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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Substitution of protein feed through lysine-supplemented high-protein wheat during the rearing and laying period of hens. 4. Effect of graded lysine doses during the rearing of young hens on the performance characteristics during the laying period].

1530 laying hybrid hens kept under conditions of large-scale production were used to test whether varying lysine levels given to young hens would later on influence the production of the birds during their laying period. Thus, young hens received isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with varying lysine content (group 1-4: 0.59%, 0.61%, 0.54%, 0.46%) and varying sources of lysine (group 1: wheat/fish meal; group 2--4: wheat/synthetic L-lysine). The ration used for the controls was prepared on the basis of nationally prescribed formulas.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

How salient is the silent period? The role of the silent period in the prognosis of upper extremity motor recovery after severe stroke.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been successful in the prediction of motor recovery in acute stroke patients with initially severe paresis or paralysis of the upper extremity. Motor evoked potentials (MEP) appear to have a high specificity but a rather low sensitivity with regard to motor recovery. The silent period (SP) has been proposed as an additional factor to the MEP for predicting motor recovery that might optimize the sensitivity of TMS. The authors reviewed the literature and case series focusing on the additional value of the SP to the MEP for predicting poststroke hand motor recovery. Studies that have analyzed the SP for predicting poststroke motor recovery have rather inconsistent results and suffer from heterogeneity in technical methods, methodology, and patient characteristics. In most studies, prolonged SPs have been found immediately after stroke, whereas in the (sub)acute phase thereafter, different patterns of SP duration have been found. These differences are thought to be related to stroke localization, though contraction-induced reduction phenomena and recovery-related intracortical phenomena may also be responsible. Although the SP might be used to identify clinically silent or minor strokes, in acute stroke patients with initial severe paresis or paralysis, the SP seems to have no additional value to MEP for predicting poststroke motor recovery. Nevertheless, the SP (poststroke-reduced SPs and contraction-induced inhibitory phenomena) has been proposed as a prognostic factor for poststroke spasticity. This review emphasizes the significance of the SP in predicting poststroke motor recovery and spasticity. Although the relation among the SP, recovery-related intracortical phenomena, and spasticity remains unclear, a neurophysiologic model underlying the SP is discussed. However, more research is needed on the value of the SP for predicting poststroke spasticity.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1966

The effect of multiple S-delta periods on responding on a fixed-interval schedule. V. Effect of periods of complete darkness and of occasional omissions of food presentations.

In pigeons under fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement, responding during most of the interval can be suppressed by stimulus conditions never present when a response is promptly followed by reinforcing stimuli. When the external stimuli obtaining immediately before reinforcement are presented during brief probe periods in the course of the interval, the rate of responding in the probe depends on the temporal position of the probe during the interval; the rate of responding is lower during a probe early in the interval than during one late in the interval. The present experiments show that the temporal dependency still holds (1) in birds with no experience under unmodified fixed-interval schedules, (2) when the time between probes is spent in complete darkness, and (3) when food presentations are omitted at the end of 50% of intervals. The results strengthen and extend the conclusion from previous studies that the time relations themselves are the primary control of rate of responding under fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Fertility study of cefodizime sodium in mice--intravenous administration from pre-conceptional period through early period of gestation].

Cefodizime sodium (THR-221) was intravenously administered to mice of both sexes at dose levels of 300, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mg/kg/day, and its effects on the fertility of male and female mice and on their offspring were examined. Twenty-four males and 24 females were used per dose and as a control group. The males were dosed for 9 weeks prior to mating and through the mating period, and the females were treated from 2 weeks before mating through day 6 of gestation. Cesarean sections were performed on all pregnant mice in each group (16-23) on day 18 of gestation. Of the parental mice, 1, 2 and 1 males died at 0 (control), 2000 and 3000 mg/kg/day, respectively, and 5 females died at 3000 mg/kg/day. Inflammatory changes in the skin at the injection site were observed in the males at 3000 mg/kg/day. In the males, the kidney weight at 3000 mg/kg/day and the spleen weights at 2000 and 3000 mg/kg/day increased, and the thymus weight at 3000 mg/kg/day decreased, as compared with the control values. No differences appeared between any compound-treated group and the control group in the following maternal and fetal parameters: copulation rate, conception rate, and body and placental weights, crown-rump length and sex ratio of the live fetuses. External, visceral and skeletal examinations on the live fetuses revealed no compound-related abnormalities. From the present results, it is considered that the no-effect doses of THR-221 for the parental mice and the fetuses are 1000 and 3000 mg/kg/day, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effect of overfeeding during the dry period on regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in dairy cows during the periparturient period.

