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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Thyroid function and menopausal status in benign and malignant breast diseases].

Thyroid function was evaluated in premenopausal (healthy controls n = 7, benign breast disease n = 59, primary breast cancer n = 7) and postmenopausal (healthy controls n = 8, benign breast disease n = 51, primary breast cancer n = 10) groups of female subjects. The following parameters were measured: T3, T4, FT3I, FT3I, T3U and TSH. Except significantly higher concentration of T3 in postmenopausal healthy controls (179.6 +/- 32.9 vs. 152.3 +/- 22.4 p < 0.05), in benign and malignant breast lesions there was not any significant deviation. T3U, FT3I and FT4I did not significantly differ in relation to menopausal status. Basal TSH level was premenopausally higher in all groups, but with statistically significant difference within the group of primary breast cancer (0.98 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.17 p < 0.05). Consequently, pathologic variations of thyroid hormones plasma level together with the changes of activities of thyrotropin cells could be a significant factor in premenopausal mammary tumorigenesis, while in benign breast lesions a possible relation between thyroid hormone instability and menopausal status was not identified.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Causality between telomere length and breast diseases: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between telomere length and breast diseases remains unclear, with conflicting evidence for breast cancer. Using an innovative genetic approach, we were the first to comprehensively assess their bidirectional causal relationship. METHODS: Telomere length, breast cancer, benign neoplasm of breast, and breast inflammation were extracted from the genome-wide Association study (GWAS) database as the basis for large-scale population studies. The interaction of telomere length and breast diseases as exposure and outcome factors was analyzed by Mendelian randomization (MR). RESULTS: When telomere length was used as an exposure factor and breast diseases as an outcome, the P value of MR was less than 0.05. Breast cancer (odds ratio (OR)&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.130, 95% confidence interval (CI)&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.047-1.219, P =&#xa0;0.0016), benign neoplasm of breast (OR&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.002, 95%CI&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.001-1.004, P =&#xa0;0.0007) and breast inflammation (OR&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.487, 95%CI&#xa0;=&#xa0;1.008-2.191, P =&#xa0;0.0453). When breast diseases were taken as an exposure factor and telomere length was taken as an outcome, the P value of MR between breast cancer, benign neoplasm of breast, and telomere length was greater than 0.05, and breast inflammation could not be calculated by MR. CONCLUSION: Telomere length is a risk factor for breast diseases, and longer telomeres increase the risk of breast cancer, benign neoplasm of breast, and breast inflammation. However, the reverse study showed no causal association between breast cancer, benign neoplasm of breast and telomere length, and the causal association between breast inflammation and telomere length was not clear. Moreover, further studies are needed to validate our findings in non-European populations.

Mendelian randomization↗
PubMed2003

Polybrominated biphenyl exposure and benign breast disease in a cohort of US women.

PURPOSE: We examined the relation between serum polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) levels and the risk of benign breast disease in a cohort of Michigan women unintentionally exposed to PBBs in 1973 and interviewed in 1997. METHODS: We used extended Cox models to generate adjusted hazard ratios; models included polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk factors for benign breast disease reported in the literature. RESULTS: Two hundred fourteen (23%) of 951 women reported benign breast disease diagnosed by a physician. Compared with women with low PBB exposure, benign breast disease was not reported more frequently among those with moderate (>1-12 parts per billion [ppb]), (odds ratio [OR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80-1.45), or high (>12 ppb), (OR 0.79, 95% CI = 0.46-1.38) PBB exposure. PCB exposure was also not associated with self-reported physician-diagnosed benign breast disease. Age, smoking, and annual number of health-care provider visits were significantly associated with benign breast disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis did not demonstrate an association between serum PBB level and self- reported physician-diagnosed benign breast disease. We did observe an increased risk of benign breast disease for women who smoked, an association that has not been consistently found in previous studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase polymorphisms, and the risk of developing breast carcinoma among women with benign breast disease.

BACKGROUND: Biopsy-proven benign breast disease (BBD) is a risk factor for developing breast carcinoma; however, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding factors related to progression to carcinoma. A cohort study was conducted to examine the role of cyclooxygenase (COX) polymorphisms and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the progression of BBD to breast carcinoma. METHODS: Among participants in an ongoing cohort study, 1467 women underwent a breast biopsy for BBD. Of these women, 91 subsequently developed breast carcinoma. Medication data were collected in 1989 and in 1996. COX genotypes were determined using DNA extracted from blood specimens collected in 1989. RESULTS: A decrease in breast carcinoma risk was observed among women who reported using aspirin in 1989 (odds ratio [OR] of .46; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], .22-.98) and in 1996 (OR of .47, 95% CI, .18-1.21). Furthermore, a higher frequency, dose, and longer duration of aspirin use were associated with a decrease in the odds of developing breast carcinoma. Overall, no association was observed between COX genotypes and the subsequent development of breast carcinoma. However, among women not using NSAIDs, one COX-2 polymorphism (rs2143416) was found to be significantly associated with the development of breast carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from the current study suggest that inflammation through COX-2 pathways may play a role in the progression of BBD to breast carcinoma and that aspirin may help to lower the risk of progression to breast carcinoma among women with BBD.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Dietary and reproductive factors associated with benign breast disease in Mexican women.

