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PubMed2006

Preparation of cyclotron-produced 186Re and comparison with reactor-produced 186Re and generator-produced 188Re for the labeling of bombesin.

The radioisotopes (186)Re and (188)Re have been extensively investigated for various forms of radiotherapy due to their useful and high-abundance beta particle emissions, low-abundance and imageable gamma-rays, and chemical resemblance to technetium. In addition, (188)Re is available in no-carrier-added (NCA) form from long lived W-188 generators, whereas (186)Re can be produced in large quantities from reactors, although not in NCA form. However, NCA (186)Re can be produced on a cyclotron by a (p,n) reaction on (186)W. The purpose of this study was to compare labeling of the peptide bombesin with these three forms of rhenium radioisotopes. Cyclotron-produced NCA (186)Re was separated radiochemically from enriched (186)W (96.9%) targets using high-purity methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). The resulting (186)Re-MEK was then loaded onto a small alumina column to separate the resulting NCA (186)Re from any remaining (186)W. The experimental levels of impurities associated with (186)Re at the end of the separation process were found to be 5.7 x 10(-6) Ci of (182)Re (0.57%, t(1/2) = 12.7 h) and 1.283 x 10(-5) Ci of (182m)Re (1.28%, t(1/2) = 2.67 days). The radionuclidic purity of the separated (186)Re was found to be 99.6%, whereas the chemical identity was determined by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to be perrhenate ((186)ReO(4)(-)). Generator-produced (188)ReO(4)(-) from a (188)W/(188)Re generator (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) and CA (186)ReO(4)(-) produced from a (185)Re(n,gamma)(186)Re reaction at the University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR) were used for comparison with the NCA (186)Re in subsequent studies. N(3)S-5-Ava-BBN(7-14)NH(2) conjugates provide flexibility for designing (186,188)Re-labeled conjugates that retain high in vitro and in vivo specificity targeting of GRP receptor-expressing cells. This study showed that the N(3)S-5-Ava-BBN(7-14)NH(2) could be labeled with (186,188)Re following the preconjugation, postmetallation approach. The (186,188)Re(V)O-N(3)S-5-Ava-BBN(7-14)NH(2) complexes were found to form stable complexes following the reduction of perrhenate (Re(VII)O(4)(-)) with stannous chloride at room temperature, as verified by HPLC and stability studies. The radiolabeling yield was found to be >90%. The HPLC chromatograms of (186,188)Re-N(3)S-5-Ava-BBN(7-14)NH(2) complexes revealed two peaks for each conjugate, reflecting the presence of syn- and anti-isomers, which were resolvable by HPLC but re-isomerized on separation. The biodistribution studies showed that the compounds were excreted through the renal and hepatobiliary systems and demonstrated receptor-specific uptake with an average pancreas accumulation of 8.15% ID/g at 1 h postinjection. Administration of cold BBN effectively blocked pancreatic uptake and further reflects the high specificity this conjugate has for the GRP receptors. At low levels of radioactivity, radiolysis effects were not observed. Scale-up may or may not elicit this effect, particularly for the higher energy beta emitter (188)Re. The biodistribution studies demonstrated that the CA and NCA (186,188)Re conjugates behaved similarly, raising the question of whether NCA (186,188)Re is necessary for specific tumor receptor targeting.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Does tamsulosin enhance lower ureteral stone clearance with or without shock wave lithotripsy?

