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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

T-cell inducer populations in cutaneous inflammation: a predominance of T helper-inducer lymphocytes (THi) in the infiltrate of inflammatory dermatoses.

The mononuclear infiltrate found in a variety of inflammatory dermatoses was characterized by a predominance of T helper-inducer lymphocytes (THi), CD4+/CD45RA-/CD45RO+, a population of cells responsible for maintaining and promoting immune reactions. Only small numbers of T-suppressor-inducer lymphocytes (TSi), CD4+/CD45RA+/CD45RO-, cells responsible for inducing CD8 suppressor-effector cells to 'down regulate' immune reactions, were seen. The predominance of CD4+ THi lymphocytes was common to all dermatoses studied and suggests a common final pathway in chronic cutaneous inflammation, irrespective of initial causative factors.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1995

Down-regulation of Langerhans cell protein kinase C-beta isoenzyme expression in inflammatory and hyperplastic dermatoses.

The family of protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes plays a fundamental part in signal transduction, and thereby regulates important cellular functions, including growth, differentiation, cytokine production and adhesion molecule expression. In lesional psoriatic skin, Ca(2+)-dependent PKC activity, PKC-beta protein and epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) PKC-beta immunostaining are significantly decreased, indicating activation and subsequent down-regulation of PKC. Whether these changes occur in other inflammatory/hyperplastic dermatoses is, however, unknown. We examined PKC-alpha and PKC-beta expression in normal skin, psoriasis, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), lamellar ichthyosis, non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma, atopic dermatitis, urushiol-induced allergic contact dermatitis, and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)-induced irritant contact dermatitis. Cryostat sections were stained for PKC-alpha and PKC-beta, and the LC marker CD1a, using an immunoperoxidase technique and specific monoclonal antibodies. Double-labelling studies, in normal skin, revealed co-expression of PKC-beta and CD1a by epidermal LCs. Analysis of the number of PKC-beta+ and CD1a+ epidermal LCs, in diseased compared with normal skin, revealed three categories: (i) in psoriasis and CTCL, the PKC-beta+ epidermal LC number was significantly reduced, whereas the CD1a+ epidermal LC number was unchanged; (ii) in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, both PKC-beta+ and CD1a+ epidermal LCs were significantly reduced in number; and (iii) in atopic dermatitis, the PKC-beta+ epidermal LC number was normal, and CD1a+ epidermal LCs were significantly increased in number. Moreover, the ratio of epidermal LC PKC+/CD1a+ was reduced in all the dermatoses studied, suggesting activation of PKC-beta, with subsequent down-regulation. Within the dermis, increased PKC-beta staining of infiltrating cells was observed in all the conditions studied except lamellar ichthyosis and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma. These data indicate that: (i) down-regulation of LC PKC-beta occurs in a variety of inflammatory and hyperplastic skin disorders, and is not unique to psoriasis, and (ii) the pattern of epidermal LC PKC-beta and CD1a expression varies among the diseases studied. In mice, PKC activation induces LC migration. Thus, down-regulation of epidermal LC PKC-beta associated with reduced CD1a+ epidermal LCs in allergic and irritant contact dermatitis suggests that PKC-beta may transduce the signal for migration of LCs from human epidermis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

In-situ T lymphocyte identification in cutaneous tissue sections of benign and malignant dermatoses.

An indirect immunoperoxidase technique employing a specific anti-human T lymphocyte antiserum has been used to identify T lymphocytes in cutaneous tissue sections of various benign and malignant dermatoses. Skin biopsies from patients with histologically confirmed lichen planus, discoid lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease, keratoacanthoma, malignant melanoma, inflamed serborrhoeic warts, sarcoidosis, follicular lymphoma and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis were examined. T lymphocytes were found to be the predominant cell type in the cutaneous infiltrates of the majority of these dermatoses. However, only few T lymphocytes were identified in sarcoidosis where they tended to be restricted to the periphery of the epithelioid cell granulomas. Similarly, in the cutaneous infiltrates of follicular lymphoma and in a patient with multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, few T lymphocytes were identified.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2005

Bacteria and fungi on the surface and within noninflamed hair follicles of skin biopsy specimens from horses with healthy skin or inflammatory dermatoses.

