflux began early during the bladder filling and attained higher volumes than in those with uncomplicated pyelitis, who had minor reflux appearing mainly during voiding. Bladder capacity and detrusor compliance were lower in patients with reflux than in those without reflux. The low radiation exposure in radionuclide cystography permits observation of the urodynamic course of urinary reflux and correlation to the intravesical volume and pressure. The method is sensitive, and minor refluxed volumes can be detected. Radionuclide cystography can therefore be recommended for checking of surgical results and for follow-up of patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Emphysematous renal and perirenal infection in nondiabetic patient.

Emphysematous renal infection is a severe, rare complication of urinary tract infection associated with gas production, which frequently causes renal destruction and has a high mortality rate. It is termed emphysematous pyelitis when gas is confined to the collecting system, or emphysematous pyelonephritis if it also involves the parenchyma with or without the perirenal space. Only 7 cases of perirenal emphysema have been described previously; all were in diabetics. Here we present a rare case of gas-producing renal infection in the collecting system and perirenal tissues, in a nondiabetic patient, and discuss the management of the various types of emphysematous renal infections.

Child↗
PubMed2006

[Ganglioneuroma revealed by complicated nephritic colic].

INTRODUCTION: Ganglioneuroma is a rare benign nervous tumour frequently located in the retroperitoneal area. We report the case of a 22-year-old female patient where this tumour was revealed by nephritic colic complicated by pyelitis and kidney abscess. EXEGESIS: The patient presented with brutal feverish lumbar pains and urinary signs. Abundant iconography, in particular contrasted enhanced sonography, allowed to show a massive retroperitoneal lump and a puncture-biopsy indicated a ganglioneuroma which was surgically removed by laparotomy. Signs may be varied and misleading. Biological and radiological exams are useful for the diagnosis which can only be confirmed by the thorough histological examination of the removed sample. CONCLUSION: A large retroperitoneal lump without alteration of the patient's health should point to this diagnosis, since the complete surgical removal leads to recovery without recurrence, but all the other differential diagnoses must first be dismissed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1997

Bacterial urinary tract infections in diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus has a number of long-term effects on the genitourinary system. These effects predispose to bacterial urinary tract infections in the patient with diabetes mellitus. Bacteriuria is more common in diabetic women than in nondiabetic women because of a combination of host and local risk factors. Upper tract infection complications are also more common in this group. Diabetic patients are at higher risk for intrarenal abscess, with a spectrum of disease ranging from acute focal bacterial pyelonephritis to renal corticomedullary abscess, to the renal carbuncle. A number of uncommon complicated urinary tract infection complications occur more frequently in diabetics, such as emphysematous pyelonephritis and emphysematous pyelitis. Because of the frequency and severity of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients, prompt diagnosis and early therapy is warranted. A plain abdominal radiograph is recommended as a minimum radiographic screening tool in the patient with diabetes presenting with systemic signs of urinary tract infection. Ultrasonography or further radiographic studies such as CT scanning may also be warranted, depending on the clinical picture, to identify upper urinary tract complications early for appropriate intervention.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

[Evaluation of diagnostic factors in chronic recurrent urinary-tract infections in children. II. Clinical symptoms (author's transl)].

2490 investigations in 171 children with chronic recurrent urinary-tract infections seen in a specialized out-patient unit for an average of 23 months demonstrated that clinical symptoms cannot be used as indicators of pyelitis or cystitis. 43% of recurrences (n=471) were completely asymptomatic. The symptomatology depends on the age of the patient and duration of the disease. Recurrences in the late course of the disease become frequently asymptomatic. Children with predominantly asymptomatic bacteriuria show pathological X-ray findings indicative of renal parenchymatous involvement as frequently as children with predominantly symptomatic recurrences.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Sonographic studies of the correlation of cystopyelitis gravidarum and kidney pelvis hydronephrosis].

Ultrasound monitoring of the urinary tract was performed three times in 158 pregnant women (before the 20th week, between the 20th and 30th weeks, and after the 30th week). Dilatation of the kidney was found in 82 women (51.9 percent). All patients with pyelitis gravidarum were found to have dilatation of the kidney. Patients with hydronephrosis are a high-risk group for infection of the urinary tract. Recurrences are common among these women.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pregnancy in the overweight Nigerian.

One hundred pregnant patients weighing 80 kg or over at the 14th week of pregnancy were studied during their antenatal period and delivery. The incidence of pre-eclampsia, hypertension, pyelitis of pregnancy and operative delivery was higher in overweight patients than in an equivalent number of patients of average weight also studied. The age-related difference in antenatal weight gain in obese patients was confirmed. Two maternal deaths occurred among the overweight patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cystic pyeloureteritis].

The pyelitis or cystic pyeloureteritis is a rare disease of unknown etiology. The clinic is unspecific and the treatment, medical and expectant. The importance of this disease consists of a correct differential diagnosis with other repletion defect imaging in the excretory tract and its frequent association to other diseases.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1959

Acute appendicitis complicating pregnancy.

