Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ERYSIPELAS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Erysipelas and cellulitis: clinical and microbiological spectrum in an Italian tertiary care hospital.

Patients hospitalized in the authors' institution for erysipelas or cellulitis between January 1995 and December 2002 were included in this retrospective review. Two hundred cases of soft tissue infections were hospitalized during the study period. The mean age of the patients was 58 years. The most commonly involved site was the leg (66%), followed by the arm (24%) and face (6%). Most patients (71%) had a recognized risk factor for soft tissue infection. Fever was present in 71% of cases, with a mean duration of 3 days. Blood cultures were positive in 3 out of 141 (2%) cases, whereas cutaneous swabs were positive in 73 out of 92 (79%) cases. On admission, white blood cells counts (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were elevated above normal levels in 100 out of 191 (50%) cases, 151 out of 176 (85%) cases, and 150 out of 154 (97%) cases, respectively. Patients with a hospital stay of more than 10 days had significantly higher CRP and ESR values than patients hospitalized for 10 days or less (P<0.01). A single antibiotic was used as treatment in 115 cases, whereas in the remaining 85 cases a combination of two antibiotics was administered. The most commonly used antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic acid as single agent and penicillin with clindamycin as combination therapy. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7 days for patients treated with a single antibiotic and 11 days for patients treated with an antibiotic combination. A recurrence of infection occurred in 34 (17%) patients. Soft tissue infections are common and have a high degree of morbidity and require prolonged hospitalization and antibiotic treatment. Microbiological diagnosis is difficult and treatment is based on empiric evidence. ESR and CPR levels on admission may predict the severity of the disease and duration of hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of oral vaccination against swine erysipelas in growing-finishing pigs in a clinically infected Slovakian pig herd.

In a large Slovakian growing-finishing pig production unit, the effects of oral vaccination against swine erysipelas (SE) were investigated in three groups of pigs of 10 weeks of age. In group 1, the pigs were vaccinated intramuscularly at 1 and 3 weeks after arrival in the growing-finishing barn using an Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bacterin. Group 2 pigs were vaccinated at the same time as group 1 using an oral avirulent live SE vaccine administered through drinking water; the pigs in the third group were placebo treated. Clinical signs of acute SE, arthritic changes, average daily weight gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio, and mortality were evaluated. None of the pigs in groups 1 and 2 but 31.7% of the control animals (group 3) showed typical clinical signs of acute SE. More (P<0.01) non-vaccinated pigs had chronic arthritic changes compared with groups 1 and 2. No significant differences in mortality were recorded between the groups. Groups 1 and 2 had higher (P<0.05) ADG and lower feed conversion ratios compared with group 3 pigs. The results demonstrated that the oral avirulent live culture was efficacious in significantly reducing the clinical symptoms caused by E. rhusiopathiae infection, so enhancing the pigs' performance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from pigs with swine erysipelas in Japan, 1988-1998.

The susceptibility to 21 antimicrobial agents of 214 strains of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from pigs affected with swine erysipelas in Japan between 1988 and 1998 was determined. Ampicillin, cloxacillin, benzylpenicillin, ceftiofur, tylosin, enrofloxacin and danofloxacin were the most active agents [minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs); < or = 0.025-0.78 microgram/ml], followed by cefazolin, virginiamycin, tiamulin, chloramphenicol, florphenicol and oxolinic acid (MICs; 0.1-25 micrograms/ml). Activity was poor or absent with kanamycin and sulfadimethoxine. Strains resistant to dihydrostreptomycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline and doxycycline were detected. The susceptibilities to dihydrostreptomycin and oxytetracycline tended to decrease. Investigation of the differences in antimicrobial susceptibility of the 214 strains according to their serotypes, sources, isolation years and regions, showed that the strains resistant to dihydrostreptomycin were most frequently found in the strains of serotype 1a and in strains from septicaemic cases. Strains resistant to oxytetracycline were detected in all serotypes and all sources, and most of the strains resistant to erythromycin were detected in the strains of serotype 2. The frequency of strains resistant to dihydrostreptomycin gradually increased from 1988 to 1996, but then decreased between 1997 and 1998. The frequency of strains resistant to oxytetracycline was remained more than 38% from 1988 to 1998. It was suggested that the strains resistant to dihydrostreptomycin and oxytetracycline were distributed over almost all districts of Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Case study: chronic erysipelas of the sow--a subclinical manifestation of reproductive problems.

