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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adverse effect of intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum as adjuvant therapy in resected stage I and II non-small cell carcinoma of the lung. Ludwig Lung Cancer Study Group.

Intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum 7 mg or placebo was administered postoperatively as adjuvant therapy to patients with resected Stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer in a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. A total of 475 patients were entered into this study between July, 1977, and February, 1979. Of this group, 405 can be evaluated, with an average follow-up time of 4.6 years. More side effects, especially fever and chest pain, were observed in patients receiving Corynebacterium parvum (p less than 0.001). An increase in fever was associated with a decrease in survival (p = 0.01). Life-threatening or fatal complications were not seen. Important prognostic factors are surgical stage (p less than 0.001) and degree of differentiation (p = 0.02). Corynebacterium parvum is associated with a decreased survival (p = 0.02). It is concluded that intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum is detrimental to survival.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

The immunological activities of components isolated from Corynebacterium parvum in mice injected with polyoma tumor cells.

The inhibition of polyoma tumor in CBA mice after immunization with different fractions of Corynebacterium parvum was investigated. Treatment with 200 micrograms of polysaccharide from culture filtrate before s.c. inoculation 2 X 10(6) of tumor cells induced antitumor effect in mice. Treatment with lower doses (1 microgram or 20 micrograms) after transplantation of tumor cells was not effective. Injection of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli abolished a positive response on inhibition of polyoma tumor growth after immunization with Corynebacterium parvum fractions. Additionally, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to protein fractions contain tumor antigenic components of membrane vesicles from polyoma tumor cells in the mice immunized with different compounds of Corynebacterium parvum was very strong. These findings suggest that the Corynebacterium parvum preparations are capable to inhibit tumor growth and could be used in special circumstances in immunoprophylaxis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of malignant pleural effusions with intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum or tetracycline.

Thirty two patients with malignant pleural effusion were randomly allocated to treatment with intrapleural Corynebacterium parvum or tetracycline hydrochloride in an attempt to prevent symptomatic recurrence of pleural fluid. Success in preventing recurrence of fluid at one month, using up to 2 doses of each drug, was 14 of 16 cases for Corynebacterium parvum, 5 of 9 for tetracycline given via an intercostal needle, and 6 of 7 for tetracycline given through an intercostal tube. These difference were not statistically significant. Corynebacterium parvum was significantly more likely to produce pyrexia equal or greater than 38 degrees C (P less than 0.001) and pain requiring analgesia (P less than 0.05) than tetracycline hydrochloride. Corynebacterium parvum is a useful agent for the management of malignant pleural effusion, but is associated with more side effects than tetracycline.

Bacterial Vaccines↗
PubMed1995

The Corynebacterium xerosis composite transposon Tn5432 consists of two identical insertion sequences, designated IS1249, flanking the erythromycin resistance gene ermCX.

Analysis of the 50-kb R-plasmid pTP10 from the clinical isolate Corynebacterium xerosis M82B revealed that the erythromycin resistance gene, ermCX, is located on a 4524-bp composite transposable element, Tn5432. The ends of Tn5432 are identical, direct repeats of an insertion sequence, designated IS1249, encoding a putative transposase of the IS256 family. IS1249 consists of 1385 bp with 45/42 imperfect terminal inverted repeats. The nucleotide sequence of the 1754-bp Tn5432 central region is 99% identical to the previously sequenced erythromycin resistance region of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae plasmid pNG2. It encodes the erythromycin resistance gene, ermCX, and an ORF homologous to the amino-terminal end of the transposase of IS31831 from Corynebacterium glutamicum. Transposons with regions flanking the insertion sites were recovered from the C. glutamicum chromosome by a plasmid rescue technique. Insertion of Tn5432 created 8-bp target site duplications. A Tn5432-induced isoleucine/valine-auxotrophic mutant was found to carry the transposon in the 5' region of the ilvBNC cluster; in pTP10 the transposon is inserted in a region similar to replication and partitioning functions of the Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1 and the Agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmid pTAR.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

An investigation of nosocomial infection with Corynebacterium jeikeium in surgical patients using a ribosomal RNA gene probe.

