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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hormonal replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk: contra-indication or non-indication?].

In the field of cardiovascular risk and treatment of menopause, only one instruction can be currently given to the prescribers: caution. Since the publication of heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study, the dogma of the cardioprotection induced by hormonal replacement therapy began to crumble. This paradigm had set up with observational studies, which for the majority had neglected in their retrospective analysis the socio-economic factor. Since shock caused by HERS, nine randomized studies are accumulated. All are negative, except for EPAT. At present, all confirms the prophetic recommendation of J.E. Rossow, in 1996: "Putting the brakes on the bandwagon". The last guidelines formally prohibit HRT in coronary women or with the aim of primary prevention of chronic conditions in healthy postmenopausal women.

C-Reactive Protein↗
PubMed1997

Disparate lympho-erythroid donor to recipient chimaerism in a beta(0)-thalassaemia bone marrow transplant recipient with red cell indices indicative of apparent full engraftment.

A 4-year-old girl with transfusion-dependent beta(0)-thalassaemia received an HLA-identical bone marrow transplant (BMT) from her beta(0)-thalassaemia trait sister. Prior to BMT, chromosomal analysis revealed the recipient to have 46,XX,9qh+, a polymorphic variant of the heterochromatin region of chromosome 9, which her donor did not have. Within 1 month post-BMT, 89% of nucleated bone marrow cells were of donor origin. One year later, donor engraftment had decreased to 44% and 34% in nucleated bone marrow cells and blood lymphocytes, respectively. By 2 years, donor lymphocyte engraftment fell to 5%, raising concern of possible graft rejection. To examine erythroid chimaerism, globin synthesis by individual erythroid progenitor cell derived colonies (BFU-E) was analysed. On days 1000 and 1130 post-BMT, 79% and 77% of colonies, respectively, synthesized beta-globin and therefore were of donor origin.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1998

Biological indicators for steam sterilization: characterization of a rapid biological indicator utilizing Bacillus stearothermophilus spore-associated alpha-glucosidase enzyme.

The alpha-glucosidase enzyme was isolated from vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus, ATCC 7953. Spore-associated enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 92,700, a temperature optimum of 60 degrees C, and a pH optimum of 7.0-7.5. The enzyme in crude aqueous spore extract was stable for 30 min up to a temperature of 65 degrees C, above which the enzyme was rapidly denatured. The optimal pH for stability of the enzyme was approximately 7.2. The alpha-glucosidase in crude vegetative cell extract had similar characteristics to the spore-associated enzyme but its molecular weight was 86,700. The vegetative cell and spore-associated enzymes were cross-reactive. The enzymes are postulated to derive from a single gene product, which undergoes modification to produce the spore-associated form. The location of alpha-glucosidase in the spore coats (outside the spore protoplast) is consistent with the location of most enzymes involved in activation, germination and outgrowth.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Antithyroid drug therapy in pregnancy. An indication for pregnancy interruption based on fetal indications?].

Antithyroid drugs can pass the placenta, in contrast to thyroid hormones. Therefore, their application in pregnancy carries the potential risks of teratogenic effects and foetal hypothyroidism. The actual danger to the foetus, however, is controversial. The history of a hyperthyroid patient treated with carbimazole and referred for termination of pregnancy in the 8th week of gestation gave rise to review the literature in order to elucidate the foetal risks. Data of 278 pregnant women treated with imidazole derivatives (group I) and 192 women, who received thiouracil derivatives (group II) during pregnancy, were found in the literature. The rates of foetal malformations and foetal goitre in group I were 3.6% and 3.2%, respectively. In group II the corresponding rates were 3.6% for foetal malformation and 7.8% for foetal goitre. From these figures we conclude that antithyroid therapy in pregnancy does not warrant termination of pregnancy for foetal reasons if there is meticulous control of maternal thyroid metabolism.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1987

[Are stomach polyps an indicator of colonic carcinoma and colonic polyps an indicator of stomach carcinoma?].

Over a period of six years a total of 407 patients with polyps of the gastrointestinal tract were examined by gastroscopy and coloscopy and the findings analysed retrospectively. Among patients with colon polyps 10.5% were found also to have polypoid gastric lesions, among those with adenoma of the colon the prevalence was 11.7%. Only 2.4% of simultaneously diagnosed gastric lesions were found to be malignant or premalignant, a figure similar to the population average. But in patients with more than ten polyps of the colon both the prevalence of polypoid gastric changes and the significance of polyps with respect to precancerous lesions were clearly increased. On the other hand, in patients with epithelial polyps and/or glandular cysts colon polyps were found in 45%, in 42% with precancerous changes (adenoma). Thus patients with epithelial gastric polyps and glandular cysts probably constitute a group with a real additional risk of colon carcinoma. Regular coloscopy will thus reveal precancerous changes (adenoma) in the colon of 42% of such patients; coloscopic polypectomy will be an effective prophylactic measure against carcinoma of the colon.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Path analysis modeling indicates free transport increases ambulance use for minor indications.

INTRODUCTION: Clinically unnecessary ambulance transport is increasing, diverting limited resources from patients needing ambulance transport. It was anecdotally observed that inappropriate ambulance use increased after abolition of a direct patient cost for ambulance transport. HYPOTHESIS: In July 2003, direct patient fees were abolished in favor of a universally applied ambulance levy, potentially leading to increased ambulance use by patients with low illness acuity and admission rates. METHODS: The influence of age, illness acuity, and need for admission on ambulance use was assessed for 55,397 emergency department attendances in 2002 and 2004. Ambulance users were compared with nonusers in both years and attendances for 2002 compared with 2004 using chi-square test for two groups. Logistic regression provided a multivariate model leading to ambulance use. Path analysis modeling to assess interrelationships between factors associated with ambulance use was developed. RESULTS: Ambulance users in both years were older, had more acute illness, and had greater need for admission compared with nonusers. The odds ratio (OR) of arrival by ambulance in 2004 compared with 2002 was 1.14 (95% confidence interval, [CI], 1.12 to 1.17). In 2002, ambulance users were older (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.40 to 1.43), were more likely to need admission (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 2.16 to 2.4) and had higher illness acuity (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.94 to 2.09). There was a negative correlation between 2004 and illness acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Ambulance use increased in 2004 after patient transport fees were abolished. Increased use was associated with decreased age, clinical acuity, and admission need. Abolishing direct patient cost stimulates ambulance use, potentially including inappropriate transport. Path analysis to assess the effect of changed funding on ambulance use could be used to the influence of other locally relevant factors contributing to ambulance use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Histological indicators of prognosis in glioblastomas: retinoblastoma protein expression and oligodendroglial differentiation indicate improved survival.

AIM: To assess the potential prognostic significance of a range of molecular and morphological parameters in glioblastomas that can be applied in the setting of a routine diagnostic neuropathology laboratory. METHODS AND RESULTS: A consecutive series of 107 adult glioblastomas were studied. Retinoblastoma and deleted-in-colon cancer (DCC) protein expression were assessed using immunocytochemistry and chromosome 10 loss by in-situ hybridization. Loss of retinoblastoma expression was associated with a worse outcome, which appeared to be independent of age. There was no significant association between chromosome 10 loss or DCC protein expression and survival. Survival was significantly increased in the 5% of patients whose tumours had focal morphological features suggesting oligodendroglial differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Glioblastomas containing areas of oligodendroglial differentiation or showing widespread immunocytochemical expression of retinoblastoma protein have a better prognosis than those without these features.

Adult↗