[Some considerations on clinical aspects of ichthyotoxism in French Polynesia. Apropos of 350 cases].
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All the Tahitian school children from 3rd to final grade were questioned by an auto-questionnaire in May 1979. 93% replied to the questions asked (3,870). The prevalence of upper respiratory infections was increased as well as broncho-pulmonary symptoms (cough or other lung disease) during the year under study when compared to a control group in Metropolitan France. This prevalence was significantly increased both in boys and girls who smoked. The incidence of frequent or chronic cough was most increased in the older pupils, boarders, those followed a technical curriculum and belonging to the lower socio-professional categories. Asthma was very frequent at 11.5%, had an equal sex incidence and was not linked to any identifiable factor--the same enquiry was done in the Bas-Rhin department in France 3 years before; Tahitian school children, in general, have double the incidence of respiratory disease that is found in the Bas-Rhin.
60 cases of leptospiroses were diagnosed in Polynesia by blood culture and immunological test. Fever and pains are prevailing signs. Among 3 patients, presence of leptospires is revealed on the 43th, 54th and 90th days. The following serogroups are found: Icterohaemorrhagiae 69.7%, Canicola 13%, Pomona 4%, Australis 2%. 85% of the patients come from Tahiti and 15% from "Sousle-Vent" Islands and Tuamotou. Walking bare foot on wet ground in areas where numerous rodents are found is a source of contamination. The procedure of blood cultures plays a prominent part.
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The authors record, the first evidence of Platynosomum fastosum in a polynesian cat. This fluke has been previously encountered but was misdiagnosed a Dicrocoelium dendriticum. A finest observation of the morphological characteristics permit to distinguish on the both genera.