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether alpha1-blockers have any impact on stone clearance in patients with lower ureteral stones who underwent either shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) or were followed up with standard hydration, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory treatment. METHODS: A total of 78 patients (56 men and 22 women) who had lower ureteral stones located at the distal 5 cm of the ureter were divided into four groups. The first group consisted of 30 patients (38.5%) with stones less than 5 mm (range 3 to 5) who were randomly divided into two subgroups. Group 1 consisted of 15 patients (19.2%) who were followed up with oral hydration and diclofenac sodium. Group 2 consisted of 15 patients (19.2%) who received tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily in addition to the standard regimens. The second two groups consisted of 48 patients (61.5%) with stones greater than 5 mm (range 6 to 15) who underwent SWL. These patients were also randomly divided between those who did not (group 3, n = 24) and those who did (group 4, n = 24) receive tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily. All patients were re-evaluated with plain abdominal x-rays and helical computed tomography 15 days after the beginning of treatment. RESULTS: Of the 78 patients, 36 (46.2%) became stone free. The stone-free rate was 20%, 53.3%, 33.3%, and 70.8% for group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The best results were achieved in those who underwent SWL plus tamsulosin treatment (group 4). The differences between the stone-free rates for groups 3 versus 4 (P = 0.019) and the tamsulosin versus control groups (P = 0.0015) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of tamsulosin to conventional treatment seemed beneficial in terms of stone clearance of lower ureteral stones, and this effect was more evident for larger stones, especially when combined with SWL.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1996

Polymorphism and crystallization behavior of Abbott-79175, a second-generation 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.

The crystal polymorphism of Abbott-79175, a potent second-generation 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, has been studied. Crystallization from an ethyl acetate/heptane system in which moisture content was not controlled and from an ethanol/water system produced a crystal form I, which by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Karl Fischer analysis was likely a hemihydrate. This hemihydrate form of the compound was demonstrated to reversibly dehydrate/hydrate with the use of low heat and vacuum followed by exposure to water vapor (100% relative humidity). The dehydrated version of I was designated IA. However, it was shown that a relative humidity approaching 100% was required for the water to re-enter the crystal structure. X-ray powder diffraction and solid state 13C NMR data on polycrystalline samples crystallized from seven single organic solvents suggested two nonsolvated forms of the compound, II and III. The heptane addition rate to a dry ethyl acetate solution of the drug was shown to greatly affect the crystal habit, the crystallite size, and specific surface area upon its precipitation. Solution calorimetry of forms I, IA, and II showed that I had the most endothermic heat of solution, with IA and II having lower values. Initial dissolution rates of compressed disks of these forms in water showed rates of IA > II approximately I. Considering all data, including evidence of conversion of II to I in aqueous suspension, it is suggested that the relative thermodynamic stability (at least when water was present) in decreasing order is I > II > IA, although I and II are similar energetically. The lower terminal dissolution rate for form IA was due to, in part, conversion to the less soluble Form I.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed2005

Synthesis, characterisation, reactivity and in vitro antiamoebic activity of hydrazone based oxovanadium(IV), oxovanadium(V) and mu-bis(oxo)bis{oxovanadium(V)} complexes.

Binuclear, mu-bis(oxo)bis{oxovanadium(V)} complexes [(VOL)2(mu-O)2](2 and 7)(where HL are the hydrazones Hacpy-nah I or Hacpy-fah II; acpy = 2-acetylpyridine, nah = nicotinic acid hydrazide and fah = 2-furoic acid hydrazide) were prepared by the reaction of [VO(acac)2] and the ligands in methanol followed by aerial oxidation. The paramagnetic intermediate complexes [VO(acac)(acpy-nah)](1) and [VO(acac)(acpy-fah)](6) have also been isolated. Treatment of [VO(acac)(acpy-nah)] and [VO(acac)(acpy-fah)] with aqueous H2O2 yields the oxoperoxovanadium(V) complexes [VO(O2)(acpy-nah)](3) and [VO(O2)(acpy-fah)](8). In the presence of catechol (H2cat) or benzohydroxamic acid (H2bha), 1 and 6 give the mixed chelate complexes [VO(cat)L](HL =I: 4, HL =II: 9) or [VO(bha)L](HL =I: 5, HL =II: 10). Complexes 4, 5, 9 and 10 slowly convert to the corresponding oxo-mu-oxo species 2 and 7 in DMF solution. Ascorbic acid enhances this conversion under aerobic conditions, possibly through reduction of these complexes with concomitant removal of coordinated catecholate or benzohydroxamate. Acidification of 7 with HCl dissolved in methanol afforded a hydroxo(oxo) complex. The crystal and molecular structure of 2.1.5H2O has been determined, and the structure of 7 re-determined, by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both of these binuclear complexes contain the uncommon asymmetrical {VO(mu-O)}2 diamond core. The in vitro tests of the antiamoebic activity of ligands I and II and their binuclear complexes 2 and 7 against the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica show that the ligands have no amoebicidal activity while their vanadium complexes 2 and 7 display more effective amoebicidal activity than the most commonly used drug metronidazole (IC50 values are 1.68 and 0.45 microM, respectively vs 1.81 microM for metronidazole). Complexes 2 and 7 catalyse the oxidation of styrene and ethyl benzene effectively. Oxidation of styrene, using H2O2 as an oxidant, gives styrene epoxide, 2-phenylacetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and 1-phenyl-ethane-1,2-diol, while ethyl benzene yields benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde and 1-phenyl-ethane-1,2-diol.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

