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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Experimental Pasteurella multocida infection of swine. A contribution to the etiology of enzootic porcine pneumonia].

Pasteurella can be isolated from about 50 per cent of pneumonically changed pig lungs. Isolation, however, is possible also from intact lungs of conventional or secondary SPF animals. The authors of this paper used the positive hyaluronidase test and identified exclusively Pasteurella multocida, with predominance of capsular type A. Most of the Pasteurella strains tested in this context caused pneumonia in SPF animals, particularly, following intratracheal application. No correlations were found to exist with murine virulence, the serological type or the origin of the strains from affected or intact lungs. Apart from virulence differences between the strains, host reactivity was found to depend primarily on high germ counts and, under natural conditions, on environmental stresses. Pasteurella multocida, hence, can be considered as one of the potential pathogens of porcine pneumonia. Pneumonia foci with transduced localised fibrinous pleuritis are characteristic and constitute a process of purulent inflammation with early involvement of fibrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Biochemical tests for identifying Pasteurella multocida].

Studied was the biochemical activity of a total of 168 strains of Pasteurella--73 isolated from birds (48 from cases of acute fowl cholera, and 25--of chronic cholera), and 95 isolated from mammals (3 from lambs, 24 from pigs, 36 from cattle, and 32 from rabbits) with regard to the tests determining the hemolytic activity, production of indol, reduction of nitrates, breakdown of urea, beta galactosidase activity, production of hydrogen sulfide, ornitin-, arginine-, lysine-decarboxylase-, and phosphatase activity, and the fermentation of substrates such as manite, glucose, galactose, saccharose, manose, levulose, dulcite, lactose, maltose, rafinose, trechalose, salicin, melobiose, icelobiose, arabinose, xylose, and sorbite. To differentiate Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from mamals from those isolated from birds the phosphatase activity test on solid media with sodium phenolphtalein diphosphate had to be employed Pasteurella organisms isolated from mammals showed positive phosphatase activity, while those isolated from birds exhibited a negative one. Arabinose and xylose fermentation tests could simultaneously be used. Pasteurellae isolated in cases of acute fowl cholera showed positive reaction for arabinose and a negative one for xylose, while the strains isolated from mammals showed the reverse activity. The strains isolated in cases of chronic fowl cholera were shown to belong to this group.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Research on the bacteriocinogen properties of Pasteurella.

Research on the bacteriocinogen properties of 86 Pasteurella strains, 37 of which being Pasteurella (P.) multocida and 49 P. haemolytica, was performed. -Relations of iso- and heteroantagonism were detected and described in the P. multocida and P. haemolytica species. The presence of bacteriocins previously detected in P. multocida was confirmed and extended to P. haemolytica as well. -The bacteriocinosusceptible strains determined the separation of a number of bacteriocinotypes within each Pasteurella species. -Besides the antagonism relations a reciprocal growth stimulation phenomenon was noticed between the two Pasteurella species. In this respect, P. haemolytica displayed a wider activity towards P. multocida than towards itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A modified barrier system for maintenance of Pasteurella-free rabbits.

A modified barrier system for maintaining Pasteurella multocida-free rabbits in an animal facility also housing Pasteurella multocida-infected rabbits was implemented. All research and laboratory animal technical personnel performed their duties involving non-infected rabbits prior to working with infected rabbits housed in separate rooms of the facility. Bacterial culture data involving mature rabbits indicated a 17% infection rate when Pasteurella-free rabbits were housed in a conventional manner for 3-6 months prior to institution of the modified barrier. No transmission of Pasteurella multocida from infected to non-infected rabbits housed in separate rooms was observed during 6 months of maintenance after initiation of the modified barrier system.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Multocida Pasteurella and leg ulcer].

INTRODUCTION: We observed two cases of Pasteurella and discuss the role of bacterial sampling in ulcerations of the lower limb. CASE REPORTS: In the first case, Pasteurella was discovered in an ulceration of the lower limb and was cured with no particularly specific care. In the second case, Pasteurella had been inoculated by scratching an ulceration and could not be cured without specific treatment. DISCUSSION: No specific pathological consequence in chronic carriers could be possible, a situation which has often been reported in the literature. Pasteurella is an unusual specific cause of ulcerations of the lower limb.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Resistance pattern of bovine Pasteurella].