Benign breast disease (BBD) is common in women in the reproductive age group. The results of epidemiological studies that have examined the relationship between diet and BBD are controversial and scarce. The aim of the present study was to identify and evaluate the impact of dietary and reproductive risk factors in the development of BBD in Mexican women. Between 1994 and 1996, 121 women with BBD and 121 age-matched (+/- 3 yr) clinical controls with non-breast-related diseases were identified. The study population was directly interviewed about their reproductive history, and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain dietary information. The population was originally identified as part of a hospital-based case-control study examining exposure to 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane and breast cancer. A significant reduction in the risk of BBD was observed when comparing the upper with the lower tertiles of consumption of citrus fruit [odds ratio (OR) = 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21-0.88], non-citrus fruit (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.16-0.76), diary products (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.18-0.75), and food sources of lignans (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.24-0.98). A marginally significant reduction in the risk of BBD associated with the consumption of vitamin B-12 (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.23-1.02) was also observed. Our results add new information about the role of diet in the etiology of BBD.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Risk factors for benign breast disease: a case-control study of discordant twins.

The influences of potential risk factors for benign breast disease were assessed using women twins in a matched pair design. Two groups of cases from the Kaiser-Permanente Twin Registry were considered: 1) 90 pairs of female twins in which one twin reported a history of benign breast disease confirmed by biopsy and her twin reported no history of benign breast disease, and 2) 48 pairs of female twins in which the case had clinically diagnosed fibrocystic benign breast disease and her twin was free of disease at examination and reported no history of the disease. Results were similar in these two samples. A significant positive association was found between benign breast disease and coffee consumption. Oral contraceptive use and greater body mass were inversely associated with benign breast disease after controlling for possible confounding variables by matched-pairs multiple logistic analysis. All associations were stronger for monozygotic than for dizygotic pairs. Twin pairs discordant for disease provide an excellent sample in which to assess the importance of potential risk factors while controlling for early environmental and genetic backgrounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Coexpression of TGF alpha, epidermal growth factor receptor, and P-glycoprotein in normal and benign diseased breast tissues.

Twenty-four normal or benign breast tissues were examined for the expression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and P-glycoprotein, the product of the mdr-1 gene. Specific staining for all three proteins was observed in the majority of the samples. P-glycoprotein staining was present in most (88%), and confined to the lumenal surface of the ductal epithelium. Membranous EGFR expression was observed in epithelial cells in 92% of the specimens and 42% displayed both myoepithelial and epithelial cell staining. TGF alpha staining was intense and uniformly distributed through the cytoplasm (96%). Coexpression of EGFR, TGF alpha, and P-glycoprotein in normal human breast tissues suggests a role for each of those proteins in normal breast physiology. An interaction may be present in normal breast tissue between the EGF receptor pathway and P-glycoprotein.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed2002

Oxidant/antioxidant status in blood of patients with malignant breast tumour and benign breast disease.

The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme defences in the blood of patients with malignant breast tumour and benign breast disease. Forty patients with malignant breast tumour, 20 patients with benign breast disease and also 20 healthy control subjects were recruited for the study. Malondialdehyde levels in plasma and erythrocytes, and the activities of erythrocyte CuZn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured. Malondialdehyde levels were higher in patients with both benign breast disease and malignant breast tumour compared with control subjects. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes were higher in patients with malignant breast tumour, while only glutathione peroxidase and CuZn-superoxide dismutase activities were higher in patients with benign breast disease. Except for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the antioxidant enzymes studied correlated positively with the malondialdehyde levels in patients with malignant breast tumour. On the other hand, only glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was increased by the level of malignancy. The activity increases in erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes may be a compensatory upregulation in response to increased oxidative stress especially in patients with malignant breast tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fatty acid composition of breast adipose tissue in breast cancer patients and in patients with benign breast disease.