A rational approach to Re-engineer cytochrome P450 2B1 regioselectivity based on the crystal structure of cytochrome P450 2C5.

The regioselectivity for progesterone hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 2B1 was re-engineered based on the x-ray crystal structure of cytochrome P450 2C5. 2B1 is a high K(m) progesterone 16alpha-hydroxylase, whereas 2C5 is a low K(m) progesterone 21-hydroxylase. Initially, nine individual 2B1 active-site residues were changed to the corresponding 2C5 residues, and the mutants were purified from an Escherichia coli expression system and assayed for progesterone hydroxylation. At 150 microm progesterone, I114A, F297G, and V363L showed 5-15% of the 21-hydroxylase activity of 2C5, whereas F206V showed high activity for an unknown product and a 13-fold decrease in K(m). Therefore, a quadruple mutant, I114A/F206V/F297G/V363L (Q), was constructed that showed 60% of 2C5 progesterone 21-hydroxylase activity and 57% regioselectivity. Based on their 2C5-like testosterone hydroxylation profiles, S294D and I477F alone and in combination were added to the quadruple mutant. All three mutants showed enhanced regioselectivity (70%) for progesterone 21-hydroxylation, whereas only Q/I477F had a higher k(cat). Finally, the remaining three single mutants, V103I, V367L, and G478V, were added to Q/I477F and Q/S294D/I477F, yielding seven additional multiple mutants. Among these, Q/V103I/S294D/I477F showed the highest k(cat) (3-fold higher than that of 2C5) and 80% regioselectivity for progesterone 21-hydroxylation. Docking of progesterone into a three-dimensional model of this mutant indicated that 21-hydroxylation is favored. In conclusion, a systematic approach to convert P450 regioselectivity across subfamilies suggests that active-site residues are mainly responsible for regioselectivity differences between 2B1 and 2C5 and validates the reliability of 2B1 models based on the crystal structure of 2C5.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A revised estimate of the risk of carcinogenesis from x-rays to scoliosis patients.

A considerable amount of concern has been felt recently for the risk of carcinogenesis from x-rays to scoliosis patients. This paper re-evaluates risk in quantitative terms by using some data measured by us and other data recently published in the literature. The risks are considerably smaller than had been estimated earlier. Compared with the natural incidence of cancer in the general population, the cumulative additional risk for scoliosis patients varies from 0.2% for breast carcinoma to 5% for leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Radiology in Rwanda.

This account documents some aspects of military radiology in the aftermath of the Rwandan Civil War of 1994. Following the genocidal conflict of April-July 1994, all radiographic services ceased in Rwanda, a nation of some 7,500,000 people. As part of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force, UNAMIR II, the Australian Medical Support Force established and provided, on an ongoing basis, sophisticated medical, surgical and intensivist care for the sick and wounded United Nations personnel, of whom there were up to 7000 deployed in Rwanda; and, as part of its humanitarian outreach, emergency medical and surgical care for Rwandese civilians. The Australian contingent of 308 service personnel established the Australian Military Hospital (the 'United Nations Hospital') in the former Clinic Wing of the Kigali Central Hospital. From August 1994 the Radiology Department of the Australian Medical Support Force provided the first specialist X-ray services as part of the re-building of the stricken nation and, over the ensuing year, provided a diagnostic service for soldiers and civilians with both chronic and recent war wounds, trauma victims in the aftermath of the Civil War, sick and injured soldiers and Rwandese suffering from any of the full range of medical conditions encountered in tropical Africa.