The sensibility of 375 pasteurellae of bovine origin (215 pasteurella multocida--and 160 pasteurella haemolytica--strains) was examined against 16 antibiotics or chemotherapeutics by agar diffusion technique. A great part of the strains was resistant to oxacillin (41,18%), tylosin (79,14%), streptomycin (53,21%), sulfonamides (57,33%) and tetracycline (47,20%). Only a few resistant strains were found for cephalothin (5,07%), polymyxin B (0,27%) and enrofloxacin (0,53%). While 16,27% of all isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol, 100% of the pasteurella strains proved to be sensible to its structural analogon florfenicol. This is affirmed by the low minimal inhibitory concentrations (0,25-1,0 micrograms/ml) of this antibiotic.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Spontaneous peritonitis in a cirrhotic patient with a cat: Pasteurella multocida infection of the ascitic fluid].

Spontaneous peritonitis due to Pasteurella multocida is exceptional. As far as we know only 11 other cases have been reported. We describe a 45 year old patient who presented with a spontaneous Pasteurella multocida peritonitis as the first complication of a previously undiagnosed cirrhosis. The patient used to play with his pet cat, not recalling having ever sustained any injury. Cultures of the cat's mouth grew the same strain of Pasteurella multocida than was found in the patient's ascitic fluid. The clinical findings of the previous cases, most of which were also related to non traumatic exposure to domestic animals, are here described. Pasteurella multocida in one potential agent in the cirrhotic patient presenting with spontaneous peritonitis, especially if in close contact with animals, cats being the most often carriers.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Persistence of the carrier status in haemorrhagic septicaemia (Pasteurella multocida serotype 6:B infection) in buffaloes.

Fifty-seven young buffaloes were experimentally infected or naturally exposed to haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS). Of these animals 32 became immune carriers. They were observed in groups for periods up to 360 days to monitor the appearance of pasteurellae in the nasopharynx and antibody status. In most animals pasteurellae appeared in the nasopharynx for a short period initially and disappeared. The organism reappeared intermittently and the longest observed period of reappearance was 215 days after exposure. All animals showed rising antibody titres with a peak lasting for 150 to 180 days and declining thereafter. Pasteurellae persisted in the tonsils and were isolated from 20 out of 27 carriers after slaughter. The longest period when isolation was made after slaughter was 229 days. The organism lodged in the tonsils was unaffected by antibacterial therapy using drugs to which the organism displayed in vitro sensitivity. It is concluded that in HS, carrier animals exist in an active as well as a latent state, the former appearing for short intermittent periods between long latent periods, when pasteurellae continue to remain in the tonsils which constitute a long-term reservoir.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

tRNA-intergenic spacer PCR for the identification of Pasteurella and Mannheimia spp.

tRNA-intergenic spacer PCR (tDNA-PCR) was evaluated for its effectiveness in differentiating Pasteurella and Mannheimia (sub)species predominantly of ruminant origin. For this purpose, 38 reference strains and 13 field isolates belonging to both genera were investigated. tDNA-PCR enabled discrimination of all Pasteurella species tested (Pasteurella (P.) aerogenes, P. avium, P. canis, P. lymphangitidis, P. multocida, P. trehalosi). For the differentiation of the subspecies of P. multocida, an additional dulcitol reaction was required. Two of the five so far-defined Mannheimia species, M. granulomatis and M. varigena, had a distinct fingerprinting profile. The remaining three phylogenetically highly related species (M. haemolytica, M. glucosida, and M. ruminalis) clustered together. Nevertheless, M. ruminalis is non-haemolytic, and M. haemolytica and M. glucosida can be differentiated on the basis of two additional phenotypic characteristics (beta-glucosidase and aesculin hydrolysis). In conclusion, tDNA-PCR is a useful tool in differentiating organisms belonging to the genera Pasteurella and Mannheimia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A group of indole-negative bovine strains with high deoxyribonucleic acid homology to Pasteurella multocida.

A group of nine bovine Pasteurella strains not producing indole were investigated for their taxonomic relationships with Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella canis. For all strains, DNA-DNA hybridization has revealed a high genetic relatedness at the species level to P. multocida and significantly lower homologies of only 18-41% towards P. haemolytica and 11-15% towards P. canis. Guanine plus cytosine values of 38.0 to 42.1 mol% and several phenotypic characters have been found to be different from the established pattern for P. multocida subspecies. It is suggested that the strains represent a new taxon, possibly another P. multocida subspecies.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis applied to representative strains from 11 different Pasteurella species under taxonomic aspects.

