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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Internet, a new resource for anatomopathology?].

The Internet network is the largest computer network in the world. It can be accessed by a telephone line and a modem. Its different functions are the electronic mail (e-mail), the discussion forums ("newsgroups"), the transfer of files and the navigation between "hypertext" pages ("World Wide Web"). This network offers multiple services for pathology: access to databases, consultation of image banks or electronic journals, teleteaching, informations about congresses and societies, participation to thematic forums. We have connected to this network on October 1995 a french-english web site called "Anapath Web" (http://www.anapath.necker.fr) devoted to pathology. Its purpose is to collect information useful to pathologists and to develop specific applications. We are conceiving several projects for teleteaching.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obtaining medical information from the Internet.

The Internet is rapidly expanding as an environment for electronic communication and resource sharing. The World Wide Web, a relatively new service on the Internet, provides access to a wealth of information resources through a simple point-and-click interface. Available resources of interest to physicians include bibliographical and statistical databases, literature reviews, discussion groups, press releases, newsletters, drug information, self-assessment questionnaires, multimedia textbooks, patient simulations, clinical decision aids, educational software, and much more. Access to the Internet is widely available in universities and medical libraries; physicians working at home can gain access from a personal computer linked by a modem to a telephone line, by subscribing to an Internet service provider.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of an academic Internet resource.

Networked electronic publication is a relatively new development that has already begun to change the way in which medical information is exchanged. Electronic publications can present ideas that would be impossible in printed text, using multimedia components such as sound and movies. Physicians who use the World Wide Web (WWW) on a regular basis may recognize the value of electronic publication and decide to become information providers. Nearly anyone with a computer and modem can create a WWW resource on a Web server at a hospital or on a commercial hosting service. Medical publication on the Internet demands a high level of quality control because the information will be available to anyone who cares to look. Creating a peer-review system for electronic information may, therefore, help to enhance academic recognition of Internet medical resources. Resources containing medical information must be continually available and protected from system failures and unauthorized access. As Internet technology matures and these problems are solved, electronic publication may become the predominant method of communication between medical professionals.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Professional and social responsibilities of clinical pharmacology].

According to the decision of the Scientific and educational board of the Medical Faculty in Novi Sad the Institute for pharmacology toxicology and clinical pharmacology introduced the clinical pharmacology in 1975. Postgraduate studies were organized for those wishing to specialize, i.e. to get their M.Sc. degree in clinical pharmacology. Besides the youngest members of the Institute (now they are all associate professors) these studies were successfully completed by many doctors from other clinics or those employed in pharmaceutical industry. The publications which the Institute published from the field of pediatric clinical pharmacology were the very first ones not only in our country but also in world proportions. International methods for the evaluation (DDD, ATC code) of the scope and structure of drugs usage were introduced and modified according to our conditions and requirements. The studies on the usage of drugs were among the first pharmacoepidemiological studies in country and abroad. On the basis of these activities the Institute was two times the organizer of the scientific meeting sponsored by WHO. As a response to a sudden increase of the need for information on drugs due to disturbed supply and distribution of drugs from abroad (through humanitarian aid) a telephone and modem information service has been organized within the Institute. The printing of the book titled Drugs in Use was initiated (five editions since 1992) together with the issues on computer discs. The publishing of the journal Pharmaca Iugoslavica was also started under the auspices of the Association of Health Care Organizations. The service for adverse events registration was also organized. Through its activities in planning and organization of pharmacokinetic and clinical investigations, development of new analytic methods and performance of pharmacokinetic studies the Institute contributed to the development of new drugs and gave new theoretical solutions in pharmacokinetics. The Institute also initiated the establishment of the Committee for drugs of the Medical Faculty. Its professors are members of the Commission for Social Insurance, Federal Commission for Drugs and Federal Commission for Poisons. Through all mentioned activities the Institute has greatly influenced not only our but also general medical community.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fetal monitor for non-stress-test screening at home.

A fetal monitoring device developed for non-stress-test (NST) screening at home works on battery power, and is so small and lightweight (152 x 120 x 64 mm, 600 g) that a pregnant woman can monitor fetal Doppler ultra-sound and record fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contraction (UC) data on an attached memory IC card at any time and in any place away from a hospital. The physician can evaluate these data, transmitted via public telephone lines, using a built-in modem in the monitor. The combination of the memory IC card as a temporary storage device with the intermittent data transmission to the host provides endless data storage. The input-output relationship of the device was quantitatively evaluated using a Doppler ultrasound heart rate simulator. Forty pregnant women participated in an evaluation of this system. The total number of NST data transmissions was 648, and the total amount of data received was more than 6.7 Mbytes. Of the 648 transmissions, 475 were adequate for clinical interpretation. Of the 101 failed NST data transmissions, 85 resulted from patient handling errors. However, 82.4% of these errors resulted in reexamination and transfer of new data by the patients, who were aware of the insufficiency of the original data. The main cause of the noise in the data was zero-count data; this noise rate accounted for 4.1% of the data abnormalities. A questionnaire survey found that 96% of the participants wanted to use the monitor again in their next pregnancies, and 83% would recommend its use to pregnant friends. The system was easily used and accepted by pregnant women, and the NST data obtained were sufficient for clinical interpretation.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

[ORBIT-NET. Discussion forum on orbitology on the internet].