Acute appendicitis occurs as a complication of pregnancy in about 0.1 per cent of cases. Diagnosis may be somewhat more difficult during the second and third trimesters dur to the displacement of viscera and the increased incidence of pyelitis and constipation. It is based on the same symptoms and signs as in nonpregnant patients. The treatment is immediate operation regardless of the stage of pregnancy. A McBurney incision is preferred and it is placed somewhat higher than usual in the later stages of pregnancy. When operation is done promptly there is little danger to either mother or fetus.

Abdominal Cavity↗
PubMed1989

[Immunotherapy with Solco Urovac vaccine in chronic genitourinary infection].

Twenty five patients with chronic urogenital infections (cystitis, pyelitis and prostatitis) were treated with Solco urovak infection which is active against Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella and Streptococcus fecalis organisms. This microbial flora has been isolated from these patients and proved resistant to the conventional antibacterial agents. The vaccine was very well tolerated, gave no side reactions, but transient short lasting rise of the temperature to 38 degrees C. The bacteriologic control on the 6. week after vaccination showed sterile urine in 68 per cent of the patients, no change in 20 per cent and recovery of other bacterial flora in 12 per cent. The vaccine is recommended for treatment of urinary tract infections caused by the microorganisms enumerated above.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in children].

Nine pediatric patients with moderate or severe bacterial infections (3 septicemia or bacteremia, 2 pyelitis, 2 tonsillitis, 1 pneumonia and 1 pyothorax) in hospital were treated with MK-0787/MK-0791. The drug was administered intravenously by 30 or 60 minutes drip infusion in 3 or 4 divided doses totalling 24 mg/24 mg-70.2 mg/70.2 mg per kg/day. Clinical effectiveness were excellent in 4 cases, good in 2 cases, poor in 2 cases and not evaluated in 1 case. The overall efficacy rate was 75%. A slight decrease of WBC was observed in 1 case. It was concluded that MK-0787/MK-0791 was a useful antibiotic for the treatment of infections in pediatric practices. Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered MK-0787/MK-0791 was studied in 2 other cases. The MK-0787/MK-0791 was administered intravenously by 30 or 60 minutes drip infusion to 2 cases at a dose of 10 mg/10 mg/kg. The mean half-life (T1/2) of MK-0787 was 1.03 hours and MK-0791, 0.69 hour. The mean urinary recovery rate of MK-0787 within 6.5-7 hours after administration was 62.5% and MK-0791, 76.7%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Enhancement of N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide-induced carcinogenesis by urinary tract infection in rats.

Epidemiological studies suggest that urinary tract infection is an important risk factor in the development of bladder cancer. Chronic urinary tract infection in rats is associated with urothelial hyperplasia and papillomatosis. In the Sprague-Dawley strain, exposure to the 5-nitrofuran, N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT), is associated in particular with the development of renal pelvic tumors. The present study was designed to evaluate whether chronic urinary tract infection could enhance tumor development in FANFT-induced urinary tract carcinogenesis. One hundred forty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following groups. Group 1 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. Group 2 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. One wk after completion of FANFT administration, the suspension of 0.5 ml of Escherichia coli (06K13H1) was injected into the bladder through the urethra. Group 3 received 0.2% FANFT in the diet for 7 wk followed by control diet. One wk after completion of FANFT administration, a suspension of heat-killed E. coli (06K13H1) was injected into the bladder through the urethra. Group 4 received a suspension of 0.5 ml of E. coli (06K13H1) through the urethra and received control diet throughout the experiment. Group 5 was fed control diet only. The experiment continued for 104 wk. A significantly higher number of urinary tract tumors, particularly of the renal pelvis, was recorded in Group 2 compared to Groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. The majority of the rats in Groups 2 and 4 had morphological signs of urinary tract infections, particularly pyelitis and/or pyelonephritis. Thus, a single injection of E. coli (06K13H1) into the bladder results in an enhancement of FANFT-induced urinary tract carcinogenesis in the Sprague-Dawley rat, especially for renal pelvic tumors. The formation of dimethylnitrosamine or other nitroso compounds from nitrates in the urine or increased cell proliferation due to chronic inflammation or both may be important pathogenetic factors in the tumor development.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefamandole in children (author's transl)].

Laboratory and clinical studies of cefamandole (CMD), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, were investigated and following results were obtained. 1) Absorption and excretion study following 25 mg/kg intravenous administration was carried out in pediatric patients. In 6 cases, mean serum levels of 116.7 +/- 24.0 micrograms/ml, 62.1 +/- micrograms/ml, 12.2 +/- 2.7 micrograms/ml, 2.9 +/- 1.1 micrograms/ml, 0.6 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml and 0.1 +/- 0.2 micrograms/ml obtained after 15, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours administration. In 4 cases, mean urinary recovery of 68.2 +/- 17.2% (0 approximately 8 hours) was obtained. The mean half life of serum level was 0.36 +/- 0.08 hours. 2) The transfer of cefamandole was poor in infants with meningitis. 3) Cefamandole was given to 22 children with acute pyelitis (1 case), acute pneumonia (19 cases), and meningitis (2 cases). The dosage was 80.0 approximately 284.2 mg/kg/day, and it was divided into 4 approximately 6 times and given intravenous or intravenous drip. The duration of administration was from 3 to 17 days. The overall efficacy rate in 22 cases was 95.2%, i.e., excellent in 5, good in 15, poor in 1, and unknown in 1. In bacteriological examination, there were eradication of the organisms in 9 (52.9%), decrease in 4, unchange in 4 out of 17 strains. 4) Any noticeable adverse reaction was not observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Fundamental and clinical studies on sisomicin in children (author's transl)].

