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PubMed1993

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF; filgrastim) treatment of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis.

After 10 weeks of treatment with clozapine, severe agranulocytosis was diagnosed in a 33-year-old female. The patient was treated with filgrastim (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF]) 5 micrograms kg-1 day-1. The neutrophil count was 0.234 x 10(9) l-1 on admission, with a further decrease the next day to < 0.050 x 10(9) l-1, and this complete agranulocytosis continued for 10 days. As no response was obtained after 1 week the dosage of filgrastim was increased to 10 micrograms kg-1 day-1 with immediate improvement. A rapid and pronounced leucocytosis developed with maximal value of neutrophil granulocytes (including immature forms) of 33.108 x 10(9) l-1 on day 12 after admission. The patient only had minor infectious complications during the neutropenic period. In conclusion, early treatment with filgrastim seems warranted in severe cases of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. A dosage of 10 micrograms kg-1 day-1 can be recommended.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ceftriaxone plus once daily aminoglycoside with filgrastim for treatment of febrile neutropenia: early hospital discharge vs. Standard In-patient care.

BACKGROUND: In febrile neutropenic patients, ceftriaxone plus an aminoglycoside is effective for the treatment of infection, while filgrastim reduces the extent and duration of neutropenia. Because the once daily dosing regimen of this combination permits ambulatory treatment, there is a need to test criteria for early hospital discharge. METHODS: Hospitalized adult patients with febrile neutropenia (following chemotherapy) considered to be potentially treatable on a follow-up out-patient basis were entered into this open-label, multinational study. Patients received a once daily combination of ceftriaxone for > or =5 days, aminoglycoside for > or =2 days, and filgrastim until the absolute neutrophil count was > or =1.0x10(9)/l for 2 days. Those initially responding to therapy (reduction of fever by > or =1 degrees C within 72 h, and clinical improvement) were randomized into standard in-patient or follow-up out-patient treatment groups, the latter patients being discharged from hospital early, after meeting defined criteria. RESULTS: 105 patients were enrolled, of whom 21 initial non-responders were not randomized. Efficacy was evaluable in 80 patients. Success (resolution of fever and symptoms, maintained for 7 days after cessation of therapy, and eradication of infecting pathogens) was similar among in-patients (40/42, 95%) and out-patients (34/38, 89%). The duration of hospitalization was shorter for out-patients than in-patients (median of 4 vs. 6 days, respectively). No hospital readmissions were necessary in out-patients. All other efficacy parameters assessed were comparable in both groups, as was tolerability/safety. One potentially drug-related death was reported. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who satisfy prospectively defined criteria for early discharge can be treated safely on an out-patient basis with a regimen of once daily ceftriaxone plus an aminoglycoside with filgrastim. In addition to reducing healthcare costs, it may improve patients' quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Filgrastim (r-metHuG-CSF) in the 21st century: SD/01.

SD/01, a sustained-duration molecule, has been developed by adding a poly [ethylene glycol] molecule to the filgrastim molecule. The pegylation does not change the properties of filgrastim, except that the plasma clearance is decreased and plasma half-life is increased. Increasing the duration of the biological effects of filgrastim may offer certain groups of patients better benefits. Early clinical studies have been encouraging with no serious toxicities noted.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Phase I trial of high-dose mitoxantrone plus cyclophosphamide and filgrastim in patients with advanced breast carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of mitoxantrone that could be safely used in combination with cyclophosphamide and filgrastim in patients with advanced breast carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with metastatic (n = 24) or locally advanced (n = 3) breast carcinoma received escalating doses of mitoxantrone (16, 20, 24, 28, or 32 mg/m2) plus cyclophosphamide at one of three dose levels: group 1, 1,200 mg/m2; group 2, 2,400 mg/m2; and group 3,600 mg/m2. All patients also received filgrastim 5 micrograms/kg administered subcutaneously beginning on day 2 and continuing until the post-nadir absolute neutrophil count (ANC) was > or = 10,000/microL. Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks if the ANC was > or = 2,000/microL and platelet count > or = 90,000/microL for a maximum of six cycles. Dose escalation occurred within each group if zero of three or one of four patients had dose-limiting toxicity during the first cycle. RESULTS: The MTD of mitoxantrone was 24 mg/m2 in group 1, less than 16 mg/m2 in group 2, and 28 mg/m2 in group 3. Neutropenia was dose-limiting, and cumulative neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred with continued therapy. Nonhematologic toxicity consisted predominantly of nausea, vomiting, alopecia, and fatigue. Three patients (11%) had a > or = 10% decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), one patient (4%) had a decrease in the LVEF below normal, and none developed clinical congestive heart failure. Of patients with stage IV breast carcinoma who had not received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease, objective responses occurred in nine of 20 (45%), and the median response duration was 5 months. CONCLUSION: In combination with 600 mg/m2 of cyclophosphamide and filgrastim, the MTD of mitoxantrone is 28 mg/m2, a dose that is approximately twofold to 2.8-fold higher than the conventional dose used without a hematopoietic growth factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of KRN8602 alone and with filgrastim in patients with advanced cancer.