INTRODUCTION: A basic service in the public network "Internet" is electronic mail (e-mail). E-mail makes the participation in discussion groups possible by mailing contributions to the discussion to all members electronically. To complement the existing list of ophthalmologic discussion groups ORBIT-NET was introduced. It offers experts in research, clinic, diagnostic and therapy of orbital diseases the opportunity to make queries or present interesting casuistries and to ask for comments, differential diagnosis or advice on therapy. Other participants can be made aware of new scientific results, actual publications or meetings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For participation a computer, a modem, an Internet-Provider and special software are required. Registration is made either by e-mail or regular mail. A verification is necessary to limit the list of participants to experts. RESULTS: Since the introduction of ORBIT-NET on November 9th, 1996, there have been no technical problems. ORBIT-NET has been effective as a platform. CONCLUSIONS: The international, interdisciplinary platform ORBIT-NET is an addition to the existing ophthalmologic discussion groups. ORBIT-NET offers orbitologists an international discussion of results and diagnosis, supports further training and can give encouragement to further research.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

Exposure estimation in four major epidemiologic studies in the acrylonitrile industry.

The reconstruction of worker exposures has been the mainstay of modem industrial epidemiologic studies. In most cases, the researchers are faced with the difficult dilemma created by the scarcity of the exposure measurement data vis-à-vis the demands for refined quantification. The 4 industrial epidemiologic studies of workers exposed to acrylonitrile share many similarities to illustrate strengths and weaknesses of the current exposure reconstruction methodologies. The analysis of the reported exposure reconstruction methods and comparative analysis of some of the results suggest that there is a certain degree of conformity in the results of the exposure reconstruction processes in these 4 studies. At the same time, the same analysis invokes some questions with respect to the interpretation of the exposure reconstruction results.

Acrylonitrile↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Substantiation of the choice of technical means in reduction of implementation costs of the project "Full automation of a central municipal hospital"].

A way of reducing the cost price of hospital automation is proposed. It is not necessary for it to update the whole equipment, but only a small part--the workstations used by programmers for their work, which support the stability of hospital automation; the working places of operators should be kept without modifications, but to allot them properties to inherit a potency and modernity of the purchased equipment; for this purpose they should be equipped with virtual machines copying properties of workstations being arrange in accordance with the pyramidal structure. A UNIX which represents a multi-user, multitask operational operative system providing an access on several pseudoterminals is simultaneously installed on the PENTIUM 100/133 workstation. A graphic terminal of the AMR "UnTerminal" firm (USA) is proposed for use as working places. Their advantage is that they have a special adapter connected directly to the bus of PC extension. Each user is allotted a video adapter, a keyboard controller, sequential and parallel interfaces for connection of the printer and manipulator. Each working place supports multitasking and it can be equipped with a printer, a "mouse" or modem. The image is transmitted on work places with a very high velocity-77 mehabits/sec that supports not only a text mode, but also VGA or SVGA graphics. Certainly, graphic terminals are more expensive than text terminals, but their capacities are similar to those of the main computer, here, the workstation. They may be located from the main computer at a distance of up to 75 meters or more and do not require adjustment during their installation.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed1984

Transtelephonic electrocardiographic monitoring: reliability in detecting the ischemic ST segment response during exercise.

The ECG detection of ST segment depression during maximal treadmill exercise has diagnostic and prognostic significance in coronary artery disease. This study of 200 consecutive patients undergoing Bruce exercise testing for chest pain documents the ability of a transtelephonic ECG system, capable of storing segments of ECG memory during exercise, to reliably record ST segment depression detected during simultaneous exercise testing (sensitivity 79%; specificity 99.6%). Of the three transtelephonic ECG systems tested, the modified precordial V5 snap-on lead most accurately reflected ST segment amplitude and morphology with no "false positives" (specificity 100%) and few "false negatives" (sensitivity 78%). Therefore, this system is a potentially important clinical tool for accurately and conveniently monitoring coronary patients during exercise outside the hospital (e.g., following myocardial infarction) as well as for providing useful clinical information for ambulatory patients with undiagnosed sporadic chest pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Clinical application of a second generation electrocardiographic computer program.