A retrospective study using light microscopy was performed to assess the prevalence of surface and follicular bacteria and fungi in skin biopsy specimens from 247 horses with inflammatory dermatoses and from 27 horses with healthy skin. Cocci were found on the surface of specimens from 23% (95% confidence interval 18%, 29%) and 7% (95% confidence interval, 0%, 19%), respectively, of horses with skin disease and horses with healthy skin. Of the nine dermatoses with at least 10 cases in our series of horses, bacterial folliculitis had a higher prevalence of surface bacteria (57%; 95% confidence interval 34%, 81%) than the other eight (which all had a prevalence < 30%). There was a significant association between the prevalence of surface cocci and the extent of epidermal hyperkeratosis. Cocci were found in the keratin of noninflamed hair follicles in only 2% of the horses with skin disease, and in none of the horses with healthy skin. Fungal poroconidia were found on the surface of 4% of the horses with skin disease, and on none of the horses with healthy skin. Yeasts were not found.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Safety and efficacy of mometasone furoate cream in the treatment of steroid responsive dermatoses.

The safety and efficacy of once daily application of mometasone furoate cream 0.1% was determined by comparison with twice daily applications of betamethasone dipropionate cream 0.05% in a single blind, dual centre, randomized study in patients with a variety of steroid-responsive inflammatory dermatoses, the most common of which was psoriasis. Morning plasma cortisol levels revealed little adrenal suppression in either of the two study groups and there was no significant difference between the two groups. Routine laboratory investigations showed no trends in values outside the normal ranges that were of clinical significance. Less skin atrophy was seen in the group treated with mometasone furoate. In comparison to the betamethasone dipropionate treated group, those treated with mometasone furoate exhibited only slight evidence of skin atrophy, and this was not observed before four to twelve weeks of treatment. Eighteen percent of patients using mometasone reported adverse reactions but all were of limited duration and did not persist despite continued application of the drug. Nine percent of patients using betamethasone dipropionate reported adverse effects. Both drugs were found to be highly effective with no significant difference between the two groups at the termination of the treatment period. Of importance is the fact that whilst mometasone furoate is found to be a highly effective treatment for a variety of steroid-responsive dermatoses, this drug has only a limited potential for production of local and systemic side effects. Thus, a high margin of safety can be expected for patients using this drug.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Occupational dermatoses among foresters.

The incidence of occupational dermatoses among the forest workers of a timber company has been investigated. In the survey 73.69% of the occupational dermatoses observed were contact dermatitis, predominantly due to sawdust and sap. Insect bites, mycotic infections and staphylococcal and streptococcal infections were seen. The results of the survey and preventive measures are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Low humidity occupational dermatoses.

Two separate instances of dermatoses associated with low humidity in the working environment are reported. In such cases alternative explanations for the dermatoses are often considered and mistakenly adopted.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Occupational dermatoses in Singapore.

A study of occupational dermatoses is described. 97% of 389 cases were contact dermatitis, of which 66.3% were irritant and 33.7% allergic, in both male and female workers. Cutting oils, solvents and flux from the engineering and electronic industries were the commonest irritants, and chromate from cement in the construction industry was the commonest allergen. The other occupational allergens were rubber chemicals and epoxy resin. The construction industry was the largest source of occupational dermatoses cases seen; possible preventive measures are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

My approach to superficial inflammatory dermatoses.

Superficial inflammatory dermatoses are very common and comprise a wide, complex variety of clinical conditions. Accurate histological diagnosis, although it can sometimes be difficult to establish, is essential for clinical management. Knowledge of the microanatomy of the skin is important to recognise the variable histological patterns of inflammatory skin diseases. This article reviews the non-vesiculobullous/pustular inflammatory superficial dermatoses based on the compartmental microanatomy of the skin.