During the dry period, cows were either fed restricted amounts or were overfed to study lipolytic rates in adipose tissue. Higher lipolytic rates can result in greater accumulation of triacylglycerols in liver and, subsequently, hepatic lipidosis. Adipose tissue was biopsied at -1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wk from parturition. The basal in vitro lipolytic rate was measured as well as the lipolytic rate as affected by the addition of noradrenaline, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or glucose. Liver was biopsied to quantify triacylglycerol concentrations. Blood was collected to determine insulin and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations. Basal in vitro lipolytic rates at -1 and 0.5 wk were lower in overfed cows. Lipolytic rate was enhanced in both groups of cows when noradrenaline was added, but rates at -1 and 3 wk tended to be higher in overfed cows than in cows that were fed restricted amounts. After the addition of 3-hydroxybutyrate or glucose in vitro, lipolytic rates tended to be higher in overfed cows. Liver triacylglycerol concentration was higher in overfed cows at 0.5 and 1 wk. Plasma insulin concentration tended to be higher in overfed cows at -1 wk. Plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration was higher in overfed cows at 0.5 and 1 wk. Although overfeeding compared with restricted feeding did not significantly alter the in vitro lipolytic response to 3-hydroxybutyrate or glucose, adipose tissue from overfed cows tended to be less inhibited by these substances, which may contribute to higher lipolytic rates in vivo and a greater triacylglycerol accumulation in the liver after parturition.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1989

Effects of lighting program during the growing period and dietary fat during the laying period on broiler breeder performance.

In two experiments, broiler breeders were grown in either of two lighting regimens, fed diets without added fat, and then fed diets with or without 5% added poultry fat during the subsequent laying period. In Experiment 1 half the birds were subjected to decreasing daylength using daylight (800 lx) and half were subjected to 9 h of incandescent light (20 lx) to 20 wk of age. In Experiment 2 the lighting regimen was either an 8-h photoperiod supplied by daylight (800 lx) or an 8-h photoperiod supplied by incandescent light (20 lx) to 20 wk of age. Added dietary fat produced significantly higher egg weight (Experiments 1 and 2), egg production (Experiment 2), and significantly lower fertility and hatchability of fertile eggs (Experiments 1 and 2). Short photoperiods (8 or 9 h) provided by incandescent light produced significantly higher fertility (Experiments 1 and 2) and hatchability of fertile eggs (Experiment 2), and significantly lower egg specific gravity, shell percentage (Experiment 1), egg weight, and eggshell weight (Experiment 2). Effects on fertility may be related to higher female body weight during lay due to daylight rearing or added fat, or relative changes in light intensity at photostimulation.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Medicare program; schedule of limits on home health agency costs per visit for cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1991--HCFA. Notice with comment period.

This notice sets forth a revised schedule of limits on home health agency costs that may be paid under the Medicare program. This revised schedule of limits applies to cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1991. As required by section 4207(d) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Pub. L. 101-508), this revised schedule of limits incorporates a blended hospital wage index.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1992

Medicare program; schedule of limits on home health agency costs per visit for cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1992--HCFA. Notice with comment period.

