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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

New human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line with highly metastatic potential (MHCC97) and its expressions of the factors associated with metastasis.

A new human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line with a highly metastatic potential was established from subcutaneous xenograft of a metastatic model of human HCC in nude mice (LCI-D20) by means of alternating cell culture in vitro and growth in nude mice. The line, designated MHCC97, has been cultivated for 18 months and subcultured for more than 90 passages. The line was showed to be of human origin by karyotype analysis. The cells were either grown as compact colonies (in clusters) or as a monolayered sheet with about 31 h of population-doubling time, exhibited typical malignant epithelial in morphology and were positive for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Flow cytometric analysis of the cell DNA content showed an aneuploid pattern, and its index was 1.5 as compared to that of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Karyotypic analyses of G- and C-banding techniques revealed that all cells presented chromosome abnormalities in number and structure. The number of cell line MHCC97 chromosome ranged from 59 to 65 with a modal number of 60 and 61. At least two common chromosome markers, i(1q) and der(4)t(4;?)(4pter-->q35::?), were present in all cells, and deletion of Y chromosome also occurred in all cells. The subcutaneous and intrahepatic xenografts were formed and metastatic lesions in lungs were found after the cells were inoculated into nude mice. The rate of metastasis to lungs was 100% using orthotopic inoculation. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction products revealed positive expressions of integrin alpha5 and beta1, urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), vascular endothelial growth factor and nm23-H1 mRNAs of cell line MHCC97. Immunostaining of c-Met, uPAR showed strongly positive in both subcutaneous xenografts and lung metastatic lesions; while positive in xenografts and negative in metastatic lesions for integrin alpha5, beta1. E-cadherin and P53 was not expressed either in xenograft or in the metastatic lesions. PCR products of HBsAg and HBxAg were both positive. The cell line MHCC97 still retained some characteristic features of original tumour. Establishment of cell line MHCC97 should be beneficial to the studies of HCC metastatic mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Long-term results of interventional treatment of large unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): significant survival benefit from combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) compared to TACE monotherapy].

PURPOSE: A retrospective analysis of long-term efficacy of combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and TACE monotherapy was conducted in patients with large, non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty patients with large, unresectable HCC lesions underwent selective TACE. Liver cirrhosis was present in 42 patients, due to alcohol abuse (n = 22) and viral infection (n = 17). In three patients, the underlying cause for liver cirrhosis remained unclear. Child A cirrhosis was found in 22 and Child B cirrhosis in 20 patients. Repeated and combined TACE and PEI were performed in 22 patients and repeated TACE monotherapy was performed in 28 patients. Survival and complication rates were determined and compared. RESULTS: The 6-,12-, 24- and 36-month survival rates were 61 %, 21 %, 4 %, and 4 % for TACE monotherapy and 77 %, 55 %, 39 % and 22 % for combined TACE and PEI (Kaplan-Meier method). The kind of treatment significantly affected the survival rate (p = 0.002 log-rank test). Severe side effects were present in two patients of the monotherapy group and in three patients of the combination therapy group. CONCLUSION: The combination of TACE and PEI is an effective and safe method in the palliative treatment of large HCC that has the potential of improving long term survival compared to TACE monotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A retrospective study of radiotherapy for spinal bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy on spinal bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted on 24 ambulatory patients with spinal bone metastases from HCC treated by radiotherapy from 1995 to 2004. Ambulatory rate and local progression-free rate after radiotherapy were analyzed. Eight (33%) of 24 patients had radiographic spinal cord compression from the spinal bone metastases before the treatment. Two (8.3%) of the 24 patients had some spinal deficits before the treatment. Biological equivalent dose (BED) with alpha/beta ratios of 10 ranged from 39 to 50.7 Gy (median 44.8 Gy). RESULTS: The median observation period was 5.1 months ranging from 0.9 to 36.0 months. Among the 24 patients, five (21%) underwent salvage therapies, while of the remaining 19 patients four (21%) became nonambulatory by the last follow-up. The ambulatory rates at 3 months and 6 months were 85 and 63%, respectively. The local progression-free rates at 3 months and 6 months were 53 and 47%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Radiotherapy with a BED of 39-50.7 Gy (median 44.8 Gy) is not sufficiently effective for the patients with spinal bone metastases from HCC to prevent paralysis. Dose escalation with a highly precise radiation technique will need to be evaluated.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with radiolabeled Lipiodol: a preliminary report.

