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187 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

SEM analysis of incinerated teeth as an aid to positive identification.

Tooth crown and root fragments from a crime scene in which the remains were purposefully cremated, crushed and scattered were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to aid the identification process. The SEM was used to confirm the presence of parallel striations in tooth enamel and dentine as a means of determining past dental restoration. In the case presented, incinerated tooth fragments of determined type and position were subjected to SEM analysis, and ascertained to have had previous dental work that matched antemortem dental records of a missing person.

Dental Enamel↗
PubMed1993

Identification of the fragmentary, burned remains of two U.S. journalists seven years after their disappearance in Guatemala.

The contribution of a physical anthropologist to a forensic investigation is generally associated with analysis of skeletal remains in a laboratory. This case, which deals with the identification of two U.S. journalists who disappeared in Guatemala in March 1985, shows that the observations of a physical anthropologist in the field--at the site where the skeletal remains are located--can be essential to the success of an investigation. In this case, there was a deliberate attempt to mislead the investigators, but the physical anthropologists on the team discovered the deception. Subsequently, when they were taken to the actual cremation site, they obtained bone fragments and teeth that permitted identification of the victims. For one individual, the unusual morphology of the frontal sinus made positive identification possible. Comparison of premortem dental X-rays with teeth found at the site resulted in positive identification of the second individual.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The analysis of cremains: A case study involving the inappropriate disposal of mortuary remains.

Cremation as a method of body disposition has increased over the last two decades. Mishandling of the remains is bringing the analysis of cremains to the attention of forensic anthropologists. The destruction of skeletal components by heat, and mechanical reduction, make the analysis of cremains difficult. Three years after receiving cremains believed to be that of their mother, a family received a second set of cremains that were also purported to be those of their mother. Questioning whether which, if either, set of remains were the decedent, the family initiated an anthropological analysis of both sets of remains. The investigation focused on both osseous and nonosseous characteristics of each set. Total weight of the material and differences in both the osseous and nonosseous characteristics indicate that the cremains represent two individuals. These differences include the degree of color change due to heat, the amount of bone fragments vs. ash, and the lead and calcium content remaining in the fragments from each set. Differences in the nonosseous components of each set are related to coffin hardware, and medical and dental artifacts.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1996

The wrong urn: commingling of cremains in mortuary practices.

Personal identification of human skeletal remains altered by the heat of crematory furnaces in modern mortuaries may be complicated by the presence of more than a single individual in a sample. When identification of cremains of neonates and young children is required in legal disputes, as in cases where relatives suspect that a funeral establishment has presented them with the ashes of another individual, the forensic anthropologist may be consulted by their legal representative. Problems to be considered in personal identification of cremated bodies are (1) presence or absence of commingled remains in a sample; (2) identification of one or more individuals present. Methods used in sorting and identifying neonate, infant and pre-adolescent remains include reconstruction of stature in situations where long bone diaphyses are preserved, as this may provide evidence of age at time of death, and assessment of dental crown development of unerupted and erupted deciduous teeth also for age determination. These procedures were used in the case reported here concerning mortuary practices of a funeral home and a family claiming that they were presented with the cremains of an adult and not those of their 15-hour-old daughter.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Dependence of shrinkage on the mineral content of experimentally burned bones].

Quantitative changes of the human femur compacta have been studied by dilatometer investigation. Furthermore it was found that increasing mineral content of cortical bone is significantly correlated with a decreasing value of thermally induced shrinkage. Therefore, cortical thickness should be a useful criterion for sexing cremated remains.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1997

[Cemeteries and crematoriums for animals? Social and emotional aspects of the changed human-animal relationship and the resulting needs and risks].

The man-animal-relationship in the modern society is characterized by a ambivalent attitude towards animals. On the one hand man distincts sharply between himself and animals but on the other hand he longs to nearness and familiarity with animals. He recognized himself in animal. Housing conditions of animals range from extensive anonymous to individual over protected. Also the death of animals mainly happens anonymous. In contrast companion animal owners wish to bury their pets in a dignified manner on a cemetery for animals and recently we even have to consider the growing demand for pet crematories. Based on the relevant legislation cemetaries for pets could be authorized and corps of single animals could be cremated in licensed waste facilities. The authorization of crematories for pets depends on the fulfillment of environment regulations and the interpretation of the concerning law. No special risks are seen if the principles written down in the referred regulations are preserved.

Animals↗