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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Functional characterization of peripheral circulating and liver recruited neutrophils in endotoxic rats.

Neutrophil accumulation in tissue is a hallmark of inflammation and is associated with a variety of pathological conditions. In bacterial infection neutrophils are selectively attracted in large numbers to phagocytose and kill invading microorganisms. However, activated neutrophils can also cause injury to tissues. To investigate functional alterations in liver recruited neutrophils (PMNs), we studied the functional characteristics of circulating blood and liver sequestered PMNs in terms of host defense mechanisms, such as nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (SO) generation, beta 2 integrin expression, phagocytosis, and eicosanoid profile. Cells were isolated from rats infused with a nonlethal dose (320 micrograms/kg) of E. coli endotoxin (ET) or pyrogen-free saline for 90 min. Liver PMNs produced significantly more NO both in the absence and in the presence of an in vitro endotoxin challenge than did blood PMNs. No significant difference was observed in phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated SO generation. Endotoxin infusion significantly up-regulated the expression of CD11b/c in circulating and even more so in liver PMNs. Phagocytosis was significantly enhanced by in vivo ET treatment in blood PMNs, and liver PMNs showed even greater phagocytic activity than blood PMNs or Kupffer cells. The percent distribution of prostaglandins D2 and E2 of total 14C-eicosanoids was significantly higher and that of thromboxane B2 and 5-, 12-, and 15-HETEs was significantly lower in liver than in blood PMNs. Our study demonstrates several functional differences between liver-recruited and circulating PMNs in an acute endotoxic model. The implications of altered neutrophil function may extend to mechanisms of host defense and hepatotoxicity associated with sepsis and endotoxemia.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1988

[Effects induced hypothermia on hepatic portal circulation].

Studies of the liver circulation in dogs during hypothermia, showed that portal blood flow is reduced with no significant changes of blood pressure and with important vascular resistance. These effects are probably due to the contraction of pre-capillaries sphincters.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Surgical correction of blood and lymph circulation in liver cirrhosis].

After modeling cirrhosis of the liver in experimental dogs the gastroesophagolienal hemo- and lymphocirculation and that of the greater omentum were transferred into the system of the vena cava inferior, the mesenterial outflow being preserved through the liver. The dynamic observation of the experimental animals has shown the intervention performed to be valid. In 6 patients the gastroesophagolienal circulation and that of the greater omentum were transferred into the system of the vena cava inferior. The proposed method of surgical correction leads to lower portal pressure, to saved hepatopetal blood flow along the portal vein. The reestablished absorbing capacity of the greater omentum and the developed collateral lymph circulation decrease the transudation of the lymph into the abdominal cavity and increase its reabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Alternation of AFP-mRNA level detected in blood circulation during liver resection for HCC and its significance.

AIM: To investigate whether the current manipulation of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes dissemination of liver tumor cells into blood circulation. METHODS: Fifty patients with HCC, but without evidences of metastases, were enrolled for the study. Samples of peripheral blood before skin incision and after abdominal wall suture, and those of hepatic venous blood and portal venous blood after liver parenchyma dissection,were obtained. AFP-mRNA was extracted from the blood samples and detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. The changes of its expression during the operation were accessed by the ratio of fluorescence of AFP and beta-actin primers-amplified products. RESULTS: The rate of its expression before and after operation in peripheral blood, and during operation in portal venous and hepatic venous blood was 42.0 %, 34.0 %, 42.0 % and 56.0 % respectively, There was no difference between them. However, the ratio of fluorescence of AFP and beta-actin primers-amplified products from hepatic venous blood during operation is significantly higher than the other three types of samples (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: the current manipulation of liver resection for HCC can cause the releases of AFP mRNA-expressed cells from the liver, probably including tumor cells, into hepatic vein. These cells may spread into blood circulation and become the source of recurrence after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Endothelin-1 induces liver vasoconstriction through both ETA and ETB receptors.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated which endothelin receptors mediate the vasoconstrictive effects of endothelin-1 on liver circulation. METHODS: An isolated perfused rat liver model in recirculation was used. RESULTS: The perfusion of 10(-10) M endothelin-1 had no significant influence on the liver flow, whereas 10(-9) M endothelin-1 induced significant vasoconstriction, with flow dropping from 3.20 +/- 0.34 to 1.48 +/- 0.28 ml. min-1.g-1 liver tissue (p < 0.01 vs controls). The liver flow was interrupted following the perfusion of 10(-8) M endothelin-1. Sarafatoxin C and BQ 3020, two agonists of ETB receptor, had vasoconstrictive effects in this model. Sarafatoxin C decreased the liver flow in a dose-dependent manner, from 3.32 +/- 0.21 to 2.18 +/- 0.20, 1.60 +/- 0.09, and 1.01 +/- 0.06 ml.min-1. g-1, respectively, with 10(-9) M, 10(-8) M, and 10(-7) M. While BQ 123, an antagonist of ETA receptor, or BQ 788, an antagonist of ETB receptor, partially reversed the effect of 10(-9) M endothelin-1, the simultaneous administration of BQ 123 and BQ 788 completely reversed these effects. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the vasoconstrictive effects of endothelin-1 on the liver circulation are mediated through both ETA and ETB receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Cavo-suprahepatic lesions in severe hepatic injuries. Repair under extracorporeal circulation].

Liver injuries always have a sombre prognosis. Triple or quadruple clamping has been suggested to control haemorrhages, but the risk of the heart running dry has warranted internal shunts which have only been successful in odd cases. The severity of these lesions justifies a temporary packing pending admission in specialized unit for subsequent treatment. A final treatment may be undertaken under extracorporeal circulation. In the case reported here, the superior right hepatic vein was sutured and the holes of the infrahepatic vena cava related to the tearing of middle and inferior right hepatic veins or the dorsal veins of segment I could be repaired. Rupture of the renal pelvis was also repaired.

Constriction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver ultrastructural changes following portal circulation disturbances.

Liver cell changes produced in rats by the ligature of the portal vein and of the spleen pedicle were studied by electron microscopy. There were differences in the liver response to the various types of circulatory disturbances. The earliest and most marked lesions of hepatic cells were noticed in the case of portal vein ligature, and occurred at the level of rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lysosomes. No significant changes in Kupffer cells. When the spleen pedicle was ligated, the hepatic cell changes were less obvious, but the Kupffer cells changes were more prominent, testifying and increased hetero- and autophagy.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Blood circulation in the liver after distal spleno-renal anastomosis in cirrhosis].

Complex hemodynamical investigations were performed in 24 patients with liver cirrhosis before and after the distal splenorenal anastomosis (DSRA) conduction according to conventional and modified methods. After the conventional DSRA formation the portal blood flow had reduced down by 39.6% and after modified method--by 14%. Linear speed of the blood flow in a portal vein after the conventional DSRA formation had reduced a twice, after the modified DSRA--did not change. The pressure in a portal vein after the conventional DSRA formation had reduced by 35%, and after the modified DSRA--by 11%. The portal perfusion lowering had promoted the compensational increase of the blood flow in hepatic artery after the conventional DSRA forming by 22% and after the modified DSRA--by 8%.

Hemodynamics↗