Systemic infections with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae are usually associated with skin lesions, vegetative endocarditis and arthritis, but they can also cause reproductive symptoms such as abortion, increased stillbirths, and smaller litter size. In a large Hungarian breeding unit that had ceased to vaccinate the sows against erysipelas, an increased incidence of pre- and post-partal vulval discharge, increased weaning-to-oestrus intervals, decreased farrowing rates, and reductions in total number of pigets born and live-born litter size were reported. Anterior vaginal swabs were obtained from 64 sows shortly before parturition and they all yielded heavy growths of E. rhusiopathiae. A vaccination programme with a killed vaccine was reinstated and subsequently the incidence of vulval discharge and weaning-to-oestrus intervals were decreased and total born and live-born litter size were increased. In the absence of a control group definitive conclusions can not be made regarding the effect of vaccination against E. rhusiopathiae on sow fertility. However, it is not unreasonable to suggest that the aetiology of the reduced sow fertility in the present herd did involve E. rhusiopathiae and that appropriate vaccinations subsequently protected the sows from the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Helicobacter cinaedi-associated bacteraemia and erysipelas in an immunocompetent host: a diagnostic challenge.

Helicobacter cinaedi was initially recovered from homosexual men infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Later, it was also isolated from patients with chronic alcoholism, and anecdotally from non-immunocompromized men, women, and children. We describe a case of H. cinaedi-associated bacteraemia and erysipelas in a homosexual but immunocompetent male and the diagnostic problems in identifying the causative organism.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in patients with erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a skin infection caused by a group A streptococci, resulting in an erythematous lesion with cyanosis and vesicles or bullae leading to gangrene. The condition is prostrating and often accompanied with cerebral confusion. A table of diagnostic scores is given to differentiate initial symptoms and signs of NF from erysipelas (E). Assays of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis together with routine laboratory examinations were made in 12 patients with NF on admission to the hospital and they were compared with similar analyses of 5 patients with E. The NF and E patients showed increased levels of fibrinogen, factor V and factor VIII as well as positive ethanol gelation test, which hypercoagulability as did also decrease antithrombin III and increased levels of fibrinopeptide A. Slightly increased levels of fibrinogen degradation products were also noted. The Hageman factor was low in E compared to NF. In both conditions fibrin formation seems to be enhanced, most probably more extensively in NF. General signs of secondary fibrinolysis were less conspicuous. It is possible that the Hageman factor is activated to modulate the inflammatory response differently in E than in NE.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Anal colonization of group G beta-hemolytic streptococci in relapsing erysipelas of the lower extremity.

Four patients who had frequent relapses of erysipelas but no obvious portal of entry and no beta-hemolytic streptococci in specimens from conventional culture sites all had group G streptococci in cultures of specimens from the anal canal. It is suggested that anal colonization with group G streptococci, and possibly group A and other beta-hemolytic streptococci, may constitute a reservoir for streptococci in such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Erysipelas: clinical and bacteriologic spectrum and serological aspects.

The bacteriologic, serological, and clinical characteristics of 229 patients with erysipelas diagnosed during a 2-year period at a university hospital for infectious diseases in Sweden are presented. Beta-Hemolytic streptococci were detected in 34% of these patients. Group A was the dominant serogroup, but group G streptococci were found in about half as many cases. Bacteremia was present in 5%. A serological response with antistreptolysin O (ASO) and antideoxyribonuclease B (ADNase B) was seen primarily in patients harboring group A streptococci but also in those from whom no pathogen was isolated. ASO was also found in high titers in some patients with Group G streptococcal infection. The clinical course was usually benign, with few complications, but recurrences were common (occurring in 21% of the patients). No cases of streptococcal toxic shock were seen. Culture of skin biopsy specimens had low sensitivity; Beta-hemolytic were isolated from only two of 15 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Low specificity of the 125I-fibrinogen uptake test for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis in patients with erysipelas of the leg.