Twelve strains of multi-resistant Corynebacterium jeikeium isolated during a one year period in a surgical unit in Innsbruck were analyzed with regard to their plasmid content, antibiotic susceptibility, and the use of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) to probe restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Plasmids were detected in five of the strains. Southern blotting of genomic DNA digested with HindIII or PvuII and hybridized with a biotin-labelled cDNA probe derived from total rRNA revealed characteristic banding patterns. Seven of the 12 strains showed similar RFLP profiles, consistent with them being related epidemiologically. The minor changes in RFLP profiles observed in these seven strains suggest that Corynebacterium jeikeium may be subject to genetic drift over a relatively short time span. Strains from other sources, included for comparison, differed markedly from those from Innsbruck. Patterns of antibiotic susceptibility which appeared not to be plasmid encoded, correlated broadly with RFLP profiles. This study suggests that strains of Corynebacterium jeikeium may be transferred between hospital patients.

Corynebacterium↗
PubMed2000

The 51,409-bp R-plasmid pTP10 from the multiresistant clinical isolate Corynebacterium striatum M82B is composed of DNA segments initially identified in soil bacteria and in plant, animal, and human pathogens.

The 51,409-bp DNA sequence of the multiresistance plasmid pTP10 from the gram-positive opportunistic human pathogen Corynebacterium striatum M82B has been determined. Fully automated genome interpretation led to the identification of 47 ORFs. Analysis of the genetic organization of pTP10 suggests that the plasmid is composed of eight DNA segments, the boundaries of which are represented by transposons and insertion sequences. The DNA segments of pTP10 are highly similar to (1) a plasmid-encoded erythromycin resistance region from the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae; (2) a chromosomal DNA region from Mycobacterium tuberculosis; (3) a plasmid-encoded chloramphenicol resistance region from the soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum; (4) transposable elements from phytopathogenic gram-negative Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Erwinia species; and (5) a plasmid-encoded aminoglycoside resistance region from the gram-negative fish pathogen Pasteurella piscicida. The complete DNA sequence of pTP10 provides genetic information regarding the mechanisms of resistance to 16 antimicrobial agents that belong to six structural classes. In addition, the mosaic structure of pTP10 represents the evolutionary consolidation into a single plasmid molecule of antimicrobial resistances from microorganisms found in different habitats by means of mobile elements, resulting in the generation of a multiresistant bacterium that can infect humans.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Chronic cystitis caused by Corynebacterium urealyticum detected by polymerase chain reaction.

The case of a 73-year-old man with chronic cystitis due to Corynebacterium urealyticum was complicated by hematuria and urinary stone formation. The diagnosis was based on an amplification product obtained using polymerase chain reaction for mycobacterial species on urine and a bladder biopsy specimen. A specific 212 bp amplification fragment that did not hybridize with a Mycobacterium-specific probe was recognized. Sequence analysis of the fragment revealed Corynebacterium urealyticum. Routine urine cultures were negative, but prolonged culture on sheep blood agar led to the isolation and identification of Corynebacterium urealyticum. Identification was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction on the colonies. The patient was treated successfully with vancomycin. Integration of molecular laboratory diagnostics with conventional microbiology and pathology was synergistic for the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Comparative genomics identified two conserved DNA modules in a corynebacterial plasmid family present in clinical isolates of the opportunistic human pathogen Corynebacterium jeikeium.

Investigation of 62 clinical isolates of the opportunistic human pathogen Corynebacterium jeikeium revealed that 17 possessed plasmids ranging in size from 7.6 to 14.9 kb. The plasmids formed four groups on DNA restriction analysis. The complete nucleotide sequence of a representative from each group (pK43, pK64, pCJ84, and pB85766) was subsequently determined. Additionally, two plasmids (pCo455 and pCo420) were shown to be derivatives of pK43 and pK64 carrying insertion sequences of the IS3 family. Comparative genomics identified a conserved plasmid backbone consisting of two distinct DNA modules. Conserved motifs in the parAB-repA module indicated that the sequenced plasmids from C. jeikeium are new members of the pNG2 family. Recombinant derivatives of pK43 were shown to replicate in the soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum and in the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The second plasmid module most likely encodes a novel type of DNA invertase. The respective gene is flanked by highly conserved 112-bp inverted repeats. All plasmids are 'loaded' with a characteristic set of genes encoding products of unknown function. Plasmids indistinguishable from pK43 by DNA restriction analysis were identified in different C. jeikeium strains, which revealed 16S-23S rDNA spacer length polymorphisms and specific antibiotic susceptibility profiles, implying a wide dissemination of the plasmid in clinical isolates of C. jeikeium.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Pyrolysis patterns of 5 close Corynebacterium species analyzed by artificial neural networks.

