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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Bulging mesothelial cells of the visceral pleura of the rat mimic the network of subpleural lymphatics.

The mesothelial surface of the visceral pleura of the Wistar rat was viewed at high resolution by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pleural surface showed exquisite linear arrangements made up of bulging mesothelial cells. They were organized in irregular circles that often presented anastomotic junctures. This arrangement of pleural mesothelial cells mimics the organization of subpleural lymphatics of the lung. A low density of microvilli was seen inside the irregular circles, contrasting with the microvilli-rich mesothelial cells seen on or outside these arrangements. These SEM features of the mesothelium may be related with the formation of microdomains for fluid absorption across the visceral pleura into subpleural lymphatics.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Mesothelioma of the pleura--diagnosis with imaging procedures].

Typical radiological findings in patients with diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma are nodular opacities of the pleura including the fissures, pleural effusion, shrinking of the ipsilateral hemithorax, and mediastinal shift. The radiological differentiation between pleural mesothelioma and benign pleural tumors is possible; however, a secondary metastatic pleural involvement imitates pleural mesothelioma. Magnetic resonance imaging is superior to computed tomography in the preoperative assessment of tumor extension, because it demonstrates exactly the tumor extension in the coronal or sagittal plane. The noninvasive ultrasound examination is helpful in the evaluation of the diaphragmatic pleura and the costodiaphragmatic spaces.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

[Repeated operations on the lungs and pleura in tuberculosis].

Reoperations were performed on 71 patients for tuberculosis of the lungs and pleura at the Phthisiosurgical Department of the Kostroma Regional Antituberculotic Clinic from 1971 to 1990. A total of 159 operative interventions were carried out. Among the indications for repeated operations were complications in the early postoperative period, recurrence, reactivation, and progress of the tuberculous process in the lung which had been operated on, tuberculous empyema of the pleura with a bronchopleural fistula, empyema of the residual pleural cavity and a bronchial fistula forming in the late-term periods after the first operation. Operative interventions were undertaken for the second time for tuberculosis of the lung on which the first operation was conducted in chronic abscess. Finally, operations were repeated for other reasons (excision of a ligature fistula, resection of the ribs for osteomyelitis, etc.). Reoperations on 23 patients who had undergone surgery for recurrence or exacerbation of a tuberculous process in the lung consisted in removal of areas of pulmonary tissue remaining after the first operation, they were of the type of pulmonectomy. This is a technically difficult intervention due to the presence of marked cicatricial adhesions in the pleural cavity and changed topography of the thoracic organs and tissues of the thoracic wall. The results of the reoperations were good.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Benign tumors of the pleura].

The authors report a case of benign tumour of the pleura in a 74 year old woman. This is a pediculated tumour of the right base posteriorly above the diaphragm, the pleural nature of which was recognised before surgery and which, microscopically, proved to be a localized, benign mesothelioma of fibroblastic type. Benigh tumours of the pleura are rare but raise two interesting problems: that of their precise origin which is debated, and their prognosis; the possibility of relapse should be borne in mind.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in the pleura and review of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis Ceelen-Gellerstedt disease].

Ceelen's disease has been considered after the first description as a rather well defined nosological entity with severe pathological findings in the kind of a "brownish induration of the lung without a detectable extrapulmonary circulation". Nowadays this disease enter into the general discussion of uncertain pulmonary bleeding mechanism. So far not further characterized structural changes in the pleura in an open lung biopsy of a 28-year-old woman with Ceelen's disease are reported. Basically the alterations consists of disruption of the elastic laminae associated with a giant cell reaction with incorporation of elastica fragments. In a survey of mainly pathological anatomical reports on Ceelen's disease the hypothesis of a primary alteration of the elastic tissue is confronted with the hypothesis of a primary not yet in detail characterised defect of the alveolar-capillary entity and brought in relation to the particular findings in the pleura.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Use of polymer hemostatic cotton and plate in surgery of the lungs and pleura].

The article discusses the efficacy of using polymeric hemostatic wool and plate in operations on the lungs and pleura in experiments. From the results of experimental studies the authors concluded that a biodegradable polyamide based on hexamethylenediamine and derivatives of amino acids in a model of parenchymatous-capillary bleeding from the lungs and pleura is an effective hemostatic. The authors recommend these polymers for use in the clinic.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of a plasma unit in surgery of the lung and pleura].