Australia↗
PubMed2006

Statistical deconvolution of enthalpic energetic contributions to MHC-peptide binding affinity.

BACKGROUND: MHC Class I molecules present antigenic peptides to cytotoxic T cells, which forms an integral part of the adaptive immune response. Peptides are bound within a groove formed by the MHC heavy chain. Previous approaches to MHC Class I-peptide binding prediction have largely concentrated on the peptide anchor residues located at the P2 and C-terminus positions. RESULTS: A large dataset comprising MHC-peptide structural complexes was created by re-modelling pre-determined x-ray crystallographic structures. Static energetic analysis, following energy minimisation, was performed on the dataset in order to characterise interactions between bound peptides and the MHC Class I molecule, partitioning the interactions within the groove into van der Waals, electrostatic and total non-bonded energy contributions. CONCLUSION: The QSAR techniques of Genetic Function Approximation (GFA) and Genetic Partial Least Squares (G/PLS) algorithms were used to identify key interactions between the two molecules by comparing the calculated energy values with experimentally-determined BL50 data. Although the peptide termini binding interactions help ensure the stability of the MHC Class I-peptide complex, the central region of the peptide is also important in defining the specificity of the interaction. As thermodynamic studies indicate that peptide association and dissociation may be driven entropically, it may be necessary to incorporate entropic contributions into future calculations.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1984

A follow-up study on the lung disorders of rush (igusa) farmers exposed to "sendo" dust.

In the process of "tatami" mat production, from cultivating to weaving, rush farmers are exposed to "sendo" (dyer's earth) dust using it to prevent fading of the "tatami" mat color. It has been found that the workers tend to develop a relatively early stage of pneumoconiosis after about 20 years of this work. In 1980, 51 male (58.6 years old) and 37 female (54.4 years old) rush farmers, some of whom were previously examined in 1970, were re-examined for lung disorders. Chest X rays in the 1980 showed, 49.0% of males and 62.2% of females over 1/0 according to the 12 point profusion scale with irregular small opacities being dominant, a significant increase in the prevalence rates of pneumoconiosis compared with 1970 values (p less than 0.01 for both males and females). A relatively high prevalence of respiratory complaints and/or lung function impairment was also found. However, there were no severe cases and no significant changes were seen to have occurred during the seventies by those tests. It was also observed that increases in lung disorders during the decade were more common in the female workers. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of rush farmer's pneumoconiosis might be in the histological changes of bronchial and/or alveolar walls by the deposition of "sendo" dust. The present study revealed that the lung disorders in the rush farmers may be associated with long-term inhalation of "sendo" dust, and the introduction of more suitable dust control measures in that processing must be actively pursued in the near future.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Corrective neuromuscular approach to the treatment of iliotibial band friction syndrome: a case report.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the evaluation and treatment process for inappropriate functional patterns of neuromuscular activity within the scope of an iliotibial band friction syndrome protocol. BACKGROUND: Runners with iliotibial band friction syndrome are frequently fitted with orthotic devices to restrict excessive midfoot or rearfoot, or both, motions during the stance phase. These devices may fail to yield favorable results when underlying neuromuscular factors are associated with functional iliotibial band tightening. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: Distal biceps femoris tendinitis, popliteal tendinitis, lateral meniscus lesion. TREATMENT: The athlete's physical examination revealed several patterns of inappropriate neuromuscular activity attributed partly to the prolonged daily wear of beach-type sandals. Modifications of casual footwear and a temporary reduction in training volume were recommended initially to prevent exacerbation of the athlete's condition. Stretching, massage, and soft tissue mobilization were administered in accordance with the athlete's specific needs. The protocol included progressions of nonweightbearing and weightbearing therapeutic exercises. Neuromuscular electric stimulation was incorporated into the protocol to re-educate the role of the first ray within the stance phase of the athlete's walking gait. UNIQUENESS: Upon stationary examination, this athlete presented with normal lumbar and lower extremity postures. Gait analysis, however, revealed inappropriate dorsiflexion of the great toe during ambulation. Further, the athlete's performances on a series of tests to assess neuromuscular function were substandard. This athlete's response to previous treatment and unique physical findings required a corrective neuromuscular approach that deviates from iliotibial band friction syndrome protocols advocating the use of orthotics. CONCLUSIONS: While the role of any single treatment in the athlete's recovery remains unknown, it seems that a corrective neuromuscular approach in the management of iliotibial band friction syndrome represents a viable alternative to orthotic intervention.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