This notice sets forth a revised schedule of limits on home health agency costs that may be paid under the Medicare program. This revised schedule of limits applies to cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 1992. As required by section 4207(d)(3)(B) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (Pub. L. 101-508), this revised schedule of limits incorporates a blended hospital wage index.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1998

Regulations for in vivo radiopharmaceuticals used for diagnosis and monitoring; extension of comment period--FDA. Proposed rule; extension of comment period.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is extending to October 15, 1998, the comment period on a proposal rule that was published in the Federal Register of May 22, 1998 (63 FR 28301). The document proposed to amend the drug and biologics regulations by adding provisions that would clarify the evaluation and approval of in vivo radiopharmaceuticals used in the diagnosis or monitoring of diseases. The agency is taking this action to provide interested persons additional time to submit comments to FDA on the proposed rule.

Drug Approval↗
PubMed1998

Medicare program; update of ratesetting methodology, payment rates, payment policies, and the list of covered procedures for ambulatory surgical centers effective October 1, 1998; reopening of comment period and delay in adoption of the proposed rule as final--HCFA. Notice of reopening of comment period for proposed rule and delay in adoption of provisions of the proposed rule as final.

This notice reopens the comment period for a proposed rule affecting Medicare payments to ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) that was originally published in the Federal Register on June 12, 1998 (63 FR 32290). This document gives notice of a delay in the adoption of the provisions of the June 12, 1998 ASC proposed rule as a final rule to be concurrent with the adoption as final of the hospital outpatient prospective payment system (PPS) that is the subject of a proposed rule published in the Federal Register on September 8, 1998 (63 FR 47551). In addition this document confirms that the current ASC payment rates that are effective for services furnished on or after October 1, 1998, will remain in effect until rebased ASC rates and the provisions of the June 12, 1998 ASC proposed rule are adopted as final to be concurrent with the adoption as final of the Medicare hospital PPS.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1988

Medicare program; periodic interim payments for hospitals and other providers--HCFA. Final rule with comment period.

This rule implements section 9311(a) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986, which sets forth the circumstances under which the periodic interim payment (PIP) method is available for services furnished by hospitals and other providers. Generally, inpatient hospital services furnished by hospitals excluded from the prospective payment system, as well as skilled nursing facility services, home health services, and hospice care services may be paid for on a PIP basis. With certain exceptions, inpatient hospital services furnished by prospective payment hospitals are not eligible for payment on a PIP basis.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1982

Medicare program; schedule of limits on hospital inpatient operating costs for cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 1982--HCFA. Interim final notice with comment period.

This notice sets forth a schedule of limits on the hospital inpatient operating costs that may be reimbursed under Medicare for cost reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 1982. These limits are needed to implement changes in the Medicare law that were made by section 101(a) of Pub. L. 97-248, the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982. The new limits differ from the current per diem limits on inpatient general routine operating costs in several major respects. First, they are not restricted to costs of inpatient general routine care, but cover total inpatient operating costs, including the costs of general routine service, special care, and ancillary services. The new limits will be applied on a cost per discharge rather than cost per diem basis. Finally, they are adjusted to reflect differences in the mix of Medicare cases treated by each hospital. The limits are similar to the current limits in that they do not apply to outpatient service cost, capital-related costs, malpractice insurance costs, or costs a hospital allocates to the interns and residents (in approved programs) or nursing school cost centers on its Medicare cost report. They also do not apply to children's hospitals, long-term care hospitals, or rural hospitals with fewer than 50 beds. The notice explains our methodology for deriving and applying the new limits.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1998

Health Care Fraud and Abuse Data Collection Program: reporting of final adverse actions--extension of comment period--OIG, HHS. Notice of proposed rulemaking; extension of comment period.

On October 30, 1998, we published a notice of proposed rulemaking designed to set forth the policy and procedures for implementing the new Healthcare Integrity and Protection Data Banks (HIPDB), in accordance with the statutory requirements of section 1128E of the Social Security Act, as added by section 221(a) of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 (63 FR 58341). We are extending the comment period at the request of several organizations.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2000

[Usefulness of early tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT during subacute period to estimate salvaged myocardium in patients with acute myocardial infarction--comparing with tetrofosmin myocardial SPECT during chronic period and evaluating regional wall motion using QGS method].