Fatty acid composition of triglycerides (TGs) and phospholipids (PLs) in breast adipose tissue was analyzed in 73 female breast cancer patients and 55 patients with benign breast disease. No differences were observed in the dietary intake of the major fatty acids (i.e., palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids) or in the proportion of TGs and PLs in breast adipose tissue between the two groups. In postmenopausal women, however, the dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) was significantly lower in the breast cancer patients than in patients with benign breast disease. Accordingly, the percentage of docosahexaenoic acid of PLs in breast adipose tissue was significantly lower in breast cancer patients than in patients with benign breast disease among postmenopausal women. The stage of the breast cancer did not contribute to the observed alterations of fatty acid composition of PLs. Consonant with the previous epidemiologic data, the present results suggest that intake of the long-chain n-3 fatty acids (mainly derived from fish) may have a protective effect against breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

Application of aspiration biopsy cytology in the diagnosis of breast diseases.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the breast was performed in 198 patients; 158 benign and 8 malignant lesions were found, 24 samples were considered unsatisfactory and 8 suspicious. The cytological diagnosis was correlated with clinical follow-up and histological findings. The Author discusses the value of aspiration biopsy cytology in the clinical assessment of breast disease and describes the cytological appearances and diagnostic criteria in the major benign and malignant breast diseases.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1999

Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in detection of benign or malignant breast disease in women.

Using a highly sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, we have evaluated the measurement of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a potential diagnostic test for differentiation between women with breast cancer and those with benign breast disease. In a controlled study consisting of 284 women with well-documented patient files and matched for age and long-term place of residence, serum samples collected from 90 women with histologically confirmed breast cancer, 94 women with benign breast disease and 100 controls were analysed. Serum total PSA levels in benign breast disease and cancer patients are not statistically different from those of healthy controls. Total PSA levels decrease with age in normal controls and breast cancer patients but not in those with benign breast disease. The total PSA concentration decreases after menopause in healthy women, though not in patients with breast cancer or benign breast disease. Total PSA bore no relation to the histological type or grade of the tumour or the disease stage of the breast cancer patients. In benign breast disease, all mastopathy patients had normal total PSA, whereas elevation of the values was observed in 7% of fibroadenoma patients. Our results show that serum total PSA cannot be used to distinguish between healthy women and/or women with breast cancer or benign breast disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Benign breast disease.

Perhaps the most remarkable trend relevant to benign breast disease during the past year is the relative paucity of new investigations. This interesting trend is reflected in one of the most remarkable recent texts on this subject. In The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Disorders (Bland et al., eds. WB Saunders, 1991), only 70 of 1100 pages are devoted to benign breast disease. The majority of recent reports have focused on three issues: symptomatic treatment of breast pain, expectant management of clinically benign masses in younger women, and cytologic differentiation of benign and precancerous cystic lesions.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1994

Intracystic lipidic profile in fibrocystic breast disease.

This study was designed to investigate the lipidic profile of fibrocystic breast disease. The study entailed measuring total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and triglyceride levels in the serum of 50 women with fibrocystic breast disease without macrocysts, and in the serum and breast cyst fluid of 60 women with fibrocystic breast disease and macrocysts. The relationships between the lipids analyzed in the cyst fluid and intracystic estradiol, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone were studied. No differences were found for serum lipid levels between the two groups of patients. The levels of total cholesterol and HDL-C were found to be significantly higher, and the levels of triglycerides and VLDL-C significantly lower in breast cyst fluid compared to serum. In cysts with high potassium concentrations, we found a higher concentration of cholesterol and HDL-C and a lower concentration of LDL-C than in cysts with a potassium/sodium ratio < 3. No significant differences were found in cystic levels of triglycerides and VLDL-C. Multiple regression analysis showed that the only intracystic variable, which was, in part, positively responsible for the hormone levels measured, was HDL-C. These data suggest that local steroidogenesis in fibrocystic breast disease uses HDL-C as the substrate.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1984

Oral contraceptives and benign breast disease.

In 1980 a questionnaire was mailed to 726 nurses who had previously entered a study of breast disease in the late 1940s and 1950s; 665 responded. Between the ages of 30 to 49 years, 137 reported detecting their first signs of benign breast disease and 76 reported receiving their first biopsy for these signs. Long-term oral contraceptive usage reduced the risk of developing signs of benign breast disease and the risk of biopsy for these signs. The potential bias due to the effect of prior benign breast disease on the prescribing practices for oral contraceptives was minimized by considering oral contraceptive usage prior to detecting the first signs of benign breast disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The treatment of symptomatic benign breast disease with danazol.

A prospective randomized double blind trial, using danazol in a dose of 200 mg twice a day, was carried out on 80 women presenting with severe cyclical symptomatic benign mammary dysplasia. Standardized scores for 4 parameters of disease severity (breast pain, breast tenderness, breast nodularity and breast cysts) were defined and measured monthly on all patients admitted to the trial. Using nonparametric statistical analysis, significant improvement in breast pain, tenderness and nodularity, was found in both the double blind and crossover arms of the trial. An insufficient number of patients presented with breast cysts to draw any conclusions regarding the efficacy of danazol on cysts. Six months of treatment may produce a more sustained response, than 3 months of treatment. Danazol appears to be efficacious in managing patients with severe breast symptoms due to benign disease.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