[A case of follicular bronchiolitis with broncho-pleural fistula in rheumatoid arthritis].

A 67-year-old male diagnosed clinically as having rheumatoid pleuritis and bronchiolitis was treated with adrenocorticosteroid. His clinical findings improved, but following the tapering of the steroid dose, exacerbation occurred. After the steroid dose was increased, serological findings improved, but chest X-ray findings revealed no improvement. To re-evaluate the etiology of the bronchiolar lesion, open lung biopsy was performed. The biopsy specimen showed lymphocytic infiltration and formation of lymphoid follicles in and around the bronchioles. The pulmonary lesion was diagnosed as follicular bronchiolitis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastroduodenal and ileal polyps in patients treated surgically for familial polyposis coli with proctocolectomy and continent ileostomy.

Eighteen patients, who previously had been treated surgically for familial polyposis coli with proctocolectomy and a continent ileostomy were re-investigated with endoscopy and X-ray for gastric, duodenal and ileal polyps. Gastric and/or duodenal polyps were found in 6 patients and ileal polyps in 2. Altogether upper GI-polyps were found in 7 patients (39%). Most polyps were true adenomas. In one patient with large gastric adenomas, the severe dysplasia called for a gastric resection. It is obvious that familial polyposis may affect the whole gastro-intestinal tract, therefore necessitating regular surveillance of the upper GI-canal as well as the colon and rectum in patients with this hereditary affliction.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Posttraumatic retropharyngeal hematoma of delayed onset].

Retropharyngeal hematoma (RE) is a rare occurrence. A case of RE in a 48-year-old man who suffered a whiplash trauma in a motor vehicle accident is reported. He had been receiving long-term aspirin therapy for ischemic heart disease. Management consisted on tracheostomy and medical treatment and the patient evolved satisfactorily. Whiplash injuries that take place in predisposed subjects can originate RE. Diagnosis is made by X-ray and CT. If acute airway obstruction occurs it is safer to perform tracheostomy than endotracheal intubation. If the lesion is non-expanding, medical treatment is preferred by most authors, so do we.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

Studies of the Structure and Composition of Rhenium-1,1-Hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate (HEDP) Analogues of the Radiotherapeutic Agent (186)ReHEDP.

Complexes of technetium with diphosphonate ligands are widely used for the imaging and diagnosis of bone disease and most especially metastatic bone cancer. Analogous complexes of radioactive rhenium ((186)Re) with the ligand H(4)HEDP, 1,1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate, have been shown to be effective palliatives for the treatment of the intense pain associated with metastatic bone cancer. We have synthesized several of these analogs using nonradioactive Re and have structurally characterized them using EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) spectroscopy. One complex synthesized via the substitution reaction of HEDP with trans-[(py)(4)(O)(2)Re]Cl in absolute ethanol appears to be the 1:1 salt of the tris-HEDP complex anion with the starting Re cation, [(py)(4)(O)(2)Re][Re(H(2)HEDP)(3)]. Three other materials, all synthesized via reduction of perrhenate by stannous chloride in the presence of excess H(4)HEDP ligand, are quite different in structure from the material formed by substitution. The principal difference is that each of these contains Re-Re bonds and is formulated as oligomers. The material with a large excess of reductant has Re-Re bonds of ca. 2.4 Å and is best modeled as a linear tetramer of rhenium atoms bridged by HEDP ligands which also bind an equivalent number of tin atoms with additional HEDP ligands. It is formulated as Li(x)()[Re(4)(OH)(2)Sn(4)(HEDP)(12)]. The material formed with the least amount of reducing agent is best modeled as a triangular cluster of rhenium atoms bicapped by two HEDP ligands and bridged to three tin atoms by HEDP to form a complex Li(x)()[Re(3)Sn(3)(HEDP)(8)]. It also has Re-Re bonds but of a significantly longer distance, ca. 2.8 Å. A material with an intermediate amount of reducing agent, prepared in a manner most closely resembling the medically effective palliative agent, appears to contain a mixture of these, and perhaps other, oligomers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Synthesis, Structures, and Redox Properties of Octa(&mgr;(3)-sulfido)hexarhenium(III) Complexes Having Terminal Pyridine Ligands.

