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Results for “Program Efficiency”

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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Peptidyl-transferase inhibitors have antiviral properties by altering programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting efficiencies: development of model systems.

The effects of two peptidyl-transferase inhibitors, anisomycin and sparsomycin, on ribosomal frameshifting efficiencies and the propagation of yeast double-stranded RNA viruses were examined. At sublethal doses in yeast cells these drugs specifically alter the efficiency of -1, but not of +1, ribosomal frameshifting. These compounds promote loss of the yeast L-A double-stranded RNA virus, which uses a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift to produce its Gag-Pol fusion protein. Both of these drugs also change the efficiency of -1 ribosomal frameshifting in yeast and mammalian in vitro translation systems, suggesting that they may have applications to control the propagation of viruses of higher eukaryotes, which also use this translational regulatory mechanism. Our results offer a new set of antiviral agents that may potentially have a broad range of applications in the clinical, veterinary, and agricultural fields.

Anisomycin↗
PubMed1986

[Assessment of the efficiency of population policy measures].

This article is concerned with the relative effectiveness of various population policy measures. "The data sources [for] analysing efficiency (vital statistics, census data, longitudinal and retrospective analysis of fertility, data of public opinion research) and the possible methods (standardization, trend analysis, experimental samples, number of years spent for contraception by co-habitants, component forecasting approach, the analysis of the reproduction process, regression analysis, simulation models) are reviewed." (summary in ENG, RUS)

Data Collection↗
PubMed1996

The efficiency of respiratory muscle strengthening training programs in pilots.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficiency of respiratory muscle training programs in pilots. METHODS: Twenty-four male pilots were divided into two groups. The training group (12 pilots) underwent respiratory strengthening training programs besides routine physical exercises. The other 12 pilots in the control group only did routine physical exercises, but the training time was the same in these two groups. Before and after training programs in the two groups, the respiratory muscle functions were examined. RESULTS: 24 pilots in these two groups completed training programs within four weeks. The pilots in the training group got improvement of respiratory muscle functions which was much better than those of the control group. CONCLUSION: It suggests that the strengthening training programs of respiratory muscles can improve and strengthen the respiratory muscle functions in pilots.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Complexities in ETS-domain transcription factor function and regulation: lessons from the TCF (ternary complex factor) subfamily. The Colworth Medal Lecture.

The ETS-domain transcription factor family can be divided into a series of subfamilies. Elk-1 represents the founding member of the ternary complex factor (TCF) subfamily. By focusing on the TCF subfamily, we can demonstrate the complexities that exist in the function and regulation of ETS-domain transcription factors. This article focuses on Elk-1 in detail and summarizes the functions of other TCFs. The key themes covered include the domain structure of the TCFs, the mechanisms of complex formation with serum response factor, regulation of TCFs by mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and transcriptional regulatory properties of the TCFs. Finally, the emerging role of the TCFs in vivo is discussed. A picture is developing indicating that, while these proteins exhibit significant sequence and functional conservation, key differences in their structure and regulation are being identified which may relate to unique functions of these proteins in vivo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Medicaid 101: history, challenges, and opportunities.

This report contains information from the Health Policy Summit, held in conjunction with the Fifth Annual Primary Care Conference and the Tenth Annual HeLa Women's Health Conference. During this Summit's presentation, Warren A. Jones, MD provided information on the Medicaid system and the challenges facing administrators at the state level, specifically those in Mississippi and calls for an improved Medicaid system that will: provide a better definition of benefits; remember the children; offer a humane system of care for the elderly; eliminate fraud; and use a synergistic team of leadership to deliver the program.

Efficiency, Organizational↗
PubMed2006

ICU uses 'bundles' to make huge improvements.

Bundling concept based on grouping of evidence-based best practices. Each bundle includes a specified number of steps that should be followed for all patients. Daily monitoring to ensure compliance is a critical component of a successful program.

