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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

OPT: a package of computer programs for parameter optimisation in clinical pharmacokinetics.

1 OPT is a series of computer programs designed to assist dose optimisation for individual patients. It is based on Bayesian Statistical Theory and Maximum Likelihood Estimation. 2 OPT uses prior information on the distribution of population pharmacokinetic parameters and plasma drug concentration measurements to obtain the "most likely' set of parameters for the individual. 3 Complex dosage regimes and non-steady state conditions can be handled. 4 OPT is designed for use in a Clinical Pharmacokinetics Laboratory where informed interpretation of results is essential. 5 The drugs for which the system is currently available include theophylline, digoxin, lignocaine, disopyramide, gentamicin and phenytoin (steady state data only).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Computer program for evaluating the thermal environment.

The calculations required to evaluate the thermal environment can be tedious and time consuming. To reduce this effort to a minimum, a computer program is presented that requires only five basic measurements to calculate and print out a complete evaluation of the thermal environment at a specific location. These are the dry bulb, natural wet bulb, psychrometric wet bulb and black globe temperatures, and the air velocity. Any reference to charts, tables and nomographs is unnecessary, since all other quantities are contained within, or computed by, the program.

Computers↗
PubMed1989

[A computer program that draws pedigree charts for inbred strains of animals].

We produced a computer program that draws pedigree charts for inbred strains of animals such as mice or rats. This program is composed of four subprograms, which are (1) inputting the data, (2) drawing pedigree charts, (3) listing the data which have been input, and (4) backup of the system and the data. Pedigree charts and lists of data can be displayed on a TV screen and printed out on the papers. Using this program, we drew the pedigree charts of the inbred strains of rats which we are maintaining by brother-sister inbreeding in our institute and found that there were three sublines in one of the strains, WKAH/Hkm, because of unsuitable maintenance. This program is very convenient to draw the pedigree charts and useful for checking the maintenance of inbred strains or the strains of animal models of human diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A Macintosh computer program for designing DNA sequences that code for specific peptides and proteins.

A computer program (PINCERS) is described for use in the design of synthetic genes and mixed-probe DNA sequences. A protein sequence is reverse translated with generation of synonymous codons at each position producing a degenerate sequence. In order to locate potential restriction enzyme sites, the degenerate sequence is searched with a library of restriction enzymes for sites that utilize any combination of synonymous codons. These sites are indicated in a map so that they may be incorporated into the synthetic gene sequence. The program allows the user to select the appropriate codon usage table for the organism of interest and then to set a threshold usage frequency below which codons are not generated. PINCERS may also be used to assist in planning the synthesis of mixed-probe DNA sequences for cross-hybridization experiments. It can identify regions of specified length with the protein sequence that have the least overall degeneracy, thereby minimizing the number of probes to be synthesized and, therefore, maximizing the concentration of a given probe sequence.

DNA↗
PubMed1986

Accuracy of computerized electrocardiographic identification of left ventricular hypertrophy as determined by echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular mass: evaluation of a widely used computer program.

The Hewlett-Packard 1000 electrocardiographic management system employs a user-interactive computer with revisable software. The diagnostic accuracy of this system in predicting left ventricular hypertrophy has been evaluated by comparing computer-predicted with anatomic left ventricular hypertrophy. The latter was defined as a left ventricular mass greater than 247 g as determined by M-mode echocardiography within 1 week of the computerized electrocardiogram. In this study, the Hewlett-Packard system was evaluated in 134 consecutive patients having anatomic left ventricular hypertrophy and 157 similarly studied patients with a normal left ventricular mass. By means of various combinations of voltage criteria, ST-T wave changes, abnormal QRS duration or ventricular activation time, left atrial enlargement and left axis deviation, the computer correctly identified 43 of 134 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (sensitivity 32%); left ventricular hypertrophy was suggested or identified in an additional 18 patients with a normal left ventricular mass (specificity 89%). Graded probability statements (that is, the "strength" of the left ventricular hypertrophy diagnosis) increased with ventricular mass not only in patients with anatomic left ventricular hypertrophy but also in the patients with a "false positive" computerized electrocardiogram. Overall diagnostic accuracy was improved only in men by adjusting the definition of left ventricular hypertrophy for sex (at least 300 g for men and 220 g for women). Diagnostic accuracy was significantly better in patients 65 years of age and younger than in older patients (p = 0.007). It is concluded that the overall performance of this computer program (version ECLSB6) requires modification to improve its accuracy in identifying left ventricular hypertrophy.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A computer program for on-line measurement, storage, analysis and retrieval of urodynamic data.

A computer program is presented which allows for direct connection of a minicomputer to a urodynamic set-up. The program stores measured pressure and flow data in a random access disc file with minimal intervention of the urodynamicist, and enables the direct application of a number of methods of analysis to the data. The program is modular, and other analysis methods are easily added. Results of analyses are stored in the same disc file, and both results and measured data can be quickly and easily retrieved. The program is written in FORTRAN; hardware-dependent functions (analog input, graphics display, and random access disc storage) are implemented in subroutines (partly assembler) which can easily be replaced.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

A pocket computer program for common calculations in clinical pediatrics.

