Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Cultural Evolution”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidermal growth factor-responsive precursors with similar properties isolated from embryonic rat septum and striatum].

INTRODUCTION: The potential correspondence of precursor cells isolated from different brain regions is partially unknown. Since models and culture conditions used in several studies vary, comparison of precursor characteristics has been limited. OBJECTIVE: In this paper epidermal growth factor (EGF)-responsive precursors from the striatum and septum were isolated and their growth pattern in vitro were determined. We also evaluated the influence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) on the proliferation of these cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dissociated cells from rat septum and striatum were cultivated in suspension with 20 ng/ml of EGF. Total cells quantification, immunocytochemical staining and neuron counts were used to evaluate cell proliferation and cellular phenotypes produced by EGF-generated cells. RESULTS: Considering both culture evolution and cellular growth we demonstrated a similar growth pattern of septal and striatal EGF-responsive precursors. Furthermore, the proliferation of both cells populations was supported by FGF. On the contrary, NGF neither had a proliferative effect nor affected cell survival. Upon differentiation, a small proportion of precursor cells differentiated into neuronal phenotype.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

New-world and transcultural impact on Thai medical practices and professional behaviour.

Thailand, which is barely recovering from the 1997 economic collapse, has passed a new constitution, has a new government and all of this will have a profound effect on the way doctors practice and interact with their patients. Some of the factors that have been responsible for this are 1) Passage of a patient's rights bill 2) Legal definition of what is a proper consent form 3) The public's demand for openness, better communication and transparency in medicine These concepts, which now have a legal as well as moral basis, will impact directly on doctors and nurses as their practices will be subject to increasingly intense scrutiny and criticism. Doctors and nurses in past generations were among the most respected members of Thai society. They were trusted almost without exception and their judgment was not questioned. Only rare cases of malfeasance and malpractice came to public notice though, no doubt, they existed but to a much lesser degree. A physicians' life was much simpler for our teachers, fathers and grandfathers. Life was inexpensive, families were less demanding and the doctor did not have to surround himself with expensive foreign-made apparatus which can bankrupt the doctor as well as the patients who have to pay the bills. Medical decisions were made mostly on the basis of observation, past experience at the bedside and not in the laboratory or imaging rooms. Honest errors in diagnosis were common, treatment was limited and simple and this was all tolerated or expected by the public. Few if any disappointments on the part of patients ended up before a judge.

Attitude↗
PubMed2002

Major long-term factors influencing dental education in the twenty-first century.

With evolutionary advances in oral science over the long term, clinical reliance on chemotherapeutics, bacterial replacement therapy, and immunization will necessitate a broader background in medicine. The dramatic increase in the old age population will also require a much stronger medical background. By 2050, those over fifty-five years of age will represent 56 percent of the population, and 25 percent of these will be sixty-five years of age and older. The merging of dental and medical education is predicted to occur within the twenty-first century. Other topics addressed include research activities, with recommended strategies to enhance the integration of scientific and clinical dental approaches; the problem of dental faculty isolation; and the implications of financial constraint and accountability.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

(Evolutionary) Theories of warfare in preindustrial (foraging) societies.

I present an inventory of theories of war causation (and on the origin of war) in preindustrial (traditional, foraging, 'primitive', hunter-gatherer, band- and tribe-level) societies, with emphasis on the roles of natural selection, sexual selection and kin selection. Also the school of sociocultural evolution is briefly discussed.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed2005

How to evaluate the quality of health related websites.

To establish reliable quality criteria for medical websites is of foremost importance in relation to the increasing number of Internet users, both health professionals and lay people, searching for medical information in the mass of these sites. Quality in general refers to a set of features that distinguish one person or thing from others of the same type. The quality of a website is usually related to its content and usability. The first criteria we considered are contents and readability, which must be targeted to the intended type of user. Other important criteria include: transparency, consistency, honesty, references to sources, accountability, respect of privacy, currency of content material, responsibility, and accessibility. Technical criteria are the use of consolidated and standard technologies, soft colours, short page download time. Good medical websites should also follow the suggestions of organizations such as the World Health Organization, the Food and Drug Administration, the European Communities. Another organization, Health On Net Foundation, has issued some guidelines for medical websites, summarized in eight points, fundamental to assign real scientific value to a site. We believe, in agreement with the literature, that it is unnecessary to apply strict rules to medical website developers. We want to stress the importance of guidelines and recommendations to be modified with the development of web technology and the cultural evolution of patient and physicians. In the near future the presence on the Internet of websites certified by national or international medical web authorities will lead users to trust and give their preference to such sites, leading to the self-regulation of website developers and users.

Europe↗
PubMed2006

[Multisite validation study of questionnaire assessing out-patient satisfaction with care questionnaire in ambulatory chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatment].

Patient satisfaction is now recognised as an important quality of care outcome which is particularly relevant in oncology. Adapted from the EORTC In-Patsat32, the Out-Patsat35 is a 35-item satisfaction with care questionnaire measuring cancer outpatients' perception of hospital doctors and nurses, as well as aspects of care organisation and services. This study assessed the psychometric properties of this scale. Patients undergoing ambulatory chemotherapy (CT) or radiotherapy (RT) in 7 cancer centres in France were invited to complete at home the Out-Patsat35 as well as EORTC QLQ-C30 for psychometric testing. Of 416 eligible patients recruited, 96% returned the questionnaire. Most patients (71% in CT; 69% in RT) completed this scale within 15 minutes and the mean rate of item omission was only 4.4%. Confirmatory analyses revealed good convergent validity and excellent internal consistency, although some subscales within the Out-Patsat35 were relatively highly correlated. Items and subscales of the Out-Patsat35 and of the QLQ-C30 were not significantly correlated, underlying that the two questionnaires are assessing quite distinct concepts. The subscales of the Out-Patsat35 were not related to age, gender and education, suggesting a cultural evolution in French cancer patients towards a greater homogeneity in their opinion toward care. This study supports the acceptability to patients, and the psychometric properties of the EORTC Out-Patsat35 questionnaire.

Ambulatory Care↗