Fatty acid esters such as Lipiodol or Ethiodol (Savage Laboratories, Melville, New York) are known to selectively localize in vascular hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), following intra-arterial hepatic administration. Lipiodol was labeled with radioactive 131I and administered in 47 patients with HCC for both imaging and therapy. The short term preliminary results suggest radiolabeled Lipiodol is effective in eliminating ascites, shrinking the tumor by a high internal radiation dose, and in improving symptomatology of these tumors. In the future, 90Y, which is a stronger pure beta-emitter (maximum beta energy of 2.27 MeV, a half life of 64 h, and a maximum penetration or beta range of 11mm), than 131I will be used for more effective treatment of HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

MRI in detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest malignancy of the liver and is usually due to cirrhosis. Early detection of HCC and the premalignant dysplastic nodules has implications on the management options of tumor ablation, liver resection and transplantation. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for the detection and characterization of lesions, in the identification of dysplastic nodules and their malignant transformation into HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of large HCC: transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with percutaneous ethanol injection versus repeated transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) versus repeated TACE in the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients with cirrhosis and a large HCC (main tumor, 3.1-8.0 cm in diameter with no more than two daughter nodules) were enrolled in a prospective, randomized study. Twenty-six patients underwent a single TACE session followed by PEI (TACE-PEI group), whereas 27 patients underwent two to five TACE sessions (TACE group). Both groups of patients were similar with regard to liver function. Follow-up ranged from 8 to 39 months. RESULTS: Complete therapeutic responses were higher (P < .05) and tumor recurrences during follow-up were lower (P < .05) in the TACE-PEI group than in the TACE group. Patients in the TACE-PEI group survived longer than those in the TACE group, although the difference was not significant (P > .1). The rates of survival without recurrence were better in the TACE-PEI group than in the TACE group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Use of a single TACE session combined with PEI is more effective than repeated TACE in the treatment of large HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Prediction of efficacy of interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis C and occurrence of HCC after interferon treatment by a new classification.

One hundred and twenty-one chronic hepatitis C patients were administered interferon (IFN) and divided into two groups: 31 complete responders (CR) with prolonged HCV-RNA negative 1 year after treatment and 90 non-complete responders (non-CR), including partial responders (PR) with transiently negative HCV-RNA and non-responders (NR) with continuously positive HCV-RNA. Liver biopsy specimens were classified into four grades and stages according to the degree of severity and the extent of fibrosis, respectively. No correlation was observed between the rate of IFN efficacy and grading. By staging, however, a difference in the efficacy of IFN was observed between F1 or F2 and F3 (0.05 < p < 0.1 and 0.01 < p < 0.025, respectively). Of the CR, 0% (0/5) were at F0 and 27.9% (24/86) at F1, 42.9% (6/14) at F2, and 6.3% (1/16) at F3. Another group of 118 chronic hepatitis patients (31 CR, 41 PR and 46 NR) followed up for over 2 years after IFN treatment were analyzed. By staging, 7 cases were at F0, 76 at F1, 18 at F2, and 17 at F3. HCC occurred in 1 of the 31 CR cases (representing an annual incidence rate of 1.21%), in 4 of the 41 PR cases (4.08%), and in 4 of the 46 NR cases (3.55%). HCC did not occur in any of the 7 cases at F0 (representing an annual incidence rate of 0%); it occurred in 2 of the 76 cases at F1 (1.01%), in 1 of the 18 cases at F2 (2.28%), and in 6 of the 17 cases at F3 (16.57%). These results suggest that the new classification would be conducive to roughly predicting the efficacy of IFN treatment and the occurrence of HCC after IFN treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are 90K/MAC-2BP serum levels correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients? Preliminary results.