Dermatitis↗
PubMed1992

Penile dermatoses: a clinical and histopathological study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the spectrum of genital dermatological conditions affecting men and compare the clinical and histopathological diagnoses. DESIGN: Prospective study over a one year period. SETTING: A central London teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Seventy one patients with unresponsive penile dermatoses attending a specific internal referral clinic within the department of genitourinary medicine and 36 patients undergoing penile biopsy following attendance at other departments within the same hospital. METHODS: Full dermatological assessment of patients attending the specific clinic. Standard histopathological methods were used in the diagnosis of biopsy specimens. OUTCOME MEASURED: Clinico-pathological diagnosis of cutaneous penile abnormalities. RESULTS: Description of the range and relative frequency of penile dermatological conditions. The most common histopathological diagnosis was of non specific dermatitis. Twenty seven percent (16 of 61) of patients attending the specific clinic and 33% (12 of 36) of men attending other departments had conditions requiring long term follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The ranges of penile dermatoses presenting to the different departments were broadly similar. Penile biopsy was shown to be a safe and clinically informative procedure. In the genitourinary clinic setting, clinical diagnosis prior to biopsy was found frequently to be inaccurate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Human papillomavirus DNA in the urogenital tracts of men with gonorrhoea, penile warts or genital dermatoses.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in urethral and urine specimens from men with and without sexually transmitted diseases. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Two London departments of genitourinary medicine PATIENTS: 100 men with urethral gonorrhoea, 31 men with penile warts and 37 men with genital dermatoses. METHODS: Urethral and urine specimens were taken, HPV DNA extracted and then amplified using the polymerase chain reaction. HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33 were identified using Southern blotting followed by hybridisation. RESULTS: HPV DNA was detected in 18-31% of urethral swab specimens and in 0-14% of urine specimens. Men with penile warts had HPV detected in urethral swabs more often than did men in the other two clinical groups. "High risk" HPV types were found in 71-83% of swab specimens and in 73-80% of urine specimens containing HPV DNA. CONCLUSIONS: HPV is present in the urogenital tracts of men with gonorrhoea, penile warts and with genital dermatoses. In men with urethral gonorrhoea, detection of HPV in urethral specimens is not related to the number of sexual partners, condom usage, racial origin or past history of genital warts. HPV DNA in the urethral swab and urine specimens may represent different aspects of the epidemiology of HPV in the male genital tract. The preponderance of HPV types 16 and 18 in all three groups of men may be relevant to the concept of the "high risk male".

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Tissue culture of epidermal cells in some acantholytic dermatoses.

The explant culture of small skin specimens is a good model of in vivo epidermal growth. In this model epidermal cells are not dislodged and remain in vitro under the influences of the original mesenchyme, at least during early growth. Recently we attempted to grow epidermal cells from the skin lesions of some acantholytic dermatoses (Darier's disease [DD], Hailey-Hailey's disease [HHD], and pemphigus vulgaris [PV]) in explant culture, and we observed the behavior of outgrown epidermal cells for a relatively short time after explantation. The cell outgrowth from the skin of a patient with PV, which seemed to be apparently normal but showed positive Nikolsky's sign, formed a well organized flat sheet 48 to 96 hours after explantation, as seen in cultures of normal human adult skin. In contrast, the outgrown cells from the skin lesions of three patients with DD, as well as those from three patients with HHD, showed a characteristic disorganized outgrowth. They did not form the well-organized flat sheet, but showed a marked cell dissociation and conspicuously increased locomotive ability. These findings seems to clearly exhibit the processes of "acantholysis" in vitro and strongly suggest that the cells from these 2 latter dermatoses have a genetically determined insufficiency or defect in cell adhesion. From these results the authors conclude that the mechanism of cell dissociation in DD and HHD is fundamentally different from that in PV.

Acantholysis↗
PubMed1984

Diprolene cream in the treatment of severe or resistant corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses.

In a 2-week open study Diprolene Cream was administered to fifty patients with severe or resistant psoriasis, atopic dermatitis or other corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Patients applied 3.5 grams of medication twice daily. Efficacy and safety of this preparation were evaluated in forty-seven and fifty patients, respectively. By the third treatment day, therapeutic response was observed in forty-three of forty-seven (91%) evaluable patients. By treatment Day 14, an 83% decrease in the mean total severity score of signs and symptoms was observed in twenty-two psoriatic patients. Similarly, a 91% reduction in the mean total severity score of signs and symptoms was observed in the twenty-five patients with other severe or resistant corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Transient burning was reported by twenty-five patients, one of whom also developed laminar scaling. Therapy was not discontinued in any of these patients, and none required treatment. Morning plasma cortisol levels remained within normal limits during and after therapy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of severe or resistant corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses with Diprolene cream.

