Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ENDODONTICS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Bone level around endodontically treated teeth in periodontitis patients.

OBJECTIVES: This retrospective study compared the marginal bone level of teeth with root canal fillings with contra-lateral teeth without. METHODS: Of 286 consecutive patients (> or =35 years), referred to practice for periodontology in the Netherlands, 67 full sets of radiographs contained > or =1 endodontically treated tooth and its contra-lateral tooth without root canal treatment. Bone level at the mesial and distal of these teeth was scored from the CEJ. In multi-rooted teeth, the presence of interradicular radiolucency was assessed. The presence of posts, and periapical radiolucencies was assessed. Analysis for differences between treated teeth and contra-laterals was controlled for tooth surface, presence of a post and tooth type. RESULTS: The mean distance from the root filling to the apex was 2.6 mm. Periapical radiolucencies were found in 14%. The mean bone level was at 4.3 mm for endodontically treated teeth and at 3.7 mm for contra-laterals. Significantly more bone loss (0.6 mm) was found at the endodontically treated teeth. No difference was found between mesial and distal, teeth without and with posts and different tooth types. The presence of interradicular radiolucency was more frequent in endodontically treated teeth (OR 2.1, p(McNemar test)=0.039). CONCLUSION: In periodontitis patients, teeth with endodontic treatment had more bone loss as compared with untreated contralaterals.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Follow-up study of endodontic status in an adult Swedish population.

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the endodontic status of selected teeth in a population over time, in order to get a long-term perspective of endodontically treated teeth. A random sample of the adult Swedish population was selected in 1974 and offered a clinical and radiographic examination. Eleven years later 351 of the selected persons attended a follow-up examination (1985). In radiographs, covering the mandibular premolar and molar regions, the status of 1974 was directly compared, tooth by tooth, with the status of 1985. The results showed that a number of endodontically treated teeth with an apical periodontitis healed during the observation period. During the same period, approximately the same number of endodontically treated teeth presented with a new apical periodontitis. This finding suggested that cross-sectional studies could provide reliable information on the long-term success rate of endodontic treatment at the population level. The periapical lesions that persisted or developed during the observation period were strongly related to incomplete root canal obturation, which is in agreement with observations in follow-up studies from teaching and specialist clinics.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Endodontic status of mandibular premolars and molars in an adult Swedish population. A longitudinal study 1974-1985.

The purpose of the investigation was to study the incidence of endodontic treatment and the progression of periapical disease in an adult Swedish population. A random sample was selected in 1974 and offered a clinical and radiographic examination. In 1985, 345 of the original 1302 persons received a follow-up examination. The present study was based on information obtained from radiographs of the mandibular premolar and molar regions at the two examinations. The highest increase in people with endodontically treated teeth from 1974 to 1985 and the highest increase in people with periapical lesions were found in the youngest age-group, born between 1945 and 1954. New endodontic treatment, received between 1974 and 1985, was mostly found among those who already had endodontically treated teeth in 1974. New periapical lesions also appeared more often in persons with endodontic disorders in 1974.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Assessment of antibacterial activity of endodontic sealers by a direct contact test.

It is recognized that endodontic success depends on bacterial elimination from the root and root canal system. Antibacterial activity of endodontic sealers can improve the success rate of endodontic treatment, provided the physical properties are not compromised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of two endodontic sealers (AH26 and Endoflas) using a direct contact test (DCT) which was designed for this purpose. The DCT is based on measuring the effect of close contact between test bacteria and the tested material on the kinetics of bacterial outgrowth using a temperature controlled microplate spectrophotometer (THERMOmax). For comparison, the agar diffusion test (ADT) was performed for both materials. The results of the DCT showed that Endoflas was a significantly more potent bacterial growth inhibitor than AH26, whereas when assessed with the ADT, AH26 was capable of producing a larger inhibition zone than Endoflas. The DCT, by being quantitative and virtually independent of solubility and diffusion, was found more suitable to assay solid surfaces. The results demonstrated the added value of DCT in the study of the antimicrobial properties of endodontic sealers.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2005

Results after replantation of avulsed permanent teeth. I. Endodontic considerations.

