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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Long-term follow-up study on sequelae of carbon monoxide poisoning; serial investigation 33 years after poisoning].

1. We examined 156 patients 33 years after CO poisoning occurred at the Miike Mikawa Mine, Fukuoka, Japan. The subjects were classified according to age as follows: between 55 and 59 years (n = 14), 60 and 69 years (n = 62), 70 and 79 years (n = 60), and 80 and 87 years (n = 18). The mean age was 69.2 years old. Concerning the duration of coma that occurred soon after the accident, 64 remained comatose from 0 to 6 hours, 46 from 6 to 12 hours and 46 from 12 to 48 hours. 2. Subjective symptoms were observed in 96.8% of the patients. Among them, forgetfulness was noted in 89.7%, followed by irritability in 66.7%, headache in 59.6%, insomnia in 55.8%, limb pain in 46.8%, dull head feeling in 42.9% and dizziness in 36.5%. 3. Intellectual disturbances were observed in 68.6% of the patients, including impression disturbance in 58.3%, memory disturbance in 51.9%, calculation disturbance in 63.5%, thinking disturbance in 61.5% and disorientation in 14.1%. 4. Apathy and disorder of volition and interest which were found in 72.4% were included in personality change because all symptoms persisted for many years. Personality change was classified as follows: weakness of emotion and will (hypobulia) in 54.4%, infantilism in 35.2%, hyperactive, talkactive and lack of inhibition in 18.5%, lack of self-possession and unstable temper in 9.6%, depression in 15.3%, neurosis in 7.6% and schizophrenic state in 2.5%. Among these symptoms of personality change, weakness of emotion and will and infantilism were conspicuous among the patients who remained in a coma for more than 6 hours soon after the accident but showed no relationship with age. 5. Neurological symptoms that were found in 48.7% of the patients were classified as sensory disturbance in 25.6%, peripheral nerve symptoms in 16.0%, pyramidal symptoms in 14.1%, ataxia and cranial nerve symptoms in 7.1%, paroxysmal symptoms in 6.4% and focal symptoms in 4.5%, extrapyramidal symptoms in 21.8% (Parkinsonism in 4.5%, tremor in 10.9% and muscle rigidity in 16.0%) and vegetative symptoms in 37.2%. 6. At the time of investigation, 5 CO poisoning patients were classified as serious cases (3.2%), 20 as comparatively serious (12.8%) medium-degree cases, 28 as comparatively mild (17.9%) medium-degree cases, 37 as comparatively serious (23.7%) mild cases, 42 as comparatively mild (26.9%) mild cases, 24 (15.4%) as having symptoms which were not problematic, and 24 (15.4%) as having symptoms that markedly worsened due to complication. 7. A total of 138 (88.4%) cases had complications were classified as follows: 78 cases (50.0%) of hypertension, 62 cases (39.7%) of cerebral infarction, 24 cases (15.4%) of cardiac disturbance, 21 cases (13.5%) of diabetes mellitus, 14 cases (9.0%) of hepatic disturbance and six cases of silicosis (3.8%). 8. Cranial MRI was carried out for 129 cases (82.7%). Of the abnormal findings identified, cerebral atrophy accounted for 72.0% (93 cases), including moderate and severe cases in 47.2% (61 cases), pallidum lesion for 37.9% (49 cases), lacunar infarction (including cerebral infarction) for 52.7% (68 cases), and hippocampal atrophy for 18.6% (24 cases). Many cases of cerebral atrophy and hippocampal atrophy were observed in patients who remained in the initial coma for more than 12 hours and were 80 years of age or old. The cases of pallidum lesion were observed in patients who remained in the initial coma for more than 6 hours, and no relationship with age was found. The other findings, cerebral atrophy and lacunar infarction showed a slight relationship with age. 9. Among the moderate and serious cases of intellectual disturbance, cerebral atrophy constituted to 62.5%, lacunar infarction 68.7% and pallidum lesion 50.0%. Among the moderate and serious cases of personality change, cerebral atrophy constituted 78.5%, lacunar infarction 35.0% and pallidum lesion 50.0%. Moreover, among extrapyramidal symptoms, pallidum lesion constituted 58.6%, cerebral atrophy 55.1% and lacun

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2002

[Successful treatment in a case of podostroma cornu-damae poisoning, a deadly poisonous mushroom].