PURPOSE: To determine the recommended dose, toxicity profile, and pharmacokinetics of KRN8602 (MX2-hydrochloride), a novel morpholino anthracycline with potent cytotoxicity against anthracycline-sensitive and resistant experimental tumors in vitro and in vivo. PATIENTS AND METHODS: KRN8602 was administered alone in increasing doses to patients with advanced cancer or high-grade gliomas until dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed in three or more of five patients treated in a dose level. Because neutropenia was dose limiting, further escalation was investigated with filgrastim support. RESULTS: Fifty-six assessable patients completed at least one cycle of chemotherapy. The recommended dose of KRN8602 alone was 40 mg/m2. Dose escalation was limited by neutropenia. The recommended dose of KRN8602 with filgrastim was 70 mg/m2, and limiting toxicities were neutropenia, diarrhea, and vomiting. The most commonly experienced nonhematologic toxicity was nausea and vomiting. Alopecia and mucositis were infrequent and mild. Pharmacokinetic parameters showed substantial variation, although the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum concentration both increased with dose. There was no relationship between pharmacokinetic parameters and toxicity. CONCLUSION: KRN8602 at doses of 40 mg/m2 when administered alone and 70 mg/m2 when administered with filgrastim appeared to be manageable. The major DLTs were neutropenia and, at higher doses, diarrhea and vomiting. The efficacy of this drug is currently being tested in phase II studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Treatment of breast cancer with chemotherapy in combination with filgrastim: approaches to improving therapeutic outcome.

Chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival in breast cancer, and its benefit is directly related to the percentage of the planned dose that is actually administered. In all current chemotherapeutic regimens, a substantial proportion of patients have reductions and/or delays in dosage due to side effects. In about half such cases, the delays or reductions are related to neutropenia. Overall, approximately 30% of patients have a reduction to less than 85% of the planned dosage. Women aged > or = 50 years are more likely to experience a reduction or delay in dose. Dose-intense regimens (excluding myeloablative high-dose chemotherapy) which increase the dose of chemotherapy or reduce the interval between cycles, or both, are a promising approach now under investigation. The human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor filgrastim reduces the incidence of neutropenia and facilitates adherence to full dose intensity in both standard and dose-intensified regimens. A model based on the first-cycle absolute neutrophil count nadir has been developed and validated to determine which patients should receive filgrastim. A cost benefit associated with the use of filgrastim in patients with breast cancer has been realised. This may lead to a re-evaluation of the current treatment guidelines.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2002

Filgrastim in patients with neutropenia: potential effects on quality of life.

Treatment- and disease-related neutropenia are associated with a number of negative clinical effects such as febrile neutropenia, documented infection, hospitalisation for infection-related morbidity, infection-related mortality, and decreased ability to administer the planned chemotherapy dose on schedule. Reductions or delays in dosage have the ability to jeopardise the effectiveness of treatment by lowering response rates. Not only are clinical outcomes adversely affected, but these complications can have a negative influence on patient quality of life. Filgrastim is a haematopoietic growth factor that primarily acts to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of neutrophil progenitor cells. Filgrastim is capable of reducing the incidence and severity of neutropenia and the complications that accompany it in patients with cancer or HIV infection. Although there are few data evaluating the effect of treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on quality of life, it is assumed that the benefits would be seen through both the reduction of treatment-related complications and the enhanced potential for long-term disease control. A new, longer-acting form of filgrastim is now available that has the potential to simplify the management of neutropenia and further improve patient quality of life by decreasing the number of necessary injections. Additional prospective controlled trials that contain quality-of-life issues as endpoints are needed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2000

Fludarabine and cyclophosphamide with filgrastim support in patients with previously untreated indolent lymphoid malignancies.