In this study we assessed the prognostic significance of 90K/MAC-2BP serum levels in a group of 40 hepatocellular carcinoma patients. This glycoprotein is a new, interesting serum marker that reflects the immune reaction of the host against certain viral infections and tumors such as breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most widespread tumors in the world. AFP is currently the most useful marker for HCC, in spite of its poor diagnostic sensitivity. In this study 40 cirrhotic HCC patients were enrolled. The prevalence of viral hepatic infections in this group was 73% for HCV, 8% for HBV, and 8% for both viruses. Thirteen percent of the patients showed non-virus-related liver damage. 90K serum levels were assayed by an ELISA kit and AFP levels by a chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric system. The overall survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, taking into account age, sex, 90K and AFP serum levels. Statistical analysis showed a highly significant influence on overall survival of age below 70 years and 90K serum levels below the cutoff of 14 ng/mL. Serum AFP (< or = 20 ng/mL) had positive prognostic value only when it was associated with 90K levels (p < 0.02, log-rank).

Aged↗
PubMed2004

alpha1-antitrypsin and its C-terminal fragment attenuate effects of degranulated neutrophil-conditioned medium on lung cancer HCC cells, in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Tumor microenvironment, which is largely affected by inflammatory cells, is a crucial participant in the neoplastic process through promotion of cell proliferation, survival and migration. We measured the effects of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) conditioned medium alone, and supplemented with serine proteinase inhibitor alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) or its C-terminal fragment (C-36 peptide), on cultured lung cancer cells. METHODS: Lung cancer HCC cells were grown in a regular medium or in a PMN-conditioned medium in the presence or absence of AAT (0.5 mg/ml) or its C-36 peptide (0.06 mg/ml) for 24 h. Cell proliferation, invasiveness and release of IL-8 and VEGF were analyzed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation, Matrigel invasion and ELISA methods, respectively. RESULTS: Cells exposed to PMN-conditioned medium show decreased proliferation and IL-8 release by 3.9-fold, p < 0.001 and 1.3-fold, p < 0.05, respectively, and increased invasiveness by 2-fold (p < 0.001) compared to non-treated controls. In the presence of AAT, PMN-conditioned medium loses its effects on cell proliferation, invasiveness and IL-8 release, whereas VEGF is up-regulated by 3.7-fold (p < 0.001) compared to controls. Similarly, C-36 peptide abolishes the effects of PMN-conditioned medium on cell invasiveness, but does not alter its effects on cell proliferation, IL-8 and VEGF release. Direct HCC cell exposure to AAT enhances VEGF, but inhibits IL-8 release by 1.7-fold (p < 0.001) and 1.4-fold (p < 0.01) respectively, and reduces proliferation 2.5-fold (p < 0.01). In contrast, C-36 peptide alone did not affect these parameters, but inhibited cell invasiveness by 51.4% (p < 0.001), when compared with non-treated controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence that neutrophil derived factors decrease lung cancer HCC cell proliferation and IL-8 release, but increase cell invasiveness. These effects were found to be modulated by exogenously present serine proteinase inhibitor, AAT, and its C-terminal fragment, which points to a complexity of the relationships between tumor cell biological activities and local microenvironment.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

[Expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in HCC using in situ hybridization technique].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) mRNA expression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its invasion and metastasis. METHODS: 34 cases of HCC and their pericarcinomatous tissues were studied on cryostat sections by in situ hybridization to investigate ICAM-1 mRNA expression. RESULTS: The ICAM-1 mRNA expression was stronger in the carcinomatous tissues of 19/21 invasive cases than that in the pericarcinomatous tissues, while in the 13 non-invasive cases, only 4 exhibited weak ICAM-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 mRNA expression may correlate with increased risk of invasion and metastasis of HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Evaluation of the arterial phase of biphase enhanced SCT in the diagnosis of small HCC].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of the arterial phase (AP) of biphase enhanced SCT in the diagnosis of small HCC and investigate the criteria, initial time, ending time and duration of AP. METHODS: From May 1995 to March 1999, patients with small HCC proved by surgicopathology including 49 cases (N = 53) in the 1st group, 148 cases (N = 186) in the 2nd group and 52 cases (N = 52)n in the 3rd group were collected. Biphase dynamic enhanced SCT scans were performed in all patients of three groups and additional single-level dynamic scans only done in the 3rd group. The detectability, diagnostic accuracy of the lesions and enhancement of the lesion in AP were analyzed statistically. In addition, the initial time, ending time and duration of AP were measured. RESULTS: The results of the 1st group showed the detectability of small HCC was 88.68% in AP and 90.57% in both phases, higher than those by US. Markedly enhanced lesion in AP accounted for 76% and 78% in the 2nd and 3rd groups respectively. The initial, ending and duration times of AP measured on single-level dynamic scans were 16.9 s, 39.6 s and 22.7 s in average respectively. CONCLUSION: The biphase dynamic SCT especially its arterial phase appears to be very valuable in diagnosing small HCCs. In light of short duration of AP, understanding and strict control of AP is obviously imperative.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Antiandrogen treatment for nude mice model with ectopic transplanted human HCC].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of antiandrogen on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Nude mice model with orthotopic transplanted human HCC was constructed and the androgen receptor (AR) in tumor and surrounding liver tissue was assayed dynamically. Nude mice with ectopic transplanted HCC were treated with flutamide (blocker of AR) at two different dosages (Group F1, F2), normal saline(Group C), and anticancer drug(Group M). The effect of treatments was compared among the groups. RESULTS: The quantity of AR in nucleus and cytoplasm in tumor and tumor-surrounding tissue decreased with the increasing size of tumor in proper order. AR in tumor was significantly less in F1 and F2 groups than in other groups. The tumor weight of group F1, F2 and C had no significant difference (1.36 +/- 0.82 g, 2.66 +/- 1.40 g, 1.66 +/- 0.79 g, respectively), but was significantly higher than that of group M. CONCLUSION: Androgen may play a role at the initial stage of hepatocarcinogenesis, and antiandrogen therapy may be ineffective in the established tumor.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed2002

