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PubMed1996

Pressor effects elicited by stimulation within the medullary raphe nuclei of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).

The medullary raphe nuclei are involved in central autonomic regulation. In all species investigated, electrical stimulation of the raphe nuclei causes cardiovascular responses, although these changes vary between species. The present study was designed to investigate the participation of these nuclei in cardiovascular regulation in the hamster. We studied the effect on arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of electrical stimulation (isolated cathodal square wave pulses for 10 sec at 100 Hz, 40-100 microA and 1-msec pulse duration) within the medullary raphe nuclei in urethane-anesthetized (1.2 g/kg, iv, after ether induction) golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus, 130 to 150 g, either sex). Electrical stimulation of the same sites was performed on a group of paralyzed (Flaxedil, 1 mg/kg, iv) and artificially ventilated animals. Stimulation sites were histologically defined and maps of the stimuli were obtained for the effect of electrical stimulation on arterial blood pressure. In another series of experiments L-glutamate (0.18 M) was microinjected (75 to 150 nl) into the nucleus raphe obscurus. Electrical stimulation of the raphe nuclei produced predominantly pressor responses (delta = +12 to +100 mmHg; 49.3% of the stimulated sites). Hypotension (delta = -5 to -20 mmHg; 14.6% of the stimulated sites) and no change in BP (35.3%) were evoked from fewer stimulation sites. Pressor responses were also predominant in paralyzed animals (delta = +15 to +95 mmHg; 62.5% of the stimulated sites), and after microinjection of L-glutamate into the raphe obscurus (delta = +35 to +135 mmHg). The present results demonstrate that in the hamster the stimulation of these nuclei evokes mainly pressor responses. These responses are similar to those obtained in the rat and guinea pig but opposite to those observed in the cat and rabbit.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

[Activity of propriospinal neurons in cats during the scratch reflex].

In the thalamic cats immobilized with flaxedil, the tactile stimulation of the pinna evoked fictitious scratching, i.e. rhythmical activity of the hindlimb motoneurons with a pattern of discharge typical of the actual scratching. Activity of propriospinal neurons from the segments C1--C2 and Th4--Th7 was recorded during such scratching. The neurons were identified by the antidromic response to L1 stimulation. Most neurons did not respond to the pinna stimulation, but some neurons did. They were tonically active during fictitious scratching. The neurons from cervical segments responded also to some other peripheral stimuli, but neurons from thoracic segments did not. Their activity could be inhibited by stimulation of the contralateral pinna. A role of propriospinal neurons in the activation of the spinal mechanisms of scratching is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

[Effect of amygdaloid stimulation on receptive field of "on" LGB neurons in rabbit].

With the aim of study of the effect of stimulating amygdaloid body (basal) on the responsive characteristics of the receptive field (RF) of on-response LGB neurons, electrophysiological experiments were performed on 37 New Zealand rabbits anaethetized with urethane and immobilized by flaxedil. Of the 117 recorded neurons, 47 showed changes in inresponse to light stimulation (facilitation or inhibition) and/or changes in RF configuration, although stimulation of amygdaloid body alone resulted in no visible change of the neuronal activities. The above results suggested that amygdaloid may modulate ascending visual information proccessing at thalami level by changing various combinations of the response characteristics of the on-response LGB neurons.

Amygdala↗

PubMed1997

Pressor effects elicited by stimulation within the medullary raphe nuclei of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus).

The medullary raphe nuclei are involved in central autonomic regulation. In all species investigated, electrical stimulation of the raphe nuclei causes cardiovascular responses, although, these changes vary between species. The present study was designed to investigate the participation of these nuclei in cardiovascular regulation in the guinea pig. We studied the effects on arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of electrical stimulation (isolated cathodal square wave pulses for 10 s at 100 Hz, 40-100 microA and 1-ms pulse duration) within the medullary raphe nuclei in urethane-anesthetized (1.2 g/kg, i.p.) guinea pigs (400-600 g, either sex). Electrical stimulation of the same sites was performed on a group of paralyzed (Flaxedil, 1 mg/kg, i.v.) and artificially ventilated animals. Stimulation sites were histologically defined and maps of the stimuli were obtained for the effect of electrical stimulation on arterial blood pressure. In another series of experiments L-glutamate (0.2 M) was microinjected (75 to 150 nl) into the nucleus raphe obscurus. Electrical stimulation of the raphe nuclei produced predominantly pressor responses (delta = +15 to +100 mmHg; 43% of the stimulated sites). Hypotension (delta = -10 to -25 mmHg, 24% of the stimulated sites), biphasic responses (2%) or no change in BP (31%) were evoked from fewer stimulation sites. Pressor responses were also predominant in paralyzed animals (delta = +15 to +95 mmHg; 47% of the stimulated sites), and after microinjection of L-glutamate into the raphe obscurus (A = +20 to +45 mmHg). The present results demonstrate that in the guinea pig the stimulation of these nuclei evokes mainly pressor responses. These responses are similar to those obtained in the rat and hamster but opposite to those observed in the cat and rabbit.

Animals↗

PubMed1950