In the present study, an artificial neural network was trained with the Stuttgart Neural Networks Simulator, in order to identify Corynebacterium species by analyzing their pyrolysis patterns. An earlier study described the combination of pyrolysis, gas chromatography and atomic emission detection we used on whole cell bacteria. Carbon, sulfur and nitrogen were detected in the pyrolysis compounds. Pyrolysis patterns were obtained from 52 Corynebacterium strains belonging to 5 close species. These data were previously analyzed by Euclidean distances calculation followed by Unweighted Pair Group Method of Averages, a clustering method. With this early method, strains from 3 of the 5 species (C. xerosis, C. freneyi and C. amycolatum) were correctly characterized even if the 29 strains of C. amycolatum were grouped into 2 subgroups. Strains from the 2 remaining species (C. minutissimum and C. striatum) cannot be separated. To build an artificial neural network, able to discriminate the 5 previous species, the pyrolysis data of 42 selected strains were used as learning set and the 10 remaining strains as testing set. The chosen learning algorithm was Back-Propagation with Momentum. Parameters used to train a correct network are described here, and the results analyzed. The obtained artificial neural network has the following cone-shaped structure: 144 nodes in input, 25 and 9 nodes in 2 successive hidden layers, and then 5 outputs. It could classify all the strains in their species group. This network completes a chemotaxonomic method for Corynebacterium identification.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

Corynebacterium endocarditis. Difficult diagnosis in an elderly woman.

Physicians have been reminded repeatedly of the many faces of bacterial endocarditis. In this case, Corynebacterium endocarditis presented as an occult malignancy and eluded diagnosis for six months. The coryneform isolates found in cultures are often considered to be contaminants because of their ubiquitous nature, sometimes causing a delay in diagnosis. Patients with culture-negative endocarditis or Corynebacterium "contamination" should be treated as having Corynebacterium endocarditis pending results of microbiologic isolation tests.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Corynebacterium species isolated from patients with mastitis.

Corynebacteria were isolated from breast tissue, pus, or deep wound swabs of 24 women; the most common species isolated was the newly described Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, followed by Corynebacterium amycolatum and Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum. Gram-positive bacilli were seen in samples sent for culture or in histological specimens for 12 women, and 9 of the 12 women from whom adequate histological specimens were obtained had conditions that met the criteria for granulomatous lobular mastitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Is a black-pigmented Corynebacterium species an opportunistic pathogen during pregnancy? Literature review and report of 3 new cases.

Isolation of black-pigmented Corynebacterium species from human clinical samples has been reported, although rarely. Review of the medical literature revealed 3 reports of culture isolation of these unusual bacteria. All were recovered from the female genital tract, and 1 case was associated with spontaneous abortion. Genetic characterization of these isolates indicates that they are similar and probably represent a novel pathogen in the genus Corynebacterium. We report 3 additional bacterial isolates sharing similar phenotypic and/or genotypic characteristics that were recovered from the genital tract of women who had complications of pregnancy. Similarities in these cases suggest that this newly recognized Corynebacterium species might be an opportunistic pathogen in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Corynebacterium aquaticum septicemia. Characterization of the microorganisms.