Efficiency, Organizational↗
PubMed2003

Stretching water--Queensland's water use efficiency cotton and grains adoption program.

The Cotton and Grains Adoption Program of the Queensland Rural Water Use Efficiency Initiative is targeting five major irrigation regions in the state with the objective to develop better irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) through the adoption of best management practices in irrigation. The major beneficiaries of the program will be industries, irrigators and local communities. The benefits will flow via two avenues: increased production and profit resulting from improved WUE and improved environmental health as a consequence of greatly reduced runoff of irrigation tailwater into rivers and streams. This in turn will reduce the risk of nutrient and pesticide contamination of waterways. As a side effect, the work is likely to contribute to an improved public image of the cotton and grain industries. In each of the five regions, WUE officers have established grower groups to assist in providing local input into the specific objectives of extension and demonstration activities. The groups also assist in developing growers' perceptions of ownership of the work. Activities are based around four on-farm demonstration sites in each region where irrigation management techniques and hardware are showcased. A key theme of the program is monitoring water use. This is applied both to on-farm storage and distribution as well as to application methods and in-field management. This paper describes the project, its activities and successes.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1978

The toxicity and efficiency of arecoline hydrobromide in the Tasmanian hydatid control program.

Results on the efficiency and toxicity of arecoline hydrobromide during the first 11 years of the hydatid limitation program in Tasmania are presented. A satisfactory mucous purge was obtained from about 80% of dogs when arecoline was used at 3.25 mg/kg and from about 75% when the dose rate was reduced to 1.62 mg/kg of body weight. Arecoline is considered to have a low efficiency in detecting tapeworm infection in individual dogs, but is valuable as a diagnostic aid in groups of dogs. Toxicity was seen as acute cardiac collapse in about 5 dogs per 1000 dosed. Deaths followed in 1 dog in about 9,500.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Are individuals with severe mental retardation and multiple disabilities cost-efficient to serve via supported employment programs?

The relations between cost-efficiency (from the perspective of worker, taxpayer, and society) and personal characteristics of supported employees (i.e., IQ, level of mental retardation, multiple disabilities, gender, ethnicity, and age) were examined. Results suggest that when sheltered workshops were used as alternative placements, supported employees with high IQs benefited more from employment within the community than did supported employees with lower IQs. From society's perspective, African American and male supported employees were more cost-efficient than were European American and female supported employees. Further, regardless of the severity or number of disabilities, all individuals were cost-efficient from each perspective (i.e., worker, taxpayer, and society) and time period (i.e., 1990, 1994, and projected lifelong).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Translational suppressors and antisuppressors alter the efficiency of the Ty1 programmed translational frameshift.

Certain viruses, transposons, and cellular genes have evolved specific sequences that induce high levels of specific translational errors. Such "programmed misreading" can result in levels of frameshifting or nonsense codon readthrough that are up to 1,000-fold higher than normal. Here we determine how a number of mutations in yeast affect the programmed misreading used by the yeast Ty retrotransposons. These mutations have previously been shown to affect the general accuracy of translational termination. We find that among four nonsense suppressor ribosomal mutations tested, one (a ribosomal protein mutation) enhanced the efficiency of the Tyl frameshifting, another (an rRNA mutation) reduced frameshifting, and two others (another ribosomal protein mutation and another rRNA mutation) had no effect. Three antisuppressor rRNA mutations all reduced Tyl frameshifting; however the antisuppressor mutation in the ribosomal protein did not show any effect. Among nonribosomal mutations, the allosuppressor protein phosphatase mutation enhanced Tyl frameshifting, whereas the partially inactive prion form of the release factor eRF3 caused a slight decrease, if any effect. A mutant form of the other release factor, eRF1, also had no effect on frameshifting. Our data suggest that Ty frameshifting is under the control of the cellular translational machinery. Surprisingly we find that translational suppressors can affect Ty frameshifting in either direction, whereas antisuppressors have either no effect or cause a decrease.

Base Sequence↗