An electrocardiographic computer program based on multivariate analysis of orthogonal leads (Frank) was applied to records transmitted daily by telephone from the Veterans Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, Mass., to the Veterans Administration Hospital, Washington, D. C. A Bayesian classification procedure was used to compute probabilities for all diagnostic categories that might be encountered in a given record. Computer results were compared with interpretations of conventional 12 lead tracings. Of 1,663 records transmitted, 1,192 were selected for the study because the clinical diagnosis in these cases could be firmly established on the basis of independent, nonelectrocardiographic information. Twenty-one percent of the records were obtained from patients without evidence of cardiac disease and 79 percent from patients with various cardiovascular illnesses. Diagnostic electrocardiographic classifications were considered correct when in agreement with documented clinical diagnoses. Of the total sample of 1,192 recordings, 86 percent were classified correctly by computer as compared with 68 percent by conventional 12 lead electrocardiographic analysis. Improvement in diagnostic recognition by computer was most striking in patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease or chronic obstructive lung disease. The multivariate classification scheme functioned most efficiently when a problem-oriented approach to diagnosis was simulated. This was accomplished by a simple method of adjusting prior probabilities according to the diagnostic problem under consideration.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

Simple method for computer-aided analysis of echocardiograms.

The use of echocardiography in the diagnosis and assessment of heart disease is increasing as greater familiarity is obtained with this noninvasive procedure. Quantitative evaluation of echocardiographic studies has heretofore required time-consuming manipulation of mathematical formulas. A simple method utilizing a sonic digitizing tablet has been developed for computer-aided analysis of M-mode echocardiograms. This device can convert a point located manually with a digitizing pen into X and Y coordinates and with use of the standard telephone network can communicate on a time-shared basis with a DECSYSTEM-10 computer. A program has been written to compute and type the results of standard calculations involving mitral valve motion and left ventricular function. The information can also be stored on disk by the computer for future use. This simple, relatively inexpensive system is valuable because of the ease with which it permits usually laboriously obtained information to be extracted from the standard echocardiogram.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1990

Impact of field-transmitted electrocardiography on time to in-hospital thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

To assess the impact of a field-transmitted electrocardiogram (ECG) on patients with possible acute myocardial infarction, randomized and open trials were performed with a portable electrocardiographic system coupled with a cellular phone programmed to automatically transmit ECGs to the base hospital. Consecutive patients served by the 6 units of the Salt Lake City Emergency Rescue System were studied; 71 patients were randomized to in-field ECG (n = 34) versus no ECG (n = 37). Time on scene was 16.4 +/- 9.7 minutes for the ECG group versus 16.1 +/- 7.0 minutes for the non ECG group (difference not significant). Time of transport averaged 18.2 +/- 9.9 and 17.6 +/- 13.1 minutes, respectively (difference not significant). Six of 34 patients with in-field ECG showed acute myocardial infarction, qualified for and received thrombolytic therapy at 48 +/- 12 minutes after hospital arrival (range 30 to 60) compared with 103 +/- 44 minutes (p less than 0.01) for 51 historical control patients and 68 +/- 29 minutes for 6 concurrent control patients without in-field ECG. Thus, in-field ECG causes negligible delays in paramedic time, leads to significant decreases in time to in-hospital thrombolysis and may make in-field therapy feasible. In-field ECG may be an important addition to reperfusion strategies.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Detection of preterm labor by ambulatory monitoring of uterine activity for the management of oral tocolysis.

A study to evaluate whether ambulatory tocodynamometry at home could enhance the management of oral tocolysis was performed. On discharge from the hospital, after completing parenteral tocolysis, 60 patients received a lightweight tocodynamometer, designed for storage and transmission of uterine activity data. Sixty additional contemporary patients, who were matched for maternal age, parity, and risk factors, served as a control group. In addition to instructions regarding self-detection of recurrent preterm labor, monitored patients recorded uterine activity for greater than or equal to 200 min/day and then transmitted the data to the study center. Tocolytic dosage was adjusted to maintain mean uterine contraction frequency of less than 4/hr. Persistent uterine contractions of greater than or equal to 4/hr lead to in-hospital evaluation for recurrent preterm labor. The results indicate that the monitored group had a lower incidence of preterm births mostly because of a decrease in the proportion of patients with failed tocolysis. It is suggested that surveillance of uterine activity at home during oral treatment for preterm labor may be instrumental in improving perinatal outcome in high-risk patients.

Adult↗