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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Methylene blue dye versus combined dye-radioactive tracer technique for sentinel lymph node localisation in early breast cancer.

AIM: The study compared the accuracy and success rate of two techniques, methylene blue alone versus combined methylene blue and radioactive colloid in sentinel lymph node localisation in the management early breast cancer. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-nine patients with tumours less than 2 cm on ultrasound assessment were prospectively evaluated. One hundred and seventy-three patients (Group A) underwent sentinel lymph node localisation using 1 ml of 1% methylene blue. A combined technique of both methylene blue and radioactive colloid was used in 156 patients (Group B). Application of both was subdermal and subareolar. Sentinel lymph nodes were examined by standard microscopy. Patients underwent breast conservation surgery or mastectomy and sentinel node guided four node axillary sampling+/-clearance. RESULTS: In Group A, the sentinel lymph node identification rate was 96.5%. The negative predictive value was 96.3%, with false negative of 3.7% and accuracy of 87.4%. In group B the identification rate for sentinel lymph node was 98.7%, with false negative of 4.1%, negative predictive value of 96%, and accuracy of 83.8%. CONCLUSION: Sentinel lymph node localisation using methylene blue or combined dye and radioactive tracer technique predicts the axillary lymph node status in early breast cancer with comparable success rates, accuracy and false negative rates. The combined technique facilitates quicker identification of sentinel lymph node; however the dye technique alone can be used successfully in centres without nuclear medicine facilities.

Axilla↗
PubMed2002

Dimerization of merocyanine dyes. Structural and energetic characterization of dipolar dye aggregates and implications for nonlinear optical materials.

Aggregation of polar merocyanine dyes has been identified as an important problem in the fabrication of organic materials for photonic applications. In this work, a series of merocyanine dyes is synthesized, and their aggregation is investigated by a combination of several experimental techniques to reveal structure-property relationships. These studies provide clear evidence for the formation of centrosymmetric dimers for all investigated merocyanines in concentrated solution and in the solid state. The thermodynamics of dimerization in liquid solution is studied by concentration-dependent permittivity measurements, UV-vis spectroscopy, and electrooptical absorption experiments. A centrosymmetric dimer structure with antiparallel ordering of the dipole moments is observed in solution by 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as in the solid state by X-ray crystallography and interpreted in terms of dipolar and pi-pi interactions. The optical properties of the dimer aggregates are satisfactorily explained by an excitonic coupling model. The effect of an external electric field on the dimerization equilibrium is considered and quantitatively determined by electrooptical absorption measurements. Implications of the observed findings on the design of nonlinear optical and photorefractive materials are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Both the flashlamp-pumped dye laser and the long-pulsed tunable dye laser can improve results in port-wine stain therapy.

BACKGROUND: At present, laser therapy of port-wine stains (PWS) using the flashlamp-pumped dye laser (FPDL) at 450 micros is accepted as the optimal approach. A few years ago, a new long-pulsed tunable dye laser (LPTDL, 1.5 ms) was introduced for the treatment of leg veins. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the efficacy and side-effects of FPDL vs. LPTDL therapy of PWS. METHODS: Sixty-two patients with untreated PWS underwent test treatments with the FPDL (585 nm; 7-mm spot size; 5.75--7.0 J cm(-2) fluence) and LPTDL (585, 590, 595, 600 nm; 5-mm spot size; 11--20 J cm(-2) fluence). With the LPTDL, the epidermis was additionally cooled (Spray cooling device). The fading was evaluated clinically 6 weeks after the test treatments. RESULTS: Optimal fading was achieved by the LPTDL (> or = 585 nm) in 30 patients and by the FPDL in 12 patients. No difference was found in 20 patients. At 585 nm, the lasers worked equally well in 12 (FPDL) and 13 (LPTDL) patients, respectively. Results were independent of the localization of the PWS and of the patient's age. In spite of the longer pulse duration, the LPTDL treatment did not result in more side-effects as long as sufficient cooling was provided. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide evidence that wavelengths longer than 585 nm can increase the efficacy of treatment in some PWS. Owing to the reduced light absorption by haemoglobin at longer wavelengths and consequently increased depth of the vascular injury, larger vessels can be damaged more adequately using an increased fluence. The LPTDL at 585 nm seemed to be slightly superior to the FPDL, while accepting that due to technical reasons the laser parameters were not directly comparable. Availability of both lasers increases the therapeutic possibilities in PWS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Comparative study of aminolevulic acid photodynamic therapy plus pulsed dye laser versus pulsed dye laser alone in treatment of viral warts.

OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: A number of scientific publications describe the removal of viral warts using photoselective laser destruction with pulsed dye laser (PDL) or photodynamic therapy (PDT). Although both methods represent an enormous improvement in therapy, the results are not sufficiently consistent to consider these methods as the "gold standard" for therapy. METHODS: With a view to further improvement we combined a photoselective dye laser (595 nm, 20 J.cm(-2)) with photodynamic therapy using aminolevulic acid. The results of this method were compared against traditional laser photodestruction (of identical physical parameters) and against traditional photodynamic therapy (of similar parameters). RESULTS: After combined therapy (PDT + PDL) of 86 warts in 24 patients, 100% were cured, with an average of 1.96 therapeutic sessions. Therapy with PDT alone failed in 3 of 76 warts even after 5 sessions (96%), with an average of 2.54 therapeutic sessions. Therapy with PDL alone failed in 21 of 112 warts even after 5 sessions, with an average of 3.34 therapeutic sessions. CONCLUSIONS: All three therapeutic methods are able to cure infectious warts with high probability (>80%). However, a combination of PDT and PDL is the most effective and the most favored therapy. If other investigators also confirm results near or equal to 100% success, this therapy could become a treatment of choice for this indication.

Aminolevulinic Acid↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of the argon tunable dye laser with the flashlamp pulsed dye laser in treatment of facial telangiectasia.

BACKGROUND: A prospective, side-by-side comparison study of the argon tunable dye laser (ATDL) and the flashlamp pulsed dye laser (FPDL) for the treatment of solar-induced telangiectasia was carried out in 14 patients with symmetrical bilateral cheek telangiectasias. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare the efficacy of treatment by the two lasers. METHODS: Patients were treated and examined at weeks 2, 4, and 6. Evaluation was done by direct observation and questionnaire, as well as by photographic slides projected to an impartial panel. RESULTS: Final evaluation at week 6 showed 11 of 14 patients with excellent results at sites treated with the FPDL, compared with four of 14 with the ATDL. However, only six of 13 patients preferred the FPDL, due to the purpura and postinflammatory hyerpigmentation. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the objective final results favor the FPDL over the ATDL for treatment of facial telangiectasia, but that the ATDL is still an important option for patient acceptance.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

To dye or not to dye: a randomized, clinical trial of a triple dye/alcohol regime versus dry cord care.

OBJECTIVE: The use of antibacterial agents to clean and dry the stump of the newborn's umbilical cord after birth has recently been abandoned by many neonatal units in favor of dry cord care. The objective of this study was to compare cord bacterial colonization and morbidity among newborns whose cords were treated with triple dye and alcohol versus dry cord care. METHODOLOGY: We randomly allocated 766 newborns to either 2 applications of triple dye to the umbilical cord stump on the day of birth with alcohol swabbing twice daily until the cord fell off (n = 384) or dry care (n = 382). Dry care consisted of spot cleaning soiled skin in the periumbilical area with soap and water, wiping it with a dry cotton swab or cloth, and allowing the area to air dry. Umbilical stumps on all subjects were swabbed and cultured. Community health nurses visiting at 2 or 3 days after hospital discharge observed the stump for signs of infection. Follow-up phone calls were made to mothers within 3 weeks of discharge. RESULTS: One infant in the dry care group was diagnosed with omphalitis. The umbilical stump was colonized with alpha-hemolytic streptococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus. Infants in the dry care group were significantly more likely to be colonized with Escherichia coli (34.2% vs 22.1%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (69.5% vs 50.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (31.3% vs 2.8%), and group B streptococci (11.7% vs 6.0%). Community health nurses were significantly more likely to observe exudate (7.4% vs 0.3%) and foul odor (2.9% vs 0.7%) among infants allocated to the dry care group during the home visit. CONCLUSIONS: Omphalitis remains a clinical issue. Cessation of bacteriocidal care of the umbilical stump must be accompanied by vigilant attention to the signs and symptoms of omphalitis.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1998

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1997].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1997 till March in 1998 were 571 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 160.3 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No.4, occupying 39.8% in this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1991

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1990 based on official inspection figures].

The number of official inspections of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from april in 1990 till march in 1991 was 836 in total. The quantity passed amounted to 238 ton in Japan. The production of color for each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying 46.2% in this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed2005

A study of effects of acid activated saw dust on the removal of different dissolved tannery dyes (acid dye) from aqueous solutions.

The effectiveness of acid activated sawdust in absorbing D-Brown EGP and Lurazol Brown PM dyes from aqueous solutions was studied as a function of agitation time and initial dye concentration. The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm and found that adsorption process follows both the isotherms. The values of Langmuir and Freundlich constants indicate favorable and beneficial adsorption. Saw dust is an excellent low cost adsorbent of colored organic anions and may have significant potential as a color removal from tannery wastewater.