Alternation of AFP-mRNA level detected in blood circulation during liver resection for HCC and its significance.

AIM: To investigate whether the current manipulation of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes dissemination of liver tumor cells into blood circulation. METHODS: Fifty patients with HCC, but without evidences of metastases, were enrolled for the study. Samples of peripheral blood before skin incision and after abdominal wall suture, and those of hepatic venous blood and portal venous blood after liver parenchyma dissection,were obtained. AFP-mRNA was extracted from the blood samples and detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. The changes of its expression during the operation were accessed by the ratio of fluorescence of AFP and beta-actin primers-amplified products. RESULTS: The rate of its expression before and after operation in peripheral blood, and during operation in portal venous and hepatic venous blood was 42.0 %, 34.0 %, 42.0 % and 56.0 % respectively, There was no difference between them. However, the ratio of fluorescence of AFP and beta-actin primers-amplified products from hepatic venous blood during operation is significantly higher than the other three types of samples (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: the current manipulation of liver resection for HCC can cause the releases of AFP mRNA-expressed cells from the liver, probably including tumor cells, into hepatic vein. These cells may spread into blood circulation and become the source of recurrence after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Overexpression of Bax up-regulates the sensitivity of HCC-9204 cell apoptosis induced by adriamycin.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Bax could regulate the sensitivity of human HCC-9204 cells to adriamycin. METHODS: Overexpression of Bax was induced through inducible system and MT-II regulatory system, with addition of ZnSO(4) (100 micro mol L(-1)) as external inducer. Stable transfecting inducible expression vector containing Bax gene was performed. Apoptotic cells were measured by morphological criteria, and detection of apopto tic DNA fragmentation by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry. The ability of Bax to lower clonogenic cell survival rate was studied by colony-forming assay, while decrease of cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS: HC-9204 cells treated with adriamycin (20 micro mol/L) showed extensive cell death with nucleus fragmentation detected by TUNEL assay. FACS analysis showed a significant sub-G(1) peak and apoptosis in 31% cells 24 hr after treatment. Bax was able to significantly decrease clonogenic survival rate in adriamycin treatment group, showing time dependence. Bax could selectively sensitize HCC-9204 cells to cell death induced by DNA damaging agent-adriamycin. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of Bax is able to sensitize HCC-9204 cell apoptosis induced by a driamycin.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2002

[Modified pharmacokinetic modulation chemotherapy (PMC) with medication of UFT and intraarterial infusion of 5-FU for advanced unresectable HCC].