To evaluate salvaged myocardium of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we performed rest 99mTc-tetrofosmin (TF) SPECT with rest Tl and Tc-pyrophosphate (PYP) dual SPECT within 10 days after admission in 19 patients with initial AMI, who all were reperfused successfully and without restenosis. TF SPECT was obtained at 15 minutes (E) after tracer injection, 4 hours later (D), and 5 months later (FU). We calculated the regional uptake score (RUS) of infarcted area estimated by Tc-PYP uptake and defined RUS(FU) of TF(FU) as salvaged myocardium, and then regarded RUS/RUS(FU) x 100 (%) as subacute predicted value of salvaged myocardium. Furthermore, we regarded the improvement of wall motion estimated by QGS method as the guidepost of myocardial viability. The subacute predicted value of TF(E) was 85 +/- 25%, which was significantly higher than 61 +/- 28% of Tl and 36 +/- 24% of TF(D) (p < 0.01). Sensitivity and specificity of myocardial viability based on the improvement of wall motion SPECT image were 78% and 73% for Tl, 90% and 87% for TF(E) and 52% and 87% for TF(D). TF myocardial early imaging in subacute period was useful to detect salvaged myocardium.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autosomal dominant periodic fever with AA amyloidosis: tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) in a Turkish family.

We investigated the presence of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) in a Turkish family with recurrent fever and systemic reactive (AA) amyloidosis. A missense mutation in exon 3 of the TNFRSF1A gene, resulting in an amino acid substitution Phe60Leu (F60L) was found in the proband and his father. These are the first confirmed TRAPS cases in the Turkish population. This family highlights the importance of onsidering all the causes of inherited fevers and performing thorough clinical and genetic investigations to secure a diagnosis, even in populations in which familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is highly prevalent.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Rules for the issuance of work report receipts, payment of benefits for trial work period service months after a fraud conviction, changes to the student earned income exclusion, and expansion of the reentitlement period for childhood disability benefits. Final rules.

We are revising our rules to reflect and implement sections 202, 208, 420A, and 432 of the Social Security Protection Act of 2004 (the SSPA). Section 202 of the SSPA requires us to issue a receipt each time you or your representative report a change in your work activity or give us documentation of a change in your earnings if you receive benefits based on disability under title II or title XVI of the Social Security Act (the Act). Section 208 changes the way we pay benefits during the trial work period if you are convicted by a Federal court of fraudulently concealing your work activity. Section 420A changed the law to allow you to become reentitled to childhood disability benefits under title II at any time if your previous entitlement to childhood disability benefits was terminated because of the performance of substantial gainful activity. Section 432 changes the way we decide if you are eligible for the student earned income exclusion. We will also apply the student earned income exclusion when determining the countable income of an ineligible spouse or ineligible parent. We are also changing the SSI student policy to include home schooling as a form of regular school attendance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[End of embryonic somite period in the rat and a comparison with the corresponding embryonic period in humans].

The end of the embryonic somite period--stage 12 according of the Carnegie Institution--was identified in the rat. The series was composed of 23 embryos taken out from uterus on day 11/4H, day 11/5H and day 11/10H post fertilization. The specimens were submitted to external macroscopic examinations and to histological sections. The rat development of this stage was characterized by the closure of the caudal neuropore, the evidence of 3 pharyngeal archs, the closure of the otic vesicle, the presence of the fore limb buds, the beginning of the cardiac septa. This stage, being similar to this of human embryos, the authors concluded that rat could be an excellent comparative model for experimental Teratology.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory and metabolic ultradian (40 min<period<6h) variations in normal premature infants periodically fed through a gastric tube.

Oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide emission (VCO2) have been continuously recorded for 24 consecutive hours in 7 premature infants with a range of gestational age of 29-31 weeks at birth, and placed in incubators within a thermal neutral limit. These infants, submitted to continuous light, were fed every 3-4h through a gastric tube which was left in their stomachs throughout the whole experiment. Variance and spectral analyses performed on VCO2 values sampled on the recordings every 10 min showed ultradian variations, in the 40 min-6 h period range, which represent 20 and even 40% of the mean level. Moreover 5 out of the 7 premature infants show ultradian VCO2, VO2 and respiratory quotient rhythms related to feeding frequency.

Activity Cycles↗