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis evaluated on a numerical basis revealed a close antigenic relationship between species of the genus Pasteurella. By cluster analysis, 4 groups on similarity levels between 87% and 72% S could be separated which were connected by a minimum level of 69.5% S. One subgroup included all biovars or subspecies consisting of strains with mucoid growth. Another feature governing the antigenic relationship seemed to be the host range of Pasteurella species. Despite a considerable number of cross-reacting antigens, representative strains of the genera Haemophilus and Actinobacillus were clearly separated from Pasteurella. Similarly, "Pasteurella" haemolytica and Taxon 16 strains tested did not belong to this genus. An Escherichia coli strain showed a higher number of cross-reacting antigens, confirming known antigenic relationship among Gram-negative bacterial species.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Pasteurella canis osteomyelitis and cutaneous abscess after a domestic dog bite.

The genus Pasteurella is part of the normal oral flora of many animals, including domestic cats and dogs. In humans, Pasteurella may cause complications ranging from cellulitis to septicemia but rarely causes osteomyelitis or septic arthritis after bites and/or scratches by cats and dogs. Although Pasteurella multocida is a common cause of infection, other Pasteurella species have also been cultured from wounds in humans. We describe here, a case of a cutaneous abscess and acute osteomyelitis associated with P canis after a domestic dog bite. To our knowledge, no previous case of P canis has been reported as the cause of acute osteomyelitis in humans.

Abscess↗
PubMed2005

tet(L)-mediated tetracycline resistance in bovine Mannheimia and Pasteurella isolates.

OBJECTIVES: Tetracycline-resistant Mannheimia and Pasteurella isolates, which were negative for the tetracycline resistance genes (tet) commonly detected among these bacteria, were investigated for other tet genes present and their location. METHODS: Mannheimia and Pasteurella isolates were investigated for their MICs of tetracycline and their plasmid content. Identification of tet genes was achieved by PCR. Plasmids mediating tetracycline resistance were identified by transformation and hybridization experiments. Plasmid pCCK3259 from Mannheimia haemolytica was sequenced completely and analysed for its structure and organization. RESULTS: All tetracycline-resistant isolates carried the gene tet(L) either on plasmids or on the chromosome. Two M. haemolytica isolates and one Mannheimia glucosida isolate harboured a common 5.3 kb tet(L) plasmid, designated pCCK3259. This plasmid was similar to the tet(B)-carrying tetracycline resistance plasmid pHS-Tet from Haemophilus parasuis and the streptomycin/spectinomycin resistance plasmid pCCK647 from Pasteurella multocida in the parts coding for mobilization functions. The tet(L) gene was closely related to that of the Geobacillus stearothermophilus plasmid pTB19. However, the translational attenuator responsible for the tetracycline-inducible expression of tet(L) was missing in plasmid pCCK3259. A recombination site was identified downstream of tet(L), which might explain the integration of the tet(L) gene region into a basic pCCK3259 replicon. CONCLUSION: A tet(L) gene was shown for the first time to be responsible for tetracycline resistance in Mannheimia and Pasteurella isolates. This report demonstrates a lateral transfer of a tetracycline efflux gene in Gram-negative bovine respiratory tract pathogens, probably originating from Gram-positive bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

In vitro binding of Pasteurella multocida cell wall preparations to tracheal mucus of cattle and swine and to a tracheal epithel cell wall preparation of cattle.

Outer membrane preparations of various Pasteurella isolates (Pasteurella multocida and some other Pasteurella species) from cattle and swine were extracted by N-lauryl-sarcosine sodium salt. Capsular extracts were prepared by heat treatment. Both preparations bound to epithel cell wall preparations (ECW) of trachea from cattle and to tracheal mucus of cattle and swine. Binding was demonstrated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Distinct high adherence values were shown by the greater part of membrane preparations of mucoid Pasteurella strains, especially when originating from cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Sequence and molecular characterization of the ROB-1 beta-lactamase gene from Pasteurella haemolytica.