UNLABELLED: In this case study, a 62-year-old man ate a piece of of Podostroma cornu-damae, poisonous mushroom, by mistake and suffered from severe diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration. The next day he received about 9 liters of solution intravenously over a 12 hour period at his neighboring hospital. The mushroom was identified as Podostroma cornu-damae and he was transported to our hospital on the same day. When he arrived, hypotension due to high capillary permeability accompanied by protein leakage, Leukocytosis, and faint erythema on the body were observed. He was immediately treated by continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) and large quantities of solution were given while monitoring the patient's pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac output. On the seventh day, Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia became severe and hemophagocytosis was observed. Plasma exchange (PE) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) were effectively used to treat these hematological disorders. In addition, hypouricemia was also observed, severe depilation occurred, and the skin lesions gradually changed to lameller desquamation. The patient needed over 30 days to recover from leukocytopenia. CONCLUSION: It is important to infuse large quantities of solution in the initial treatment of Podostroma cornu-damae poisoning, and blood purification therapy (CHDF and PE) may be highly recommended.

Fluid Therapy↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning of bivalves in seafood market of Guangzhou].

OBJECTIVE: Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in 7 species of economical shellfishes were analyzed for 1 year, which collected from Huangsha seafood market of Guangzhou from Apr, 2004 to Mar, 2005. METHODS: The levels of PSP and DSP in bivalves were determined with mouse bioassay of AOAC. The risk assessment of PSP and DSP in bivalves was conducted according to FAO and Chinese Administration Organization of Fish Culture and Seaport. RESULTS: PSP was detected in 2 species of the shellfishes assayed and DSP was found out in 6 species. The content of PSP was lower than 4MU/g tissue, whereas the level of PSP in glands was higher than in muscles. DSP toxin was detected in 36 samples of 6 species, what is more, DSP level in 10 samples exceeded the safety threshold. The levels in PSP and DSP of bivalves were all higher in spring and winter with some characteristic of season. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that PSP in economical shellfish in Guangzhou market was lower, and shellfish was safe to eat in term of the PSP level if glands were discarded, but DSP contamination in bivalves was severe. It is essential to detect and assess the risk of DSP and PSP in bivalves from seafood market in the future.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Trauma and poisoning in children and adolescents in Poland from 1980-1985 in the light of data on hospitalization. III. Hospital mortality of children and adolescents in Poland from trauma and poisoning].

The hospital mortality of children and adolescents hospitalized for traumas and intoxications in Poland in 1980-1985 is discussed. Only 20% of deaths due to these causes occurred in hospitals, the remaining deaths were on the scene of accident or in the home of the patient. The hospital mortality was similar in boys and girls although the frequency of hospitalization for trauma and intoxication was twice as high in boys as in girls. The main causes of death in hospital were cranial trauma, spinal fractures, internal organ injuries, burns and poisoning. With the exception of poisoning these causes produced a higher mortality in hospital of young individuals from rural areas than those from urban centres. Without respect to the place of residence nearly 40% of hospital deaths occurred on the first day in hospital.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Lead and zinc poisoning and the interaction between Pb and Zn poisoning in the foal.

Groups of young growing horses were fed toxic amounts of lead only, zinc only and the same amounts of lead and zinc together. Those fed Pb only developed pharyngeal and laryngeal paralysis ("roaring") whereas those fed Zn only and Pb and Zn together developed the same clinical syndrome which included swelling at the epiphyseal region of the long bones, stiffness and lameness. Anemia and decreased weight gains were most pronounced in animals fed Zn for the longest periods. Animals fed Pb only did not become anemic and weight loss did not occur until after there was an interference in swallowing. The clinical signs and tissue Pb values from animals fed toxic amounts of both Pb and Zn continuously, differed markedly from those present in animals fed comparable amounts of Pb only. Th clinical signs were similar to those caused by Zn poisoning. The hepatic and renal tissue Pb values were approximately twice as high and the epiphyseal and cancellous bone sample results were one half as high as the comparable Pb values from animals fed toxic amounts of Pb only. It appeared that toxic amounts of Zn prevented the development of clinical signs of Pb poisoning in the young growing horse.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1994

The effect of acute carbon monoxide poisoning on the respiratory system efficiency. II. Types of ventilatory disorder and dynamics of changes according to the severity of carbon monoxide poisoning.

