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[An alternative to the hospitalization of the demented elderly: the nursing home].

The number of demented old people continues to increase. Their admission to a hospital is dangerous ("Syndrome de Glissement") and tolerated with difficulty by the nursing staff. The solution of home care is interesting but insufficient. The creation of collective homes for demented elderly seems to furnish an effective solution contributing to a decrease in hospital admissions and a better quality of life for these persons. The modalities of creation and functioning are considered and allows one to think that these establishments will appear in France and also, in the world.

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Apples and oranges? A review of evaluations of community-based long-term care.

This article synthesizes the contradictory findings of the community-based long-term care evaluation literature by grouping 13 studies into three models of care tested. All studies are reviewed according to tenets of internal and external/construct validity to ascertain what is "known" and "not known" about the effectiveness of this new type of care, and to specify areas needing further research. Findings suggest that increased preoperational specification of underlying theory, increased sophistication in targeting services to high-risk groups, use of multivariate analysis, and the development of more relevant outcome measures will improve the quality of future study findings, thereby contributing to theory and model building in this field.

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Volunteer program to assist the elderly to remain in home settings.

A community-based volunteer program was organized to improve the quality of life for elderly individuals in the community. Each elderly client referred for the program from welfare and home health agencies, or from family and friends, was matched with a volunteer who visited regularly. The volunteers also assisted with transportation, sitting, home maintenance, and meal preparation when these services were not available. The goals of the program were to improve the quality of life of elderly in the community, to assist the clients to remain in their home setting despite physical limitations, to encourage positive attitudes toward the elderly by the volunteers, and to increase the community's awareness of the older person's needs. The program also included educational seminars on gerontology for volunteers and community members.

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