An 85-year-old woman with the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis developed septicemia during hospitalization. Cultures of the patient's blood revealed the presence of Gram-variable coccobacilli, later identified as Corynebacterium aquaticum. The microorganisms grew aerobically on blood agar plates after incubation overnight. The colonies were convex, non-hemolytic and slightly yellow-pigmented. No growth was observed on MacConkey and endo agar plates. The organisms were catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, motile, and oxidized glucose and mannitol. The morphologic and biochemical properties of Corynebacterium aquaticum should be considered for separation from related organisms such as Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium species and oxidative Gram-negative rods that do not grow on MacConkey medium (Flavobacterium spp.).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Pathology of culture-proven JK Corynebacterium pneumonia. An autopsy case report.

The first description of the pathologic characteristics of JK Corynebacterium pneumonia is presented. Occurring in a profoundly neutropenic patient, the pneumonia was characterized by massive fluid exudation in the alveoli with acute hemorrhage, significant proliferation of the bacteria beginning along the alveolar walls, and eventual alveolar wall necrosis. Other cases of JK Corynebacterium pneumonia are reviewed. This report emphasizes that JK Corynebacterium pneumonia has a high mortality and should be considered in patients with pulmonary deterioration and blood cultures positive for diphtheroids.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1998

Corynebacterium phocae sp. nov., isolated from the common seal (Phoca vitulina).

Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on four strains of a Gram-positive non-acid-fast coryneform-like organism isolated from the nasal cavities of common seals (Phoca vitulina). Chemotaxonomic investigations revealed the presence of corynomycolic acids in the unidentified isolates, which is consistent with corynebacteria. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the strains from seals represent a hitherto unknown subline within the genus Corynebacterium sensu stricto. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis and phenotypical criteria, it is proposed that the bacterium should be classified as a new species, Corynebacterium phocae. The type strain of Corynebacterium phocae is CCUG 38205T.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Three adult cases with Corynebacterium propinquum respiratory infections in a community hospital].

Corynebacterium propinquum, which is included in Corynebacterium group ANF-3, exists as a commensal in the oral flora. This organism has not yet been fully recognized as a respiratory pathogen. We previously reported that the first case with respiratory infection caused by C. propinquum. On the other hand, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum is recognized as a causative organism in respiratory infections. Recently we experienced two cases with C. propinquum respiratory infections in our hospital. Three types of the onset such as a community-acquired infection, a hospital-acquired infection, and a nursing home acquired infections were observed. Our analysis indicated that gram staining of the purulent sputum is an essential tool to evaluate whether C. propinquum is a respiratory pathogen or not, because this organism is a commensal bacteria.

Aged↗
PubMed1974

Analysis of Corynebacterium vaginale by an immunodiffusion technique.

An immunodiffusion technique was employed to study the antigenic relationship of Corynebacterium vaginale isolates, vaginal diphtheroids, and members of the genera Corynebacterium and Lactobacillus. Antisera were prepared against C. vaginale ATCC strain 14018 grown diphasically and on blood agar plates and were tested against extracts of organisms prepared by sonication. Ouchterlony analysis demonstrated that all of the isolates of C. vaginale examined possess a common antigenic determinant. No antigenic relationship was detected between C. vaginale and members of the genera Corynebacterium or Lactobacillus. This study also demonstrated that alterations in the cultural conditions can cause variations in the antigenic composition of C. vaginale.

Agar↗
PubMed1965

OXIDATION OF SECONDARY ALCOHOLS BY EXTRACTS OF A CORYNEBACTERIUM.

Rosenberg, Eugene (University of California, Los Angeles), and Paul Holmes. Oxidation of secondary alcohols by extracts of a Corynebacterium. J. Bacteriol. 89:1212-1216. 1965.-A Corynebacterium was isolated from soil by use of the enrichment culture technique. This Corynebacterium oxidized and grew on the chemically synthesized secondary alcohol, 3-tetrahydrofuranol. Extracts of this organism contained at least two different nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-requiring soluble secondary alcohol dehydrogenases. These enzymes were distinguished by the relative rates at which they oxidized thymidylic acid and 3-tetrahydrofuranol. In addition to their substrate specificity, the two enzymes differed in pH optima and thermal stability. Also, the 3-tetrahydrofuranol dehydrogenase was induced by 3-tetrahydrofuranol, whereas the thymidylic acid dehydrogenase was constitutive.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