The 125I-fibrinogen test was evaluated as a diagnostic tool for deep vein thrombosis in patients with erysipelas. In the investigated group of 43 patients, several showed an increased uptake that could not be verified by subsequent phlebography. The false positive test may have been caused by the local inflammatory process. The 125I-fibrinogen test seems to be too unspecific to be used for diagnosing deep vein thrombosis in this patient group.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis.

The clinical course of necrotizing fasciitis in 8 patients is compared with observations on 22 other patients with erysipelas. In necrotizing fasciitis the early erythematous areas turn into a dusky blue colour with later vesiculation and formation of bullae. An important finding is a non-pitting oedema extending outside the erythematous patches. The disease often progresses and involves further skin areas proximal to the initial ones. Gangrene tends to follow in multiple sites after the 1st week of illness. Group A streptococci in conjunction with widespread thrombosis and vascular necrosis of the involved skin are two major factors in the pathogenesis of the gangrene. Early debridement and excision of necrotic tissue in combination with large doses of penicillin and cloxacillin are confirmed as mandatory to remove toxaemia and inhibit further necrosis of the skin. In 3 of the 8 patients with necrotizing fasciitis the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation complicated the course of the disease. A promising therapeutic result was seen in 2 further patients exhibiting alarming signs and symptoms of early necrotizing fasciitis; the combination of heparin, given intravenously in therapeutic doses guided by activated partial thromboplastin time studies, and of systemic antibiotics alleviated the symptoms, which vanished within 10 days of the start of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pre-septal cellulitis and facial erysipelas due to Moraxella species.

We describe a patient with an acute ulcerated pre-septal cellulitis with subsequent spread across the face, in whom conjunctival swabs demonstrated the presence of Moraxella species. Unusually, this organism was resistant to penicillin. Clinical improvement was only achieved when treatment with co-amoxiclav was commenced on the basis of the antibiotic sensitivities demonstrated by culture of this organism. Moraxella species are rare skin pathogens but may be underestimated as they usually respond to a wide range of antibiotics; they should be considered as a cause of facial cellulitis or erysipelas which responds poorly to conventional therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Erysipelas. Changing faces.

A retrospective study of 526 adult patients admitted to the Sheba Medical Center for treatment of erysipelas during the period 1972-1982 showed a steady increase in the number of cases admitted as well as a striking change in its classical pattern of distribution, with 86% of the lesions occurring in the lower extremities opposed to 5.9% in the face. Local trauma and superficial abrasions were identified as the major predisposing factors, whereas upper respiratory tract infection was almost negligible among the patients. Peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, and prolonged treatment with corticoids, immunosuppressants, or radiation were less frequently associated with the development of the disease. New trends were also observed for the age groups and seasonal distribution of the population studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Sweet syndrome associated with acute myelogenous leukemia. Atypical form simulating facial erysipelas.

A case of Sweet syndrome in a patient with an acute myelomonocytic leukemia is reported. It is an unusual case simulating a facial erysipela. This case illustrates the difficulty in differentiating infection from Sweet syndrome in an immunocompromised patient. The negative cultures, ineffective antibiotics, and histopathologic examination results allowed the onset of corticosteroid therapy. The phagocytic function of the neutrophils studied by chemoluminescence was normal in the patient. The physiopathology of Sweet syndrome is discussed, in particular the role of cytokines in the accumulation of granulocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Burden of illness of bacterial cellulitis and erysipelas of the leg in the Netherlands.