Following avulsion and replantation, teeth are at risk for infection and infection related resorption (IRR). Severe discolorations of tooth crowns and cervical root fractures are common. This study presents data on endodontic related complications of avulsed teeth replanted following an extraoral endodontic treatment. Periodontal aspects will be discussed in the second part of the present publication. Twenty-eight permanent teeth in 24 patients aged seven to 17 years were replanted after avulsion. All teeth could be evaluated. In all teeth extraoral endodontic treatment by retrograde insertion of ceramic or titanium posts was performed. Mean observation period was 31.2 months (median: 24.1 months). Nine teeth healed with a functional periodontal ligament (PDL) (functional healing, FH), 19 teeth exhibited replacement resorption (RR), which was succeeded by IRR in three teeth after observation periods of more than 14 months. Diagnosis was set to tunneling resorption (one case) and to cervical resorption preceded by complete RR (two cases). No early IRR was observed. All six teeth rescued in physiologic conditions (cell culture medium of tooth rescue box) exhibited FH. Discolorations of tooth crowns or other complications (cervical root fractures, fractures of posts) were not observed. No differences in the healing results of immature and mature teeth were observed which is in contrast to previous studies. This finding is explained with the different endodontic treatment protocols. Extraoral endodontic treatment by retrograde insertion of posts prevents early IRR and minimizes the overall incidence of IRR. The method does not negatively influence periodontal healing. As there are further advantages (no discoloration, no root fractures, patient not involved, less radiographs, less time consumption, less costs) the method is recommended in isolated teeth before replantation. Especially immature teeth profit from the prevention of complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Replantation of mature teeth without endodontics in monkeys.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic response after replantation of mature, developed teeth without endodontic treatment in monkeys. To serve as experimental controls, the other replanted teeth received endodontic treatment. No significant differences were noted in the rate and quality of periodontal tissues healing between the endodontically and the nonendodontically treated teeth in monkeys sacrificed at 5, 7, and 14 days, and at 1, 2, and 3 months after replantation. However, specimens obtained at 4, 6, 9, and 12 months showed that teeth replanted without endodontics developed periapical complications, whereas endodontically treated teeth did not.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

21st-century endodontics.

BACKGROUND: Endodontics as a discipline has offered patients the opportunity to maintain their natural teeth. As the population expands and ages, the demand for endodontic therapy can be expected to increase as patients seek dental options to keep their teeth for a lifetime. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: New materials, techniques and instruments are entering the market-place to assist dentists in providing patients with more predictable and reliable endodontic treatment. In addition, these new systems make the delivery of endodontic services more efficient. This article describes these advances in endodontic treatment for dentists interested in incorporating these advances into their clinical practice.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2005

Do procedural errors cause endodontic treatment failure?

BACKGROUND: This article reviews the effect of endodontic procedural errors, such as underfilling, overfilling, root perforations and separated instruments, on the outcome of endodontic therapy. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: Filling the root canal more than 2 millimeters from the radiographic apex (underfilling) or beyond the radiographic apex (overfilling), perforations of the root canal system and instrument separation are possible complications of endodontic therapy. Although these procedural errors may have different causes, they all may affect the outcome of treatment. RESULTS: Endodontic procedural errors are not the direct cause of treatment failure; rather, the presence of pathogens in the incompletely treated or untreated root canal system is the primary cause of periradicular pathosis. Procedural errors typically are due to several factors. Among them is a lack of understanding of the root canal anatomy, the principles of mechanical instrumentation and tissue wound healing. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Procedural errors impede endodontic therapy, thus increasing the risk of treatment failure, especially in teeth with necrotic pulps and periradicular lesions. However, procedural errors often are preventable.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2003

Cohort study of endodontic therapy success.

A retrospective cohort study was carried out aiming to assess the success rate of endodontic treatment of patients from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco, Brazil. The dental records of the sampling comprised all patients treated in 1998 and 1999. Trials were standardized and a pilot study was carried out to determine the feasibility of the proposed study. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to calculate the level of significance that was set at 5%. Logistic regression models were used to confirm significant effect of some variables on the endodontic outcome. The final sample size comprised 311 (75.9%) women and 99 (21.1%) men. The majority of cases (82.9%) were considered successful. Success was less frequent for patients with up to primary school education (55.6%) than for those with a higher degree of education (89.7%). The vital condition of the pulp showed a statistically significant relationship with the success of endodontic therapy (p < 0.05). These results suggest that it is possible to attain very high success rates for endodontic treatment when both the intraradicular andthe extraradicular causes of failure of endodontic treatment are well managed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

In vitro growth of human gingival fibroblasts on root surfaces of endodontically treated teeth.

Controversy exists over the potential for new connective tissue attachment to dentin of endodontically-obturated teeth following periodontal therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cultured human gingival fibroblasts would grow in vitro on planed dentin surfaces of endodontically-treated teeth. A model similar to that of Aleo et al. was developed using extracted endodontically-treated human teeth. This model consisted of longitudinally sectioning 10 teeth, root planing one section only, and incubating both sections with a suspension of human gingival fibroblasts. Fibroblast growth was determined by staining with neutral red and trypan blue. The criterion for growth was staining of the complete root surface. All root areas with attached periodontal fibers displayed staining, as well as the complete root surface of all planed sections. Unplaned sections did not stain on root areas formerly exposed to the oral environment owing to periodontal disease, a finding consistent with the results of Aleo et al. Our results indicate that root canal therapy does not interfere with in vitro growth of fibroblasts on planed dentin surfaces of endodontically-treated teeth. Extrapolation to a clinical situation would indicate that normal healing may be expected after periodontal surgery on tissues adjacent to root planed endodontically-treated teeth.