A series of &mgr;(3)-sulfido Re-Re bonded octahedral hexarhenium(III) clusters having mixed chloride-pyridine (py) or -4-cyanopyridine (cpy) terminal ligands, [Bu(4)N](2)[trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(py)(2)}] (Bu(4)N(+) = tetra-n-butylammonium cation) (1a), [Bu(4)N](2)[cis-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(py)(2)}] (1b), [Bu(4)N](2)[trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(cpy)(2)}] (2a), [Bu(4)N](2)[cis-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(cpy)(2)}] (2b), and [Bu(4)N][mer-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(3)(py)(3)}] (3), and their one-electron-oxidized Re(III)(5)Re(IV) species, [Bu(4)N][trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(py)(2)}] (1a'), [Bu(4)N][trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(cpy)(2)}] (2a'), and mer-[Re(6)S(8)Cl(3)(py)(3)] (3'), have been prepared and characterized by several physical methods. X-ray crystallographic studies for 1a, 2a, and 3 showed that the Re(6)S(8) core structures are not significantly affected by the type and number of pyridyl ligands. The mixed valent cluster 1a' is of a structurally delocalized type, structural parameters being very similar to those of 1a. Cyclic voltammograms in acetonitrile showed that there is no distinct difference in the redox potentials (Re(III)(6)/Re(III)(5)Re(IV)) between the cis and the corresponding trans isomers. Both 1a and 1b show a reversible redox wave at 0.77 V vs Ag/AgCl. Redox potentials are more positive for 2a and 2b (0.83 V) and 3 (0.97 V). Clusters 2a and 2b show two-step ligand-centered redox waves at -1.19 and -1.28 V, and -1.18 and -1.29 V, respectively. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements have revealed that 1a' and 3' have an S = 1/2 ground state. The electron self-exchange rate constant for the reaction of 2a with 2a' in dichloromethane as obtained by (1)H NMR line-broadening method is 1.2 x 10(9) M(-)(1) s(-)(1) (298.2 K) with DeltaH() = 30.2 +/- 2.1 kJ mol(-)(1) and DeltaS() = 30 +/- 8 J mol(-)(1) K(-)(1). It has been suggested that the previously reported protonated species [Re(6)S(7)(SH)Cl(6)](3)(-) would actually be a one-electron-oxidized [Re(6)S(8)Cl(6)](3)(-). Crystal data: [Bu(4)N](2)[trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(py)(2)}] (1a), monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 24.693(8) Å, b = 19.494(4) Å, c = 18.592(4) Å, beta = 115.76(2) degrees, Z = 4; [Bu(4)N](2)[trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(cpy)(2)}] (2a), orthorhombic, space group Cmca, a = 19.304(3) Å, b = 17.894(7) Å, c = 18.773(4) Å, Z = 4; [Bu(4)N][mer-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(3)(py)(3)}] (3), monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 16.156(5) Å, b = 19.760(5) Å, c = 18.895(4) Å, beta = 108.94(2) degrees, Z = 4; [Bu(4)N][trans-{Re(6)S(8)Cl(4)(py)(2)}] (1a'), monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 20.524(5) Å, b = 13.794(4) Å, c = 16.399(4) Å, beta = 109.72(2) degrees, Z = 4.

Journal Article↗