To evaluate the response rate and potential toxicities, a phase II trial was conducted of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide with filgrastim support in patients with previously untreated low-grade and select intermediate-grade lymphoid malignancies. Symptomatic patients with preserved end organ function received cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) intravenous (iv) day 1 and fludarabine 20 mg/m(2) iv days1 through 5, followed by filgrastim 5 microg/kg subcutaneous starting approximately day 8. Treatment was repeated every 28 days until maximum response or a maximum of 6 cycles. Sixty patients, median age 53.5 years, were enrolled. Thirty-seven patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were stage IV and 6 were stage III. Eleven of 17 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were Rai intermediate risk and 6 were high risk. The overall complete response (CR) rate was 51% and the partial response (PR) rate was 41%. Of patients with CLL, 47% achieved a CR and the remaining 53% achieved a PR. Of patients with follicular lymphoma, 60% achieved CR and 32% achieved a PR. Although the toxicity of this regimen was mainly hematologic, significant nonhematologic toxicities, including infections, were seen. Twenty-four patients subsequently received an autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant. Engraftment was rapid, and there were no noticeable procedure toxicities in the immediate posttransplant period attributable to the fludarabine and cyclophosphamide regimen. Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and filgrastim make up a highly active and well-tolerated regimen in CLL and NHL.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Intensive-dose ifosfamide and etoposide with filgrastim for cytoreduction before peripheral blood stem cell collection in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antitumor activity and toxic effects of intensive-dose ifosfamide plus etoposide with filgrastim given as stem cell mobilization therapy before high-dose chemotherapy for recurrent or persistent ovarian cancer. METHODS: We studied 32 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who had a positive second-look laparatomy or recurrent disease. Ifosfamide was given at 10 g/m2 (total dose) by continuous infusion over 72 h; etoposide was given at 150 mg/m2 in 2-h infusions every 12 h during the same 72-h period; and filgrastim was given at 10 microg/kg/day subcutaneous injection from day 5 through completion of stem cell harvest. RESULTS: Nine (64%) of the 14 patients assessed responded to the treatment. The target stem cell dose was achieved with a median of 1 apheresis (range 1-5 aphereses). Nonhematologic toxicity was limited to grade 2 nephrotoxicity in one patient and grade 2 hepatic toxicity in three patients. CONCLUSIONS: In this patient group, intensive-dose ifosfamide plus etoposide with filgrastim was well tolerated and produced antitumor activity.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effects of molgramostim, filgrastim and lenograstim in the treatment of myelokathexis.

Myelokathexis is a very rare form of chronic hereditary neutropenia resulting from impaired neutrophil releasing mechanism in the bone marrow. The recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage (molgramostim) and granulocyte (filgrastim, lenograstim) colony stimulating factors release the mature granulocytes from the bone marrow. We describe a 43-year-old woman suffering from myelokathexis, with the absolute neutrophil count ranging between 0.03 and 1.35 x 10(9)/L. In the period before the introduction of cytokines, the patient had more than 80 major infectious episodes. Since 1991, infections in this patient have been treated with cytokines, given in conjunction with antibiotics. Initially, she received molgramostim in a daily dose of 5 microg/kg subcutaneously, which stimulated the release of granulocytes from her bone marrow, thereby allowing successful treatment of infection. After the development of hypersensitivity, molgramostim was substituted with filgrastim. Finally, lenograstim was given a trial. With all three cytokines, the patient's neutrophil count always attained normal values already 4 hours after subcutaneous application of the drug in a dose of 5 microg/kg, the highest neutrophil levels were measured at 24 hours post-injection, and the neutrophil count was again close to the baseline value 72 hours after the treatment. A slight neutropenia was present 48 hours after the application of filgrastim. We believe that all three cytokines are equally effective in increasing the neutrophil count in venous blood of patients with myelokathexis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2000

[Filgrastim therapy in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia].

AIM: To specify effects of the granulocytic colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were treated in the Hematological Clinic of the Higher Medical Institute in Plovdiv in 1996-1998. All of them received a standard induction therapy with cytosin arabinoside + daunorubicin (7 + 3 days). During the first neutropenic phase (neutrophils < 0.5 x 10(9)/l) G-CSF filgrastim was applied (5 microg/kg/day, s.c.) until a recovery of the neutrophil count reached > 1.0 x 10(9)/l and was maintained for 3 successive days. The control group consisting of patients matched by age, gender, an AML cytomorphologic variant was given the same therapy but filgrastim. RESULTS: The study group showed quicker recovery of the neutrophil count (12.6 vs 16.8 days), reduced febrile period (9.8 vs 12.4 days) and shorter duration of parenteral antibiotic treatment (9.8 vs 12.4 days) compared to controls. No statistically significant difference between both groups was found in the duration of the antimycotic treatment (p > 0.05). No cytological signs of aggravation of basic disease were absent in patients who received filgrastim. CONCLUSION: Administration of G-CSF in AML is useful as it promotes rapid overcoming of neutropenia and its complications.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life of patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis: effects of filgrastim treatment.