Cell Division↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fracture behavior of human mandibular incisors following endodontic treatment and porcelain veneer restoration.

PURPOSE: Because of existing controversy, the present study investigated the individual and combined effects of endodontic treatment and porcelain veneer restoration on the fracture behavior of human mandibular incisors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty extracted intact human mandibular incisors were assigned to four groups of ten with a similar range of labiolingual widths at the cementoenamel junctions. Group A consisted of intact teeth; group B consisted of endodontically treated teeth; group C teeth were restored with labial porcelain veneers; and those of group D were endodontically treated and had labial porcelain veneers. All teeth were subjected to a slow continuous loading test at 30 degrees to the long axis of the teeth and 1 mm below the incisal edge on the labial side. RESULTS: Fracture forces were 415 +/- 220 N, 370 +/- 89 N, 420 +/- 128 N, and 448 +/- 156 N for groups A, B, C, and D, respectively. Root fracture was the most common mode of failure. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of fracture forces and modes of failure. CONCLUSION: Human mandibular incisors with endodontic treatment and/or porcelain veneer restorations were able to withstand the same magnitude of oblique loading as intact teeth. Endodontic treatment and/or porcelain veneer restoration did not affect the mode of failure of mandibular incisors.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed2000

The role of the microscope in 21st century endodontics: visions of a new frontier.

In endodontics, the microscope is indispensable. Clinicians are discovering that every facet of endodontics is better, safer, and easier. Microscopic endodontics is a new technology that emphasizes visual information, rather than tactile information. The learning curve can be fairly steep, but it is one worth climbing. Future controlled studies should document an improvement of endodontic outcomes. This is becoming more true as dentistry becomes more extensive and expensive, and needs to last longer and longer. The days of "easy cases" are much fewer, even for the general practitioner. Lastly, there is a groundswell conversation, at least in the endodontic community, that the benefits of the microscope are beyond biology. Clinicians experience a greater sense of personal and professional fulfillment because they are not achieving what is "good enough," but aspiring to "what is possible."

Dental Fistula↗
PubMed2003

Diabetes mellitus as a modulating factor of endodontic infections.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with serious health consequences. The association between diabetes and periodontal disease is well documented. However, the progression and healing of endodontic infections in diabetic patients has not been adequately studied. In this review, diabetes mellitus is explored as a potential modulating factor of endodontic pathosis. Recent data on the relationship between the clinical presentation of pulpal and periradicular disease, as well as the outcome of endodontic treatment in diabetic and nondiabetic patients, are presented. Diabetics who present for endodontic treatment, particularly those with periradicular pathosis, may have increased perioperative symptoms. Cases with preoperative periradicular lesions are less likely to be determined successful two years or longer postoperatively if the patient reports a history of diabetes. Studies examining the pathogenesis of periradicular lesions in mouse models with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes suggest that the lesion size may be increased and the animals have increased serious sequelae. Preliminary findings suggest that some bacterial species may be more prevalent in necrotic pulp of diabetic than nondiabetic patients. More studies are needed to further explore the microbiology of endodontic infections and to determine effective treatment strategies in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Endodontic treatment during childhood and adolescence. A survey of 19-year-olds living in the city of Malmö, Sweden.

The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and reasons for endodontic treatment in a sample of 19-year-old adolescents living in the city of Malmö, Sweden. Dental records and available radiographs of all 19-year-olds (1,971) registered at the 20 Public Dental Service (PDS) clinics in Malmö were reviewed and data were collected on the following: endodontic treatment, number and type of teeth involved, and diagnosis leading to treatment. Endodontic treatment had been performed in 180 (9.1%) patients. The percentage of 19-year-olds at a PDS clinic who had undergone such treatment varied between 1.2% and 25.2%. One tooth had been treated endodontically in 138 (76.7%) of these patients. In three patients four teeth and in two patients five teeth had needed treatment. The molars were the teeth most frequently treated (46.5%), followed by the anteriors (39.5%), and the premolars (14.0%). The most commonly treated tooth was the maxillary central incisor and the most common diagnosis was caries (56.4%) followed by trauma (22.2%) and tooth developmental disturbances (1.6%). In conclusion, endodontic treatment seems to be fairly common among 19-year-olds in the city of Malmö. The great variation seen between the different PDS clinics most likely reflected variations in the socio-economic structure of the catchment areas of the clinics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Radiodensitometric measurements in cases of chronic periapical changes of endodontically treated teeth.