BACKGROUND: Information on the prevalence of bacterial cellulitis (BC) and erysipelas (ER) of the leg (BCERL) is sparse and dependent on the definitions used. There is no information available on the number of hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients with BCERL, and related treatment costs. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the burden of illness for BCERL in the Netherlands in 2001. METHODS: Data were obtained from different linked databases. Hospital information was obtained from the National Morbidity Registration (known in the Netherlands as the LMR), which includes all Dutch citizens, using ICD-9-CM codes. The number of patients not admitted to hospital was estimated using a subsample with data from general practitioners (GPs) (N = 50,000). These data were extrapolated using age/gender and disease-specific standardization. The subsample was used to assess the location of the infection. Reimbursement costs were available for all resources. RESULTS: In 2001, approximately 28,000 patients presented with either BC or ER of the leg. Of these patients, 2,200 were admitted to the hospital and 4-6% had two or more episodes of ER/BC in 2001. The average costs per hospitalization for BCERL were 5,346 euros, accumulating to more than 14 million euros in 2001. Although only 7% of all patients were hospitalized, 83% of the total treatment costs could be attributed to hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: BCERL are common and serious infections in the Netherlands. Hospitalization occurs in only one in 14 patients but contributes more than 80% of the total costs, which accumulate to 17 million euros a year.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of inoculation regimes for the experimental production of swine erysipelas arthritis. I. Clinical, pathological and bacteriological findings.

The arthritic form of swine erysipelas was induced in pigs by multiple intravenous inoculation of 2 strains of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. The strains differed significantly in their arthritogenicity but not in the number of cases of lameness induced. The use of 3 intravenous inoculations instead of 5 did not significantly affect the outcome. In a second trial, the more arthritogenic strain was injected in ten-fold dilutions from 5 x 10(9) to 5 x 10(4) organisms. Pigs receiving the lower doses showed high variability in their arthritic responses that precluded sensitive analysis of the dose effects on the number of arthritic and infected joints. However, slaughter weights showed a significant negative correlation with dose. Mean slaughter weights in treatment groups varied by 14.6 kg per pig, an average weight loss of 3 kg per pig for each ten-fold rise in dose of the highly virulent strain, and significantly correlated with the number of arthritic and infected joints. Culture of homogenised synovial membrane through selective horse meat-serum broth containing kanamycin, neomycin and vancomycin identified 66% and 59% more infected joints than primary blood agar culture of synovial fluid or synovial membrane homogenate, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Antibiotic resistance of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from pigs with chronic swine erysipelas.

The susceptibility of 258 isolates of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae from slaughtered pigs affected with chronic erysipelas in Japan to antimicrobial agents was determined. A total of 111 (43.0%) strains showed resistance to erythromycin, oleandomycin, oxytetracycline, or dihydrostreptomycin. Plasmids were not detected. This is the first report of resistance of E. rhusiopathiae to these antibiotics.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing a recombinant antigen for detection of protective antibody against swine erysipelas.

The specificities and sensitivities of five recombinant proteins of the surface protective antigen (SpaA) of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae were examined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the aim of developing a reliable serological test for the detection of protective antibody against E. rhusiopathiae. Fully mature protein and the N-terminal 416 amino acids (SpaA416) showed sufficient antigenicities, and further examination was done with SpaA416 because of its higher yield. The antibody titers of pigs experimentally immunized with commercial live vaccine and two types of inactivated vaccines clearly increased after immunization, and all pigs were completely protected against challenge with virulent strains. On the other hand, the antibody titers of nonimmunized control pigs remained very low until they were challenged, and all showed severe symptoms or subsequently died. Interference with the production of antibody against live vaccine by maternal antibody or porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus infection 1 week after vaccination was also clearly detected. Because the ELISA titer correlated well with the protection results, the specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were further evaluated with sera collected from pigs reared on 1 farm on which animals had acute septicemia, 2 farms on which the animals were infected or free from infection, and 10 farms on which the animals were vaccinated with live vaccine, among others. The ELISA titers clearly revealed the conditions of the herds. These results indicate that the SpaA416 ELISA is an effective method not only for evaluating pigs for the presence of protective antibody levels resulting from vaccination or maternal antibody but also for detecting antibody produced by natural infection. This test has important potential for the effective control of swine erysipelas.

Animals↗