SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Superior dislocation of the patella with interlocking osteophytes was only once found roentgenologically documented. Such a dislocation occurs without tendon rupture, and can occur with a hyperextension force. Reduction is easily accomplished by manipulation of the patella without anesthesia. Full active motion is present post-reduction. This entity should not be confused with vertical dislocations of the patella.
A case report is presented of a patient with an anterosuperior osteophytic bone bridge of the sacroiliac joint causing lumbar back pain. After prolonged physiotherapy, the bone bridge was excised, with complete resolution of the symptoms. Excision should only be considered in cases of symptomatic sacroiliac joint pain that does not respond to rehabilitation programmes and conservative treatment.
Several types of osseous outgrowths that may appear on the dorsal surface of the talus are described. A normal talar ridge, located between the trochlea and distal articular surface of the talus, may hypertrophy in response to exaggerated stress. In addition, typical osteophytes may appear, indicative of osteoarthritis of the talocrural or talonavicular joint. Finally, a broad excrescence extending distally from the region of the talar ridge represents a sign of tarsal coalition. The location and the appearance of the bony outgrowths differ, allowing precise radiographic diagnosis.
We examined the early changes that follow injection of sodium iodoacetate (IA) into the guinea pig knee joint, using Safranin-O (SO) to stain the proteoglycan (PG)-rich matrix and the incorporation of Na35 SO4 to determine which cells have maintained, lost, or developed the ability to synthesize significant amounts of PGs. Within 24 hours following injection of IA, articular chondrocytes exhibited a marked loss in ability to synthesize PGs; this inhibition was complete after 2 weeks. Focal loss of SO staining of the interterritorial matrix was noted after 24 hours, progressing to a complete loss of staining after 2 weeks. In sharp contrast to the degenerative changes in the habitually loaded articular cartilage, cells at the chondrosynovial junction began incorporating Na35 SO4 and producing a matrix that stained with SO as early as 72 hours following injection. With time, this resulted in the development of prominent osteophytic cartilage that involved bone remodeling beneath the overlying cartilaginous cap after 3 weeks.
The superior dislocation of the patella with interlocking osteophytes is a rare condition. A review of the English literature revealed only 12 reported cases. The purpose of reviewing these case reports is to highlight the unusual presentation and the injury mechanism in 2 of our patients, and to present our treatment algorithm. Closed reduction with manipulation of the patella, with or without anaesthesia, was performed without difficulty. We recommend an intermediate step of trying a regional nerve block before proceeding to general anaesthesia. Our patients had full range-of-motion after reduction and they were symptom-free after 3 years of follow-up. There were no recurrent dislocations in our patients.
Thyroid and cervical surgery, tracheal intubation, trauma and neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases may cause bilateral vocal cord paralysis. There are only a few reported cases of bilateral cord paralysis associated with cervical hyperostosis in the English literature. We report the MR and CT findings of a case of bilateral vocal cord paralysis caused by cervical spinal osteophytes compressing the recurrent laryngeal nerves.
An 80-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with recurrent right-sided aspiration pneumonia, found on barium swallow to be due to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (Forrestier's disease) of the cervical spine, with the formation of a giant cervical osteophyte. He was treated conservatively with a feeding gastrostomy. The medical literature concerning this unusual cause of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia is reviewed.
OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of a radiographic caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte (CCO) on the femoral neck in various breeds and age groups of dogs and to evaluate its contemporaneous relationship with degenerative joint disease (DJD) and distraction index (DI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional prevalence study. ANIMALS: 25,968 dogs, including 3,729 German Shepherd Dogs, 4,545 Golden Retrievers, 6,277 Labrador Retrievers, and 1,191 Rottweilers. PROCEDURE: Data from the University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program database were analyzed, including ventrodorsal hip-extended, compression, and distraction radiographs. The CCO and radiographic signs of DJD were considered independent events and were interpreted as either present or absent. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the CCO as a possible risk factor for DJD and assess its association with DI, as measured by use of distraction radiography. RESULTS: When all breeds were pooled, DJD was detected in 8.6% of dogs, and the CCO was detected in 21.6% of dogs. Among dogs with a CCO, 25.1% had radiographic evidence of DJD. Among dogs without a CCO, only 4% had DJD. Dogs with a CCO were 7.9 times as likely to have DJD as were those without a CCO. Additionally, DI, weight, and age were significant risk factors for the CCO. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results confirm the contemporaneous association between the CCO and DJD and that passive hip laxity, as measured by use of the DI, is associated with both the CCO and DJD.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte (CCO) and osteoarthritis associated with hip dysplasia in dogs. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. ANIMALS: 48 Labrador Retrievers from 7 litters. PROCEDURE: In each of 24 sex- and size-matched pairs fed the same diet, a restricted-fed dog was fed 25% less than a control dog for life. The dogs' hips were evaluated in the standard ventrodorsal hip-extended radiographic projection at 16, 30, and 52 weeks of age and then yearly for life. Histologic examination of hip joint tissues was performed on 45 dogs. RESULTS: Median age at death was 11.2 years. Adjusting for feeding group, dogs with a CCO were 3.7 times as likely to develop radiographic signs of osteoarthritis than those without a CCO. Stratified by diet, 100% of the control dogs with a CCO developed radiographic signs of osteoarthritis and 55% of restricted-fed dogs with a CCO developed radiographic signs of osteoarthritis. The CCO was the first radiographic change seen in 22 of 29 (76%) dogs with osteoarthritis. Overall, 35 of 37 (95%) dogs with a CCO had histopathologic lesions of osteoarthritis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicate a relationship between a CCO on the femoral neck and subsequent development of radiographic signs of osteoarthritis in Labrador Retrievers evaluated over their life span. A CCO is an important early radiographic indication of osteoarthritis associated with canine hip dysplasia.
Problems associated with osteophytes of the spine are frequently called to the attention of the neurosurgeon. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (Forestier's disease) is a common disorder of the spine; a small but important number of these patients present with spondylitic dysphagia. Anterior cervical decompression restores esophageal function. A patient with Forestier's disease is reported, and Forestier's disease is compared and contrasted with other disorders of the spine.
Oestophites obtained from the margins of 25 osteoarthritic knee joints undergoing replacement have been investigated using a battery of tinctorial stains. The microarchitecture of the osteophyte appears to be identical to that of the normal articular cartilage. Other findings suggest that oesteophytes are derived from hyperplasia of the surface chondrocytes at the 'marginal transitional zone'.
This 79-year-old man had a several-year history of dysphagia. On presentation, he spoke with difficulty but was not short of breath, and hemoptysis was present. A 17-mm osteophyte anterior to C3-C4 encroached on the posterior aspect of the oral pharynx and esophagus. The patient underwent C3-C6 anterior ostectomy; recovery was complete within 4 weeks.
Disphagia is a common cause of medical query in the ENT field, in which could be involved a variety of medical reason. One of those is the extrinsic compression of the digestive tract due to a tumoral process, or as the case we report, secundary to a large osteophyte at the anterior side of the cervical spine, after a surgical intervention in this area.
Cervical osteophytes (due to new bone formation) occur in 30% of the population in middle or old age, but it is quite exceptional for this pathological condition to cause severe dysphagia. The authors report such a case, in which the diagnosis was confirmed by endoscopy, X-ray and computed tomography. In the absence of any curative treatment, surgery was required to relieve obstruction and an operation was performed via an antero-lateral extra-pharyngeal approach. Comparison with the literature confirms the validity of the authors decision, though some risks were involved.
An unusual case is presented in which large cervical osteophytes caused upper airway obstruction. The presenting features of acute-on-chronic respiratory failure and cor pulmonale were alleviated by permanent tracheostomy.
Two cases of dysphagia due to osteophytes at the level of the fifth and sixth cervical vertebrate are reported. The patients were two women aged 47 and 50 years. The diagnosis was confirmed by means of roentgenography, barium studies and, in one case, esophagoscopy. Both patients were successfully treated surgically. The importance of properly investigating cervical dysphagia is stressed. Doctors in many different fields of practice should be aware of this rare cause of dysphagia.
The authors present 6 cases of chronic lumbar pain with sciatic radiation in young subjects caused by an osteophytic bar at a single level, and associated with disc degeneration at that level. The differentiation of this special syndrome demands special methods of radiological investigation, which are discussed. All the cases were in males engaged in heavy work. Surgical treatment, which necessitates removal of the bar as well as the degenerated disc material, gave excellent results.
The subject of the present study is the morphology of changes in the head of the femur in advanced osteoarthrosis of the hip, with particular reference to the production of osteophytes, the frequency with which these are observed, the part they play in the development of the anatomical and pathological changes, and their relevance to treatment other than total replacement operations (for example, valgus osteotomy in extension).