On the basis of 35 experiments on dogs and clinical experience in operations on the lungs and pleura in 11 patients with the use of a plasma stream and special miniature nozzles the authors revealed the following: reliable hemostasis and aerostasis in cutting pulmonary tissue and pleura; tissue wounds inflicted by a stream of plasma are sterile; the zone of coagulation necrosis is no larger than 1 mm; healing occurs predominantly according to the type of aseptic productive inflammation with growth of connective tissue into the thermal crust. The operation in all patients was successful, no complications developed. The design of the BCBY-160 plasma apparatus should be improved to make it more compact, to reduce its size.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of low-frequency ultrasound on the pleura and adjoining lung tissue].

Morphological changes in the pleura and adjacent pulmonary tissue were studied in 50 rabbits exposed to various doses of low-frequency ultrasound. When the exposure did not exceed 20 sec/cm2, no changes in pleural structure were noted. A longer period of exposure was followed by serous effusion. The contact of a wave-guide with the lung tissue caused the necrosis of the pleura and adjacent tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid in parietal pleura of the rabbit (author's transl)].

The parietal pleura of rabbits was incubated with 14C-glucosamine. It was found that 14C-glucosamine was incorporated into the fraction of crude glycosaminoglycans. Then the crude glycosaminoglycans were fractionated by using specific mucopolysaccharide-lyases (hyaluronidase from streptomyces hyalurolytics, chondroitinase AC and chondroitinase ABC). As a result, evidence was obtained that hyaluronic acid was synthesized in parietal pleura and was released into the surroundings.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The yellow nail syndrome. Light and electron microscopic aspects of the pleura.

The yellow nail syndrome is a rare cause of recurrent pleural effusions. We studied a case of this entity, placing special emphasis on the microscopic and ultrastructural aspects of the pleural lymphatics. The patient had the classic symptoms of recurrent bilateral pleural effusions, yellow, dystrophic fingernails and toenails, and lower-limb edema. To control the pleural effusions, a left parietal pleurectomy was performed. Histologic study showed both pleura to be thickened with fibrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltration. The lymphatic capillaries in the visceral pleura were dilated. Electron microscopy confirmed the lymphatic nature of these capillaries. We believe that these ectatic lymphatic capillaries suggest a downstream obstruction to the lymph drainage.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Malignant thymoma with diffuse extensive growth on the pleura].

A 71-year-old man was admitted complaining of cough and high fever. Chest X-ray and CT scanning showed diffuse thickening of both pleurae and malignant mesothelioma was suspected. Upon pleural biopsy, a diagnosis of lymphosarcoma, well differentiated type, was made. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse, extensive fibrous thickening of both pleurae with multifocal spreading of tumor cells. These occasional Hassal's bodies. The latter cells were spindle-shaped and ovoid. Therefore, the tumor was diagnosed as "malignant thymoma, mixed type".

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Localized fibrous tumor of the pleura. 2 case reports and differential diagnoses].

The localized fibrous tumors of the pleura are rare neoplasms, also known as "benign pleural fibromas" or "localized mesotheliomas", but those names are inaccurate. The tumors are composed of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, intermediate and differentiated fibroblasts and collagenous interstitial tissue. Their origin is normally the submesothelial layer of the visceral pleura. Mesothelial differentiation is not present. The grading of malignancy doesn't correlate with final outcome, adequacy of surgical excision being the most important factor. This neoplasm may recur but retain its basical histologic features. The positive results for vimentin and negative results for cytokeratin antibodies help to distinguish the localized fibrous tumors from the mesothelioma. We present too cases and their diagnostic possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Hydraulic conductivity of visceral pleura in dogs].

We measured the hydraulic conductivity of the visceral pleura in seven mongrel dogs in situ. The left chest was opened at the seventh intercostal space. A hemispherical capsule, filled with physiological saline, was attached to the visceral pleura of the left lower lobe by the negative pressure in the plate, using a vacuum pump. Transpleural fluid flow (V) was measured at different intracapsular pressures (delta P). The hydraulic conductivity was calculated from the relation between fluid flow and intracapsular pressure, i.e., the slope of the linear regression line. The hydraulic conductivity was 1.49 +/- 0.68 (mean +/- SD) nL.min-1 x cmH2O-2. Our values were smaller than those of former reports obtained in vivo. It is suggested that the dynamics mechanisms of plural effusion may be clarified by studies using our method.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Localized fibrous "mesothelioma" of pleura (submesothelial fibroma): a clinicopathologic study of 18 cases.