In this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, we investigated the influence of filgrastim administration on the quality of life (QOL) of refractory chronic sinusitis patients who did not respond to regular treatments. QOL was considered to be an important outcome measurement because apart from classic sinusitis parameters, it measures the overall burden of the symptomatology of chronic sinusitis patients caused by general malaise, tiredness, and social impediments. The QOL of 56 patients was assessed five times during the 24-week trial with the EuroQol, the Short Form (SF)-36, and the McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ). The QOL scores were all well below population norm scores and scores in a group of patients with chronic sinusitis who had sinus surgery. QOL scores of the filgrastim group suggested a better QOL than the placebo group, although none of the differences were statistically significant. There were indications that it might be possible to determine a subpopulation in which the results are better. Although the QOL measurements were not able to show a significant treatment effect of filgrastim in this group of patients with refractory chronic sinusitis, these measurements are important in studying chronic sinusitis because they enable the comparison of the burden of illness of patients with chronic sinusitis with other patient groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Filgrastim for the treatment of leukemia relapse after bone marrow transplantation.

The absence of an effective therapy for most patients with leukemia who relapse after allogeneic BMT has generated interest in new strategies. We present our experience on the use of filgrastim 5 micrograms/kg/day s.c., in four patients with leukemia (three with AML and one with CLL) who relapsed after allogeneic transplantation. One patient with AML achieved CR after 55 days of treatment. No response was observed in the remaining three. The patient who responded developed extensive chronic GVHD but relapsed 10 months later. In one of the unresponsive patients a dramatic increase in bone marrow infiltration and WBC count followed administration of filgrastim. We conclude that filgrastim can occasionally induce CR in leukemic patients who relapse after BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Collection of peripheral blood stem cells following administration of paclitaxel, cyclophosphamide, and filgrastim in patients with breast and ovarian cancer.

PURPOSE: To determine the toxicities and efficacy of paclitaxel, cyclophosphamide (Cy), and recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (filgrastim) administered for mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in patients with breast and ovarian cancer. METHODS: One hundred and forty-one patients with breast (n = 115) or ovarian cancer (n = 26) received paclitaxel 170 mg/m2 and Cy 2 gm/m2 (n = 42) or paclitaxel 200 mg/m2, Cy 3 gm/m2 (n = 99), and filgrastim (6 micrograms/kg/day) followed by collection of PBSC by apheresis. RESULTS: The 2 dose levels of paclitaxel and Cy tested were well tolerated. The median yield of CD34+ cells from all patients was 6.53 x 10(6)/kg (range, 0.11-51.76) collected with a median of 2 aphereses (range, 1-8). The target dose of 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg was achieved in 85% of patients. The mean daily collection of CD34+ cells was 5.46 x 10(6)/kg for patients receiving 200 mg/m2 of paclitaxel and 3 gm/m2 of Cy as compared to 2.77 for patients receiving the lower doses (p = 0.0005). Increasing the dose of paclitaxel and Cy did not significantly increase the fraction of patients achieving a target dose of 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (87% vs 81%, p = 0.367) but did increase the fraction achieving a target of 5.0 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (73% vs 45%, p = 0.002). The mean daily collection of CD34+ cells for patients who had received only 1 prior chemotherapy regimen was 6.59 x 10(6)/kg as compared to 3.47 for patients who had received more than 1 prior chemotherapy regimen (p < 0.0001). Prior radiation therapy (p = 0.003) and patient performance status (p = 0.047) were adverse risk factors for achieving a target dose of > or = 2.5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of paclitaxel, Cy, and filgrastim can be administered with acceptable toxicity, allowing collection of adequate quantities of PBSC from the majority of patients with breast and ovarian cancer. Increasing the doses of paclitaxel and Cy increased the number of CD34+ cells collected and decreased the number of apheresis procedures necessary to collect target cell doses. However, increasing drug doses did not increase the fraction of patients yielding the minimum CD34+ target dose of 2.5 x 10(6)/kg. Collection of PBSC early in the disease course is the best strategy to assure optimal CD34+ cell doses in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A dose-seeking trial of edatrexate in combination with vinblastine, adriamycin, cisplatin, and filgrastim (EVAC/G-CSF) in patients with advanced malignancies: promising antineoplastic activity against non-small cell lung carcinomas.