The purpose of the paper was radiodensitometric evaluation of hard tissues of roots and alveolar bone of endodontically treated teeth with clinically detected chronic periapical inflammatory changes. The material consisted of 139 digital intraoral radiograms of endodontically treated teeth with chronic periapical changes: 54 teeth with granulomatous inflammation, 62 with fibrous changes and 23 teeth with purulent lesions. There was discussed the value of digital radiography and radiodensitometric measurements in cases of periapical inflammations of endodontically treated teeth. It was concluded that radiodensitometric measurements allowed detailed examinations of inflammatory changes at the apices of endodontically treated teeth. Digital radiography is a valuable and objective tool in diagnosis of periapical changes, monitoring of the course of endodontic treatment as well as in follow-up after such treatment. At the same time it allows reduction of ionising radiation dose, thus decreasing diagnostic risks to a patient.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2004

Endodontic flare-ups: comparison of incidence between single and multiple visits procedures in patients attending a Nigerian teaching hospital.

The present study was performed to compare the incidence of endodontic flare ups in single with multiple visits treatment procedures, to establish the relationship between pre-operative and post obturation pain in patients attending for endodontic therapy in a Nigerian teaching Hospital. Patients were randomly assigned to either single visit or multiple visits group. Data collected at root canal treatment appointment and recall visits (1st, 7th and 30th day post obturation) include pulp vitality status, the presence or absence of pre-operative pain, presence and degree of post obturation pain. Presence of endodontic flare-ups (defined as either patient's report of pain not controlled with over the counter medication and or increasing swelling). The compiled data were analyzed using chi-square where applicable. P level < 0.05 was taken as significant. Ten endodontic flare-ups (8.1 %) were recorded in the multiple visits group compared to 19 (18,3%) flare-ups for the single visit group, P = 0.02. For both single and multiple visits procedures, there were statistically significant correlations between pre operative and post obturation pain (P = 0.002 and P = 0.0004 respectively). Teeth with vital pulps reported the lowest frequency of post obturation pain (48.8%), while those with non vital pulps were found to have the highest frequency oh post obturation pain (50,3%), P = 0.9. Although the present study reported higher incidences for post obturation pain and flare-ups following the single visit procedures, single visit endodontic therapy has been shown to be a safe and effective alternative to multiple visits treatment.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1990

Endodontic retreatment.

In recent years there has been an increasing interest in endodontic retreatment, dictated by a growing demand to preserve teeth, including those in which endodontic therapy had failed. When observed closely, endodontic retreatment is distinguished from routine endodontic treatment by several aspects, all of which are related to the decision whether, in specific cases, to perform retreatment, surgery or simply nothing. Understanding those aspects of retreatment is essential to its successful practice. No less important is the mastering of retreatment techniques. Because of the presence of coronal and radicular restorations as well as root canal obturation material in many candidate-teeth for retreatment, the planning of retreatment must take both obstacles into consideration. Awareness of each techniques advantages and disadvantages will lead to selection of the proper technique to be employed. The present article focuses on reviewing all those aspects of endodontic retreatment, highlighting those which may be the most important for the clinician's daily use in practice.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed1990

PH of endodontic medicaments used in pediatric dentistry: effects of dyadic combinations.

The optimum pH of an endodontic medicament is close as possible to that of body fluids, i.e., around 7.2 as higher and lower pH's are likely to cause cellular necrosis of tissues in direct contact with the medicament. This study investigated the pH of various endodontic medicaments commonly used in pediatric dentistry, both singly and in the various combinations available for clinical use. The results showed that the pH ranged from a low of 2.90 +/- 0.02 for iodoform paste (Kri) to a high of 12.45 +/- 0.02 for calcium hydroxide (Calyxl). Eugenol showed a pH of 4.34 +/- 0.05, formocresol 2.79 +/- 0.02, and a commercially-available antibiotic-corticosteroid paste (Ledermix) 8.13 +/- 0.01. Addition of up to 50 percent (v/v) of Ledermix or 25 percent Kri respectively did not affect the pH of Calyxl significantly. Although the addition of up to 75 percent Kri to Ledermix caused a fall in pH, the changes are probably not significant clinically. Furthermore, the addition of 50 percent eugenol to formocresol increased its pH significantly. The optimum pH of an endodontic medicament is as close as possible to that of body fluids, i.e., around 7.2. Higher and lower pH's are likely to cause cellular necrosis of tissues in direct contact with the medicament. However with the exception of calcium hydroxide there has been very little information available on the pH of endodontic medicaments commonly used in pediatric dentistry. Medicaments such as formocresol, eugenol and iodoform pastes have been extensively used for endodontic therapy yet very little attention has been given to their pH values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Calcium Hydroxide↗