UNLABELLED: Advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was treated with modified pharmacokinetic modulation chemotherapy (PMC). METHOD: Modified PMC consists of medication with UFT and intraarterial infusion of 5-FU. The dose of UFT is 300 or 400 mg/day. The infusion to hepatic artery of 5-FU is performed with 500 mg/body in an outpatient clinic once a week from reservoir port for 5 hours. RESULTS: The number of recurrent cases after hepatectomy was 5, and that of initial cases with unresectable HCC was 3. Three cases had tumor thrombus in the main portal branch. One patient had tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava, which reached to the right atrium. The mean number of infusions in all cases was 21. One case showed PR, and 3 cases NC. Three of 6 mortality cases died from liver failure without tumor progression. One year survival rates of the patients with tumor thrombus in the portal trunk or IVC were 75.0%. The mean survival period of these cases was 12.5 +/- 4.2 months. CONCLUSION: Modified PMC had no severe side effect and was effective for advanced unresectable HCC.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The preventive effect of antineoplaston AS2-1 on HCC recurrence.

Once hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops, it repeats intrahepatic metastasis and has multicentric occurrence, which requires frequent treatment. We designed a phase II clinical trail to clarify whether antineoplaston AS2-1, a mixture of sodium salts of phenylacetylglutamine and phenylacetic acid at a ratio of 1:4, prolongs the recurrence-free interval of HCC patients who undergo frequent treatments for recurrence. Ten patients were enrolled in this trial, 2 in stage I, 6 in stage II, 1 in stage III, 1 in stage IV-B at initial diagnosis. Ten patients experienced 35 recurrence-free intervals. Recurrence-free intervals during antineoplaston AS2-1 administration were significantly longer than those without antineoplaston AS2-1 (16.19+/-15.916 versus 5.05+/-2.897 months: p<0.01). Patients who experienced recurrence-free intervals with and without antineoplaston AS2-1 showed longer intervals during antineoplaston AS2-1 administration than those before and after antineoplaston AS2-1 administration (14.47+/-13.821 versus 5.07+/-2.989 versus 5.02+/-3.009 months: p<0.05). Two patients in stage I showed longer recurrence-free intervals than those in more advanced stages. In conclusion, antineoplaston AS2-1 could not prevent recurrence of HCC but prolonged the recurrence-free interval between regional treatments and improved survival rate of these patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2003

[Establishment of a human cervical carcinoma cell line HCC-0214 and its biological characteristics].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a strain of human cervical carcinoma cell line and to provide a cervical carcinoma animal model. METHODS: The cervical carcinoma specimens incised aseptically were cultured in vitro by tissue culture methods, giving a tumor cell growth curve. Morphology of the cells was observed, with cell cycling analysis and chromosome analysis performed. The tumor markers (ER, PR, Keratine, PCNA) expressions of the cell line were detected by immuno-cytochemical technique. RESULTS: A human cervical carcinoma cell line HCC-0214 (H) has been obtained by in vitro tissue culture methods. The cells have been maintained for 16 months through 131 passages, showing a stable growth with a population doubling time of 35.48 h and a tendency to pile up without contact inhibition. The ultrastructure showed typical desmosomes and numerous tonofilaments. Chromosome analysis revealed the number of chromosomes per cell varied from 35-156 with a stem-line number of 58-80 (64.8%). The morphology of chromosomes showed human tumor cell structure. The tumor markers (ER, PR, Keratine, PCNA) of the cells showed a high expression. The DNA index was 1.931 by flow cytometry (FCM). The histopathology of the transplanted tumors in nude mice was the same as the original tumor, though with none successful by serum culture. CONCLUSION: A human cervical carcinoma cell line HCC-0214 established by tissue culture is identical to the primary cancer cell in biological characters. After the cells have been passaged for more than 16 months continually, their characteristics are still retained. Therefore, HCC-0214 may be used as a stable cell line.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2002

[Extended indications for liver transplantation in HCC with special reference to living donor liver donation].

Under strict indication criteria (solitary tumor < 5 cm or up to 3 tumors < 3 cm, no vascular invasion) the 5-year-survival rate after liver transplantation for HCC in cirrhosis is up to 70% to 75% in comparison to 80% to 90% in benign disease. With regard to organ shortage an extended indication for liver transplantation in HCC, i.e. for highly differentiated HCC between 5 cm and 7 cm, can only be discussed if there is an increase in the number of donor livers. Currently, living donation offers the only solution for this problem. The decision for living donor liver transplantation for an extended indication has to be drawn most carefully and individually. In addition to the donor's risk, to the prognosis of the recipient and to economical aspects the desire of the donor to offer the chance of transplantation despite a probably poor prognosis has to be considered and respected.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