Pediatric-pedodontic interaction in the hospital setting.
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At a time when little attention was paid to the care of children's teeth, Evangeline Jordon pioneered new techniques and laid the groundwork for what became the dental specialty, Pedodontia. Jordon went to college and became an elementary school teacher in 1885. By 1897, dissatisfied with her life as teacher and as a result of her work as a dental assistant during summer vacations, she enrolled at the University of California and graduated in dentistry in 1898. Immediately after graduation, Jordon became involved in organized dentistry and in 1901 was elected 2nd vice -president of the Southern California Dental Association. In 1901 she developed a lecture course on "Care of Children's Teeth," started a clinic at the Orphan's Home, and later also became responsible for the development of a clinic for children at the School of Dentistry at the University of California. By 1909 she had limited her practice to children and started publishing papers on dental treatment of children. In 1924 she published the first book in English on pediatric dentistry. She was one of the founders of the Federation of American Women Dentists and was active in the founding of the American Society of Dentistry for Children. She recognized the problem of nursing bottle caries and the need for the psychological training for dentists treating children. Jordon paved the way for much of our progress in pediatric dentistry. She is an example of what can be accomplished if there is a vision, a desire to serve and recognition of the needs of children.
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The comparison of findings in individual groups supported our experience with easy treatment of normal individuals. The striking and frequent cases of impossible treatment of children attending the first class of primary school indicate that more attention should be paid to them, including various psychological methods (rational-convincing) Ginott's method, principles of psychoprophylaxis, psychodontic (psychopedodontic, suggestive methods). The patients with mental disorders behaved, in contrast to other two groups, in the same manner during examination and stomatological procedure. This is due to the fact that noncooperating oligophrenic patients are, after the first visual examination when stomatological intervention is indicated, treated under general anesthesia in all cases. Unsuccessful attempts to treat these patients may induce stressing experience, in addition to a possible imperfect stomatological intervention, so that the patient must be anyway treated under general anesthesia. The obtained results provide an orientation survey of the behavior of children and adolescents. The application of all suitable methods, including psychotherapy and premedication of mentally healthy patients, are recommended in order to avoid the difficulties during stomatological treatment.
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The reasons why is it sometimes necessary to resort in paediatric dentistry to the use of conscious sedation with N2O/O2 are explained together with clinical indications and applications. The excellent results obtained with this technique lead to greater cooperation of the child, to a positive emotional contact with dental treatment and the possibility of performing the necessary therapies with greater precision.
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Several modifications of copper amalgams were examined. The findings evidence that of the amalgam constituents only copper passes into saliva, nutrient media, and animal body tissues and accumulates there. The findings of sanitary chemical and toxicologic studies helped select a hygienically optimal copper amalgam sample exerting no detrimental effects on the body.
The Authors emphasize how difficult is for the dental surgeon to approach the young patients. The researches carried out on school children (6-11 years old), of different social conditions, emphasis the psychological reality of the visited children and suggest some contrivances for a less traumatic possible meeting with an unknown world, source of anxiety, stress and fear.