As a result of acute carbon monoxide poisoning ventilatory disturbances were found in 62.2% of 91 examined persons, who had never before suffered from any respiratory diseases. An obturation of the central and small bronchi and mixed disorders proved to be the most frequent ventilatory disturbance. In a larger group of patients regression of respiratory disorders was observed after treatment. However, in 44% of medium and severe poisoned persons respiratory disorders, mainly small bronchi obturation, persisted after medication.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute methotrexate poisoning: apropos of 16 cases reported to the Paris Poison Control Center and review of the literature].

16 cases of acute methotrexate (MTX) poisoning were reported to the Paris Poison Control Centre and 62 others were published between 1974 and 1995. Until 1992, MTX was mainly prescribed for neoplastic diseases. Clinical features involve acute renal failure, pancytopenia, and cutaneous or mucous injury. These cases emphasise major risk factors responsible for misuse and overdosage. Since 1992, MTX has been increasingly used in rheumatological or pulmonary diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, steroid-dependent asthma). Most of the overdosages were due to a medical misuse (in the dosage regimen or a misunderstanding of the prescription by nurse, pharmacist or patient). All patients had a bone marrow suppression. The treatment is based especially on early administration of folinic acid rescue.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Bluefish-associated scombroid poisoning. An example of the expanding spectrum of food poisoning from seafood.

Five persons who attended a medical conference developed symptoms suggestive of an intoxication after a common meal. Although the symptoms were recognized as typical of scombroid poisoning, no fish of the Scrombridae family had been served. However, food histories implicated bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix). The initially frozen bluefish had been improperly handled in storage and thawing. Elevated levels of histamine, putrescine, and cadaverine were detected in uncooked samples. This outbreak emphasizes that scombroid-type poisoning (1) can be caused by nonscombroid fish such as bluefish, (2) is probably more common than currently recognized, and (3) may become even more widespread as fish become a larger part of our diet. Physicians who work in conjunction with public health officials can help prevent additional cases and outbreaks.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prompt recovery from severe cholinesterase-inhibitor poisoning--remarks on classification and therapy of organophosphate poisoning.

In organophosphate intoxication the assessment of both the degree of severity of poisoning and the initial dose of pralidoxime and atropine are as yet based only on clinical symptoms. We present three patients with clinically severe organophosphate poisoning in whom a prompt recovery from central nervous symptoms occurred after the administration of low doses of atropine and pralidoxime. It is suggested that the true severity of organophosphate intoxication as well as the initial therapy should be determined by the amount ingested, the propensity for aging, and the pharmacodynamic properties of the organophosphorus compound, as well as by the time interval between exposure and initiation of appropriate treatment, as far as these data can be verified in the individual patient.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

[Chronic thallium poisoning. Study of criminal poisoning].

In a 42-year-old man with abdominal symptoms, loss of hair and increasing distal polyneuropathy in both legs, the clinical suspicion of thallium poisoning was confirmed by urinary and blood analysis. Hair analysis provided a pointer to the time of poisoning. In addition to symptomatic measures, treatment consisted of administration of potassium-iron (III) hexacyanoferrate (II) (Berlin blue), combined with forced diuresis. Despite the overall favourable course, residual symptoms of distal polyneuropathy were still present 6 months after discharge from hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Contamination of shellfish from Shanghai seafood markets with paralytic shellfish poisoning and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins determined by mouse bioassay and HPLC.

This paper reports the results of investigations of shellfish toxin contamination of products obtained from Shanghai seafood markets. From May to October 2003, 66 samples were collected from several major seafood markets. Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in shellfish samples were monitored primarily by a mouse bioassay, then analysed by HPLC for the chemical contents of the toxins. According to the mouse bioassay, eight samples were detected to be contaminated by PSP toxins and seven samples were contaminated by DSP toxins. Subsequent HPLC analysis indicated that the concentrations of the PSP toxins ranged from 0.2 to 1.9 microg/100 g tissues and the main components were gonyautoxins 2/3 (GTX2/3). As for DSP, okadaic acid was detected in three samples, and its concentration ranged from 3.2 to 17.5 microg/100 g tissues. Beside okadaic acid, its analogues, dinophysistoxins (DTX1), were found in one sample. According to the results, gastropod (Neverita didyma) and scallop (Argopecten irradians) were more likely contaminated with PSP and DSP toxins, and most of the contaminated samples were collected from Tongchuan and Fuxi markets. In addition, the contaminated samples were always found in May, June and July. Therefore, consumers should be cautious about eating the potential toxic shellfish during this specific period.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of self-injury and self-poisoning from the Regional Poisoning Treatment Centre, Edinburgh.