Acids↗
PubMed1993

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1992].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1992 till March in 1993 were 711 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 201 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying 40.7% during this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1995

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1994].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1994 till March in 1995 were 635 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 186 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No.4, occupying 40.7% in this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1996

[Plasma volume determination with ICG dye in changes of intravascular volume. Dye dilution method before and after autologous blood donation and after retransfusion in the human].

OBJECTIVE: The determination of the current intravascular plasma volume with the dye dilution method is of major interest in therapeutic intervention and scientific research. The use of the rapidly eliminated dye indocyanine green (ICG) allows to perform plasma volume measurements serially and to observe a time course. The following questions should be investigated in the present study: 1. Do the plasma volume (PV) values measured by the ICG method in this study agree with data of other authors with special respect to basic values for further clinical investigations, and 2. Do the measured differences coincide with the withdrawn and retransfused plasma volume? DESIGN: Prospective study (on each 20 healthy female and male volunteers). SETTING: Research laboratory of a university department of anesthesiology. PARTICIPANTS: Each 20 healthy female and male volunteers. INTERVENTIONS: Measurement of PV with ICG both before and after withdrawal of 10% of blood volume and after retransfusion. RESULTS: The plasma volume per body surface area (PV/BSA) was in the group of female volunteers 1639 +/- 198 and in male volunteers 1687 +/- 224 ml/m2 (mean +/- SD). The withdrawn amount of plasma volume (EPV) was 188 +/- 23 in the female group and 149 +/- 26 ml/m2 in the male group. Determined by the ICG method the difference for the withdrawal was in female volunteers 198 +/- 174 and in male volunteers 171 +/- 158 ml/m2 and for the retransfusion in the female group 190 +/- 169 and in the male group 142 +/- 154 ml/m2. CONCLUSIONS: The mean differences in plasma volume measured by the ICG method both before and after withdrawal and after retransfusion of autologous blood were in good agreement with the withdrawn amount of plasma volume. The large standard deviation has to be considered in clinical assessment of an individual measurement.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Official inspection estimated production of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1993-1994].

The number of official inspections of coal-tar dyes and their aluminum lakes from April 1993 till March 1994 were 734 in total, with the quantity which passed inspection amounting to 213 tons in Japan. Data for production by color for each month are summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying a 42.9% proportion of the total during this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1996

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1995].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1995 till March in 1996 were 580 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 166.4 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table 1, and by each producing company in Table 2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No.4, occupying 43.9% in this period.

Chemical Industry↗
PubMed1997

[Estimated production by the official inspection of coal-tar dyes (including dye aluminum lakes) in 1996].

The number of official inspection of coal-tar dyes and their lakes from April in 1996 till March in 1997 were 581 in total. The quantity which passed inspection amounted to 164.5 ton in Japan. The production of color in each month was summarised in Table1, and by each producing company in Table2. The food coal-tar dye produced in the largest quantity was Food Yellow No. 4, occupying 43.4% in this period.

Coal Tar↗
PubMed2006

Determination of the hyperpolarizability components of hemicyanine dyes by measuring the anisotropic fluorescence and second harmonic of the dyes uniformly aligned within zeolite channels.

A unidirectional ensemble of hemicyanine molecules was prepared by inserting the molecules into the vertical channels of a uniformly oriented zeolite (silicalite-1) film grown on a glass substrate. Fluorescence from this sample excited with light polarized along the vertical channel was 50 times larger than that excited with light polarized orthogonal to the vertical channel direction. These vertically aligned hemicyanine dyes were used to determine the ratio of the molecular hyperpolarizability components beta(zxx)/beta(zzz) of hemicyanine.

Carbocyanines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Air drying as a preparatory factor in cytology: investigation of its influence on dye uptake and dye binding.

The effect of air-drying on cytological material is investigated in this article. Smears of rat liver were fixed completely wet and, after air drying, postfixed in ethanol, methanol/formaldehyde/acetic acid (MFA), and formaldehyde. Staining was performed with the thionin-Feulgen procedure, a standard Romanowsky-Giemsa stain with azure B-eosin Y and a Papanicolaou staining variant. The image analysis system IBAS 2000 was applied to evaluate objective criteria of the changes caused by air drying the chromatin texture. Nuclear absorption was measured with a Vickers M 85a Microdensitometer. Air-drying had striking effects on size and shape of cell nuclei (spreading), on the structure of the nuclear chromatin (chromatin condensation), and on the chromaticity coordinates (hue, saturation, and intensity of nuclear staining). The variations of the chromatin texture and dye-substrate affinity are attributed to alterations of the tertiary structure of the nuclear proteins.

Absorption↗