This paper describes the use of a short computer program designed for use in a pediatric hospital ward. The program performs metric conversions, obviates the need for nomograms for body surface area and base excess determinations, and rapidly and accurately computes parenteral fluid mixtures, medication dosages, creatinine clearance, erythrocyte sedimentation rate corrections, and serum osmolality.

Computers↗
PubMed1989

[Design and application of a computer program for comprehensive segregation analysis].

Based on the major locus genetic model, we designed a computer program used BASIC language for comprehensive segregation analysis in IBM microcomputer. The applicability of the program has been tested by analyzing 113 nuclear families with ichthyosis vulgaris selected by family method and family-history method, 98 nuclear families with ichthyosis vulgaris selected by family method as will as 101 nuclear families with sensorineural deafness of unknown causes. The program is useful for genetic analysis and genetic counselling.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1975

A computer program for the analysis of parallel-line bioassays of clotting factors.

An interactive computer program for the analysis of clotting factor assays is described. The program provides potency estimates against a standard, and will compare the observed and expected responses of a treated patient. Tests for validity of curve fitting are provided, with a number of optional transforms. If asked, the program will provide the user with a list of valid commands at any given step, and will identify certain errors in input.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer programs for calibrating control electrode voltages and for conditioning working electrodes for a neurochemical voltammetry system.

Two computer programs are described which are used to set voltages, calibrate the system, and cyclically condition electrodes electrically in an electrochemical system. This voltammetry system is normally used for measurement of monoamines in neurochemical studies. The system uses an Apple II, a potentiostat, and a DAS-5 interface between the two. The calibration program is used to establish the numerical values needed by the DAS-5 interface from the computer to yield desired potentiostat voltages, to calibrate the potentiostat, and to set output voltages of the system to be safe for the electrode and neural tissue before the potentiostat is turned on. Another program is used to condition electrodes as required in some cases to establish discriminably different oxidation potentials for different electroactive compounds (monoamines and ascorbate).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A computer program for life table regression analysis with time dependent covariates.

This paper presents a computer program for analyzing time-dependent covariables in survival studies by the life table regression model described by Holford [3]. Basically, life table regression incorporates the elements of regression and the life table into a single model. Regression parameters are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. The program provides two methods for testing hypotheses concerning regression coefficients, namely the standard normal deviate test and a Wald statistic based on the first and second derivatives of the log likelihood. Residual plots are provided to assess the fit of the model to the data.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

A computer program for interpreting immunophenotypic data as an aid to the diagnosis of leukemia.

A computer program has been developed for interpreting the immunophenotypic data obtained in cases of leukemia. It has been designed as a logic program, and its reasoning is based entirely on that used by one experienced immunologist. For each case the program gives a conclusion (qualified if necessary), a summary of the underlying reasoning, and suggestions for any further investigations that may be of benefit. Its performance has been considered acceptable for every one of 400 past cases, and these include various uncommon and atypical conditions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Application of a computer program for identifying different genera and species of the Enterobacteriaceae family in clinical bacteriology].

Computer programs were developed for the selection of a minimum set of biochemical tests that allow the identification of the species of Enterobacteriaceae with major clinical significance. The system proposed consists of nine conventional biochemical tests, the results of which are interpreted with the help of a numeric code. This selects the most probable species for each result and, when necessary, additional tests can be performed to confirm the identification proposed. The system (SYS9E) was used in the identification of 66 strains of nosocomial origin. The results were compared with those of commercial systems.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

Computer programs to analyze DNA and amino acid sequence data.

Extensive modifications have been incorporated into many of the computer programs written by Staden (1-4) to make them easier to cope with DNA and amino acid sequence data. These programs can be easily used by persons with minimal knowledge of computers.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A computer program for the derivation of non-parametric reference ranges from patients' results.

A computer program to derive the reference range from patients' results is presented. It separately modifies the two halves (separated by the peak) of the frequency distribution curve of patients' results by extending a para-apical portion by linear regression and thus derives the frequency distribution curve representing results unaffected by disease. The reference range is then calculated non-parametrically. The ranges obtained for most of the common chemistries were very close to the ones in use in the laboratory. Advantages and limitations of the method are discussed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

A computer program for the design of optimal synthetic oligonucleotide probes for protein coding genes.

A computer program has been written in FORTRAN 77 to locate on a protein sequence a region with optimum length and limited degeneracy in order to design artificial oligonucleotide probes for use in molecular cloning. In addition the program checks for regions of homology between this probe and any other base sequence found in nucleotide sequence data banks. There are options in the program to eliminate rare codons or to make preferential choices of bases in order to minimize the degeneracy of probes.

Algorithms↗