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose, toxicities, and potential antitumor activity of edatrexate (E), an antifolate agent with enhanced in vitro antitumor activity as compared with methotrexate (M), when given in combination with vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and filgrastim (G-CSF) to patients with advanced malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with advanced malignancies were treated with escalating doses of edatrexate in combination with vinblastine (V), doxorubicin (A), cisplatin (C), and filgrastim (EVAC/G-CSF) following three different subsequently developed schedules. Schedule 1 was patterned after the MVAC regimen, a combination chemotherapy program with activity against different epithelial malignancies, and consisted of E, 40 mg/m2/day, days 1/15/22; V, 3 mg/m2/day, days 2/15/22; A, 30 mg/m2/ day, day 2; C, 70 mg/m2/day, day 2; repeated every 28 days. Schedules 2 and 3 were designed to avoid observed dose-limiting toxicity on schedule 1 consisting of transient elevation of serum creatinine levels and delayed myelosuppression. Schedule 2 consisted of E, 40 or 60 mg/ m2/day, days 1 and 15; V, 3 mg/m2/day, days 2 and 15; A, 30 mg/m2/day, day 2; C, 30 mg/m2/day, days 1 and 2; cycled every 28 days. Schedule 3 consisted of E, 60 to 120 mg/m2/day, day 1; V, 3 mg/m2/day, day 2; A, 30 mg/m2/day, day 2; C, 30 mg/m2/day, days 1 and 2; cycled every 21 days. Filgrastim 5 micrograms/kg/day was given to all patients subcutaneously until the absolute neutrophil count was greater than 10,000/microL postnadir. Three patients were treated on schedule 1, 10 on schedule 2 (four at an E dose of 40 mg/m2/day and six at an E dose of 60 mg/m2/day), and 24 on schedule 3 (six at each of the following E dosages: 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/m2/day). RESULTS: Dose-limiting toxicities of grade 3 to 4 leukopenia and transient elevation of serum creatinine values were observed in two of three patients treated on schedule 1. A dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 to 4 leukopenia was noted in two of six patients treated on schedule 2 at an edatrexate dose of 60 mg/m2/day. Two of six patients treated on schedule 3 at an edatrexate dose of 120 mg/m2/day had a dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 stomatitis (one patient) and grade 3 cytopenia (one patient). Nineteen of 37 patients with evaluable or measurable disease had a response to treatment (response rate 51%, 95% confidence intervals = 35%-67%). Nine of 15 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer responded, including one complete remission (response rate 60%, confidence intervals = 35%-85%). A median survival of 517 days (confidence interval = 163-808 days) and a 1-year survival rate of 60% (confidence interval = 35%-85%) was seen in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The maximum tolerated dose and the recommended phase II dose of edatrexate is 100 mg/m2/day when administered as part of the EVAC/G-CSF program following schedule 3. Promising antineoplastic activity against non-small cell lung carcinomas was observed, and a phase II study is planned.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Administration of filgrastim in two patients with drug-induced agranulocytosis.

Two patients experienced agranulocytosis associated with either procainamide or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Both were treated with filgrastim in an attempt to decrease the duration of agranulocytosis. The first patient received 12 days and the second patient 4 days of filgrastim before white blood cell counts recovered. Published reports both support and refute the efficacy of filgrastim in this setting. The agent may be beneficial in certain cases of this disorder, but further investigation is necessary to determine if it has a definitive role.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Topics in clinical pharmacology: filgrastim, a myeloid colony stimulating factor.

Filgrastim (granulocyte colony stimulating factor) recently became commercially available for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Studies have shown that filgrastim induces a dose-dependent granulocytosis in humans, thereby shortening the period of neutropenia in patients treated conventionally with submarrow ablative doses of chemotherapy, as well as with marrow ablative therapy given in the bone marrow transplant setting. By reducing the incidence and severity of infections and mucositis in patients treated with chemotherapy, it has a significant economic impact since it shortens the duration of antibiotic administration and hospitalization. Adverse reactions reported are limited to mild to moderate bone pain. Several other potential applications are being investigated for filgrastim, including treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and congenital neutropenia.

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor↗
PubMed2000

[Therapeutic Effects on Chemotherapy-Induced Granulocytopenia in Hematologic Malignacies, a Comparison Between Lishengsu and Filgrastim]

A multi-center, open controlled study was performed to observe the effects of Lishengsu, a rhG-CSF preparation manufactured by Beijing Shuanglu Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. on chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia in patients with hematological malignancies. The results showed the total response rates were similar between Lishengsu- and Filgrastim-treated groups (98.8% vs 100%), recovery of peripheral ANC and WBC was also similar between the two groups, with the peaks appeared both at the 12th day after rhG-CSF treatment. No differences were observed in the duration for ANC to recover to normal level between Lishengsu- and Filgrastim-treated groups (7 and 8 days respectively). Our results indicated Lishengsu is as effective as Filgrastim in accelerating the recovery of chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia.

Journal Article↗