In an open study Diprolene Cream was administered to fifty patients with severe or resistant psoriasis, atopic dermatitis or other corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. For a period of 14 days, patients applied 3.5 grams of medication twice daily. Efficacy was evaluated in forty-six patients, while tolerance and safety were evaluated in fifty patients. Therapeutic response in forty-one of forty-six patients was noted by treatment Day 3. By Day 14, mean total severity score of signs and symptoms in twenty-one patients with psoriasis was reduced by 88%. Similarly, in twenty-five patients with other severe or resistant corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, a 99% decrease in the mean total severity score of signs and symptoms was evident. Of the patients evaluable for tolerance and safety, twenty-four of fifty reported transient, mild to moderate burning that occurred most often upon application of the study preparation. Therapy was not discontinued in any of these patients, and none required additional treatment for the local reaction. Morning plasma cortisol levels in monitored patients remained within normal limits throughout the study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Once-daily 0.1% mometasone furoate cream versus twice-daily 0.1% betamethasone valerate cream in the treatment of a variety of dermatoses.

A randomized, investigator-blind, parallel-group trial was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of 0.1% mometasone furoate cream applied once daily with that of 0.1% betamethasone valerate cream applied twice daily in patients (n = 69) with allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and other steroid-responsive dermatoses. After 3 day's treatment improvement in conditions averaged 38.2% and 39.3%, respectively, in the mometasone and betamethasone treatment groups, and after 21 days average improvements were 93.6% and 96.5%, respectively. The physicians' global evaluation of overall change in disease status and the patients' evaluation of treatment also indicated that the two treatment regimens produced comparable, rapid and progressive improvements in the patients' conditions, and no local side-effects were reported. It is concluded that mometasone furoate was as effective as betamethasone valerate in the treatment of a variety of steroid-responsive dermatoses, although mometasone furoate was applied only half as frequently.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2000

Common dermatoses of the male genitalia. Recognition of differences in genital rashes and lesions is essential and attainable.

Dermatoses of the male genitalia can be confusing to identify and difficult to diagnose and treat. Rashes and lesions that occur on other areas of the body can be hard to recognize when they appear on the genitalia. In this article, Dr Goldman reviews the common dermatoses, presents defining characteristics, and suggests treatment options.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2000

[Skin disorders as markers of internal disease. Paraneoplastic dermatoses].

Paraneoplastic dermatoses are markers of internal malignancy characterised by being relatively uncommon, associated with certain forms of cancer and occurring in connection with the cancer either before, during, or after the diagnosis has been made. Furthermore, the skin symptoms typically run a parallel course with the cancer. Most paraneoplastic dermatoses disappear when the primary tumour is removed and reappear in the case of recurrence or metastases of the cancer. Adult dermatomyositis is especially associated with breast and lung cancer. Necrolytic migratory erythema is seen in patients with a glucagon-producing tumour in the pancreas. Bazex's syndrome is associated with cancer in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. Erythema gyratum repens is an annular erythema associated with lung, breast, stomach and oesophageal cancer. Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa, which is extremely rare, is a specific marker of internal malignancy, especially lung and colon cancer. Acanthosis nigricans and Leser-Trélat's sign are cutaneous markers of stomach cancer. Sweet's syndrome is in some cases associated with acute myeloid leukaemia, but not as frequently as formerly believed. Acquired ichthyosis, scleromyxoedema, amyloidosis, paraneoplastic pemphigus, woody hands, and Trousseau's syndrome are mentioned.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical results in treatment of purulent dermatoses with amoxicillin (author's transl)].

The following are the clinical results of amoxicillin used for 21 cases of purulent dermatoses. Amoxicillin was remarkably effective in 5 of total 21 cases, effective in 12, slightly effective in 2 and non-effective in 2; that is, amoxicillin produced good results. One case each of drug eruption and abdominal distention were observed as side effects. Judging from its level in the blood, amoxicillin is expected to exhibit good therapeutical effect at a daily dose of 750 approximately 1,000 mg. Amoxicillin can be considered to be an effective drug for purulent dermatoses without severe side effect.

Adolescent↗