The ROB-1 beta-lactamase-encoding plasmids from eight Pasteurella and two Haemophilus strains were compared by restriction endonuclease and hybridization analyses. Two types of ROB-1-encoding plasmids, which differed in size, were detected. One (4.1 kb) was found only in Pasteurella strains. The other (4.4 kb) was found in both Haemophilus influenzae and in one of the eight Pasteurella strains examined. These two plasmids shared multiple homologous fragments, suggesting that one was derived from the other. The ROB-1-encoding gene from Pasteurella haemolytica LNPB 51 was cloned and sequenced. An open reading frame of 915 nucleotides was found; it encoded a 305-amino-acid protein. Analysis of this amino acid sequence confirmed that the enzyme was found; it encoded a 305-amino-acid protein. Analysis of this amino acid sequence confirmed that the enzyme is a class A beta-lactamase. It had 32 to 48% homology with other class A enzymes and exhibited several common features of the gram-positive beta-lactamases. The ROB-1 mature protein, however, contained only one cysteine residue at position 123. These results suggest that ROB-1 is a link between beta-lactamases of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. An internal 230-bp DraI fragment from ROB-1 hybridized only with plasmid DNA from ROB-1-producing strains. This specific probe could be useful in epidemiological studies.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Experimental contact of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) with horses and cattle, and comparison of neutrophil sensitivity to Pasteurella haemolytica cytotoxins.

Peripheral blood neutrophils from horses, cattle, and Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) were evaluated for susceptibility to cytotoxin-dependent lysis of different biotypes and serotypes of Pasteurella haemolytica of domestic sheep, cattle, bighorn sheep, or mountain goat (Oreamnos americana) origin utilizing a cytotoxicity assay which measures the degree of bacteria cytotoxin-killing of neutrophils. All isolates of P. haemolytica (biotypes A and T) were noncytotoxic to horse neutrophils. Thirteen of 18 R haemolytica biotype A isolates were cytotoxic (> 50% neutrophil death in vitro) to bighorn sheep neutrophils, and four of 10 P. haemolytica biotype A isolates were cytotoxic to neutrophils of cattle; P. haemolytica biotype T (= Pasteurella trehelosi) isolates were noncytotoxic to neutrophils of bighorn sheep and cattle. When six bighorn sheep were pastured with three horses, only P. haemolytica biotype T isolates were recovered from the bighorn sheep throughout the study; Pasteurella spp. organisms were not isolated from the three horses. At initiation of a study where five bighorn sheep were pastured with three cattle, P. haemolytica biotype A, serotype 1, 2 was isolated from all three cattle, and only P. haemolytica biotype T isolates were recovered from the bighorn sheep. One bighorn sheep died in each of the horse and cattle copasturing experiments. Pasteurella haemolytica was not isolated from the bighorn sheep which died in the horse copasturing experiment. A noncytotoxic P. haemolytica biotype A, serotype 2 was isolated at necropsy from the bighorn which died in the cattle contact experiment. Based on these experiments, we believe bighorn sheep and horse association would not be detrimental to bighorns due to P. haemolytica induced pneumonia.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Interactions of Haemophilus-Actinobacillus-Pasteurella bacteria with phagocytic cells.

The Haemophilus-Actinobacillus-Pasteurella (HAP) group of bacteria contains a number of important veterinary and human pathogens. Although each species has specific characteristics and host range, most share the general property of being resistant to cellular defense mechanisms. In some cases (e.g. Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella haemolytica and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae) resistance results in part from the presence of an antiphagocytic capsule that protects the bacilli against ingestion by neutrophils and macrophages. In other instances the bacteria aggressively attack mononuclear and polymorphonuclear phagocytes. For example, P. haemolytica, A. pleuro-pneumoniae and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans each produce a leukotoxin that functionally impairs, and ultimately kills, leukocytes from cattle, pigs and human beings, respectively. Components of Pasteurella multocida and Haemophilus somnus have also been reported to adversely affect leukocyte functions. Another important area of research that is just emerging concerns the ability of lipopolysaccharide and other components of HAP bacteria to stimulate or modulate macrophage release of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1. In this paper, we provide an overview of the interactions of HAP bacteria with phagocytes and identify some of the common strategies by which they evade cellular defenses.

Actinobacillus↗