Injury and poisoning episodes at the Regional Poisoning Treatment Centre, Edinburgh, were compared for the years 1980-1986. Injury was more likely to be associated with youth, male sex and single status. When these demographic differences were controlled for, injury was found to be associated with the following clinical variables: personality disorder, previous psychiatric inpatient status, use of alcohol at the time of parasuicide and alcohol problems, and the social variables-violence against others and received from relatives in the preceding 5 years, criminal record and unemployment. These have been consistently associated with repetition of parasuicide. A history of injury as a putative marker of repetition and the clinical implication of its association with alcohol problems are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Admission of self-poisoned patients during one year at the Poisoning Treatment Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.

The study comprises 541 patients admitted to the Poisoning Treatment Centre at Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen; 440 of the patients were psychiatrically evaluated prospectively. The sex distribution was almost equal. In comparison with the normal population there was an overrepresentation of the age groups of 30-49 years old and of 18-19 years old. Only 20% were employed. Sixty-nine percent of the males and 40% of the females were living alone. Forty-six percent of the patients had some sort of abuse. Twenty-one percent suffered from psychotic disorder. Forty-eight percent had at least once before attempted suicide. The group was found to be at high risk of repeating suicide attempt according to a scale developed in the poisoning treatment centre in Edinburgh. The treatment of suicidal patients is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Potassium permanganate poisoning--a rare cause of fatal self poisoning.

Attempted suicide by self poisoning is common because of the ready availability of drugs, whether prescribed or bought over the counter. In some cases, the ingestion of seemingly innocuous household products or chemicals can result in death. Potassium permanganate is an example. Poisoning with potassium permanganate can be fatal when a significant amount is ingested, as shown by a patient who suffered both the corrosive and systemic toxic effects of this chemical.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Quinine poisoning in children.

The accidental ingestion of quinine by children causes significant morbidity and mortality. We have reviewed quinine poisoning as presented in the medical literature and our experience of paediatric quinine poisoning during the period from January 1975 to September 1986. The clinical features that were seen in our patients were similar to those that are described in larger series. In our series, 13 children were identified, of whom 11 children were aged one to two years. Ten children either remained asymptomatic or made a complete recovery. Two children had a persisting major deficit and one died. Once ingestion of quinine has occurred, absorption should be prevented by the emptying of the stomach with ipecacuanha or gastric lavage promptly and then by the administration of activated charcoal. Once toxicity develops, supportive therapy should be given, but there is no specific therapy to reduce toxicity or to enhance elimination. Physicians who prescribe quinine should be aware of the potential dangers to small children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Treatment of toxicodendron dermatitis (poison ivy and poison oak).

Toxicodendron dermatitis results from a reaction to an oil soluble oleoresin that is present in many parts of the poison ivy and poison oak plants. Prophylactic measures include avoidance, protective clothing, barrier creams and hyposensitization. Treatments include washing the area immediately with a solvent suitable for lipids and the use of anti-inflammatory agents, especially corticosteroids.

Bentonite↗
PubMed1992

[The number of admissions to Dutch hospitals for barbiturate poisoning from 1981-1989 and those for poisoning with sedatives and hypnotics,and benzodiazepines].

Over the period 1981 to 1989, the number of admissions to Dutch general hospitals for barbiturate poisoning has dropped sharply and steadily, due to a more restrictive policy in prescribing regarding these sedatives. This trend is also present concerning poisoning with sedatives and hypnotics in general (ICD-code 967), but not concerning those with benzodiazepines (ICD-code 969.4). The female-male ratio was nearly 2:1. This difference is possibly due to the fact that females take more medication than males.

Adolescent↗