Eighteen cases of solid fibrous tumors of the visceral pleura are studied. The series includes neoplasms of various sizes removed during the last 17 years at The Mount Sinai Hospital. Most tumors showed consistent gross and light microscopic features, such as encapsulation, preservation of pedicle, origin from visceral pleura, predominance of spindle cells with more or less hyalinized stroma, little or no pleomorphism or mitotic activity and no infiltration of the underlying lung. No sex predominance or relation to environmental pollutants was noted. Peak incidence was in the 6th decade of life. Total excision proved curative in all cases with no recurrences or complications. The cell of origin of this tumor appears to be a noncommitted mesenchymal cell present in the areolar tissue subjacent to the mesothelial lining.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura with extensive cardiac invasion and tricuspid orifice occlusion.

Malignant mesotheliomas of the pleura generally cause death by progressive encasement of the lung, but characteristically do not form large tumor masses or deeply invade the lung. Symptoms of pericardial involvement may be present in about 9% of patients at presentation, but at autopsy up to 67% are alleged to extension of the tumor to the pericardium. Infiltration of the myocardium occurs less frequently, but the exact frequency is unknown, and the extent of invasion and clinical effects are poorly documented. The authors report a case of a malignant mesothelioma of the pleura, which extended to involve the pericardium, necessitating pericardiectomy. Subsequently, the patient died as a result of tumor growth through the right atrial wall forming a large intraatrial mass that occluded the tricuspid orifice.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Diffuse malignant mesothelioma of pleura. Diagnosis and survival in 92 cases.

Clinical, radiographic, surgical, and pathologic findings and survival in 92 patients with diffuse malignant mesothelioma (DMM) of the pleura who were examined at the Mayo Clinic between 1950 and 1980, were studied retrospectively. With the use of defined criteria and ordinary tissue stains, the 92 cases were classified into the following histologic subtypes: purely epithelial, 42 cases; mixed, 29 cases; and sarcomatous, 21 cases. Eight of the sarcomatous cases were desmoplastic. Median survivals were 12, 5, and 3 months for the patients in the epithelial, mixed, and sarcomatous groups, respectively. Survival was significantly longer for patients with epithelial DMM. Women survived longer than men but more often had epithelial DMM. Early disease manifested as multiple discrete pleural nodules, predominantly on the parietal pleura. However, nine patients had a dominant mass. Radiographic signs especially suggestive of DMM were nodular pleural thickening, irregular thickening of interlobar fissures, a dominant mass, or decreased volume of the affected hemithorax.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Asbestos-related lesions of the pleura: parietal plaques compared to diffuse thickening studied with chest roentgenography, computed tomography, lung function, and gas exchange.

Lung function tests, tests of working capacity with gas exchange, and computed tomography (CT) with density measurements with the patient supine and prone were performed in 23 males with asbestos-related bilateral pleural lesions. Two had pulmonary asbestosis grade 1/0 or more; all the others had normal lung parenchyma. On x-ray, the pleural lesions were divided into plaques involving only the parietal pleura There was a and diffuse pleural fibrosis of various degrees involving the visceral pleura. There was a good correlation between the findings at plain chest roentgenography and CT, but more lesions were seen on the CT scan. However, a few pleural plaques seen on conventional films were not observed at CT. Individuals with plaques had slightly lowered lung function compared to reference subjects. Bilateral diffuse pleural fibrosis was associated with a marked decrease in pulmonary function. The two patients with radiologically evident pulmonary asbestosis were found in this group. Decreased lung function was also observed in subjects with pleural fibrosis of only grade 1 (involving less than one fourth of the hemithorax) and a normal exercise capacity. The study shows the importance of differentiation between various asbestos-related pleural lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura: Immunohistochemical analysis and evaluation of prognostic factors after surgical treatment.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) are rare neoplasms with unusual histological and clinical features. Although surgery is the treatment of choice for SFTP, tumor recurrence may occur after complete resection, even in tumors with benign histological features. The aim of the study was to identify the clinical and pathological features of SFTP that are associated with a higher risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. METHODS: From May 1995 to September 2002, 18 patients (10 female, 8 male; mean age 58 years) with SFTP underwent complete surgical treatment at our department. Mean follow-up was 61 months. Mean tumor size was 10 cm. The tumors were pedunculated in 10 patients and sessile in 8. Histological features were benign in 16 patients and malignant in 2. RESULTS: Five-year disease-free survival was 80%. A higher incidence of tumor recurrence was observed when SFTP originated from the parietal pleura, had malignant histological features and a lower expression of progesterone receptors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and pathological characteristics, such as malignant histology, sessile morphology, and a lower expression of progesterone receptors identify SFTP with a higher risk of recurrence after surgery, and which thus require strict follow-up.

Adult↗