Fundamental and clinical studies on sisomicin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic were carried out and the following results were obtained. 1. Antibacterial activity of sisomicin was superior to that of gentamicin, amikacin, cefazolin and ampicillin against S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa. Against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, it was superior to that of amikacin, cefazolin, ampicillin and equal or slightly superior to that of gentamicin. 2. Mean serum levels of sisomicin were 18.0 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml, 15.7 +/- 1.3 microgram/ml, 9.6 +/- 0.6 microgram/ml, 3.2 +/- 0.4 microgram/ml, 1.7 +/- 0.2 microgram/ml and 0.95 microgram/ml at 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after a single intramuscular administration of sisomicin 2.0 mg/kg to 3 children. Mean half-life time was 1.6 +/- 0.2 hours. Mean urinary recovery was 60.4 +/- 7.5% within 6 hours after administration of sisomicin 1.6-2.1 mg/kg to 4 children. 3. Sisomicin was given intramuscularly to 13 children with acute pyelitis (11), acute cystitis (1) and stomatitis gangrenosa and cervical lymphadenitis (1). The daily dose was 2.0 -4.2 mg/kg, divided into twice. Clinical response was excellent in 8 and good in 5. In bacteriological examinations, 13 pathogens (E. coli 9, K. pneumoniae 2, Ps. aeruginosa 2) were eradicated after administration. No adverse reactions were observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The characteristics of acute infectious-inflammatory kidney diseases in pesticide exposure].

The paper is concerned with ecological aspects of uronephrology. The epidemiological survey entering 1249 rural citizens revealed that the frequency of infectious inflammatory lesions of the kidneys is higher in subjects exposed to pesticides (7.9-13.4% against 1.5% in the controls). The experiments on 82 rabbits confirmed the relation of the renal infectious inflammation severity and incidence to exposure to chemicals used in agriculture. Basing on the analysis of 301 cases of acute renal infection, the authors came to distinguish 4 forms of the disease: pyelitis, pyelonephritis, nephropyelitis and purulent nephritis. The authors emphasize the urgent need in the regions of active pesticide application of taking prophylactic measures to reduce the contact with the toxic compounds, to actively detect and treat urinary infection including antidotes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Localizationstudies in female patients with recurrent urinary tract infection. II. Patients with ureterovesical reflux (author's transl)].

In 17 girls and 5 women with urinary tract infection and low-pressure reflux we performed 23 bladder-washout-tests. 12 were interpreted as supravesical, 11 as vesical bacteriurias. All patients with vesical bacteriurias had a normal IVP. The majority of patients with supravesical bacteriurias had clubbing and scarring. The possibility of interpreting the supravesical bacteriurias as a sign for pyelitis rather than pyelonephritis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical trial of the antibacterial combination sulfamoxole/trimethoprim (CN 3123). 2. Results of a multicenter clinical trial of CN 3123 in infections of the kidneys and urinary tract].

During the clinical trial of N1-(4,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolyl)-sulfanilamide (sulfamoxole) and 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl)-pyrimidine (trimethoprim) (CN 3123, Nevin, Supristol) results from 925 treated cases of bacterial infections of the urinary organs were documented. The analysis revealed the following conclusions: 1. On the basis of all the assessable cases, there was no clinical effect in less than 10% of patients and no bacteriological effect in only 13% of patients. The therapeutic response was clinically good in 76% and bacteriologically good in 68% of the patients. The rest of the patients showed a fair clinical response, that is to say they showed a definite improvement in the clinical picture, or some bacteriological response, i.e. a definite reduction in the organism counts or, in mixed infections, not all the strains of pathogen were eradicated. 2. There was a higher success rate in acute urinary tract infections which had not previously been treated than in chronic or previously treated cases. 3. The therapeutic results in the principal indications were as follows: Pyelonephritis: 73.9% good and 16.5% fair effect clinically; 63.6% good and 21.6% some effect bacteriologically. Pyelitis: 81.1% good and 18.9% fair effect clinically; 70.4% good and 25.9% some effect bacteriologically. Cystitis: 81.3% good and 8.6% fair effect clinically; 68.9% good and 17.6% some effect bacteriologically. Postoperative urinary tract infections: 98% good effect clinically and bacteriologically. Infections of the urinary organs (not specified in more detail): 71.8% good and 16.1% fair effect clinically; 65.0% good and 18.8% some effect bacteriologically.

Acute Disease↗