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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

The use of cortical evoked response audiometry in the assessment of noise-induced hearing loss.

OBJECTIVES: The study aims were to determine the incidence of exaggerated hearing thresholds in individuals complaining of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) as a result of impulse noise using cortical evoked response audiometry (CERA) and to identify any associated audiometric features. SETTING: We conducted an office-based study. STUDY DESIGN: In this prospective case series, 1154 males complaining of NIHL were assessed with pure tone audiometry; 673 had CERA. Pure tone averages (PTA) and hearing disability were calculated using the Irish and American Medical Association systems. A PTA of >10 dB worse than the CERA average was considered evidence of exaggerated thresholds. RESULTS: The mean PTA was 33 dB. Seventy-two percent had a hearing disability of an average of 26% when assessed by the Irish system. Fifty-four percent had a hearing disability of an average of 30% when assessed by the American Medical Association system. Twenty-six percent of subjects had exaggerated thresholds based on CERA. A binaural hearing threshold of >25 dB at 500 Hz had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 59% for the detection of exaggerated thresholds. CONCLUSION: Exaggerated hearing thresholds are common. A hearing threshold of >25 dB at 500 Hz should be considered an indication for CERA testing.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

High frequency audiometry and chronic renal failure.

High frequency audiometry with pure tones from 9 to 18 kHz was performed in 37 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing conservative medical treatment and in a control group of 96 patients (age range 30 59 years for both groups). It was noted that the high frequency thresholds were significantly higher for the patients with chronic renal disease, and further deterioration of hearing function was observed at the examination performed after 1 year of follow-up. It was concluded that high frequency audiometry is a sensitive method for detecting hearing changes in patients with chronic renal failure and can be used to monitor these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Behavioural observation audiometry in testing young hearing-impaired children.

The aim was to examine the accuracy of unconditioned behavioural observation audiometry (BOA) in predicting hearing acuity in children and the validity of test results at various frequencies. The study was designed to longitudinally compare each child's best BOA response level (at the age >12 months) with the conclusive pure-tone threshold of the better ear. The subjects were 119 children derived from a material of 353 children fitted with a hearing aid at Helsinki University Central Hospital. BOA was carried out on 119 children, 19 of whom did not respond to frequency-specific stimuli. The predictive power of BOA depended on the severity of hearing loss. At the hearing level of 30-39 dB, BOA registered 10-15 dB poorer levels than the pure-tone audiometry. The pure-tone averages (0.5, 1, 2 kHz) of 50-69 dB agreed best with the BOA responses. In severe impairments (more than 70 dB HL), the BOA registered too good hearing. Correlation of the results from the two modes to measure hearing level was highly significant (r = 0.71, p = 0.000), and the pure-tone hearing level agreed with that of BOA at the frequencies 0.5 to 4 kHz. Our results show that BOA averages < or =30 dB rarely indicate hearing loss demanding fitting of a hearing aid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Distortion product oto-acoustic emissions as objective audiometry in a group of children with ventilation tubes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate distortion product oto-acoustic emissions (DPOAEs) as a means of objective audiometry in a population of children with ventilation tubes. We measured DPOAEs at two different stimulus levels--recorded transient evoked oto-acoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and obtained pure-tone audiometry (PTA). DPOAEs were compared with the normal range proposed by the Madsen company: the CELESTA 503 provides a 'normalized' distortion-product-gram which we compared with the pure-tone threshold of the test group. DPOAEs at 60 dBSPL were more easily obtained in the test group than TEOAEs and PTA. Correlation between 'normalized' DPOAEs and pure-tone thresholds was the strongest at 2 and 4 kHz. Surprisingly, DPOAEs at 60 dBSPL showed significant differences also at 2 and 4 kHz compared with the Madsen data. DPOAEs at 60 dBSPL might be an easy, objective test for evaluating auditory function and for determining hearing threshold at 2 and 4 kHz.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1999

Cisplatin ototoxicity: the importance of baseline audiometry.

The role and optimal use of audiometry in monitoring for cisplatin ototoxicity are incompletely defined. Audiograms were obtained from 217 patients before treatment with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for cancers of the esophagus, lung, or head and neck. Posttreatment audiometry then was conducted in 53 of these patients. Chemotherapy consisted of two (87%) or three (13%) courses of cisplatin at a dose of 20 mg/m2/day given as a continuous intravenous infusion over 4 days. Simultaneous 5-fluorouracil or paclitaxel also was given, and 38% received concurrent radiation therapy to the head and neck. Air-conduction thresholds for each ear were obtained at 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz. Three three-frequency pure-tone averages (PTA) also were calculated. Framingham gender-specific, age-adjusted norms were used, beginning at age 60 to correct for presbycusis, and the upper limit of normal was calculated as the greater of the Framingham mean plus twice the standard error, or 25 dB. Hearing abnormality was defined as a threshold >10 dB above the norm for any PTA, or >20 dB above the norm for any individual frequency. Hearing loss was defined as an elevation over baseline threshold of >10 dB for any PTA or >20 dB for any individual frequency. Of the 217 patients who underwent baseline testing, 57 (26%) were found to have hearing abnormality in excess of the expected presbycusis. Post-cisplatin audiograms demonstrated hearing loss in 19 of the 53 retested patients (36%) when compared with their own baseline. As determined by tympanometry, none of these subjects had a conductive component to their hearing loss. These observations were independent of the duration of follow-up after treatment and of the total dose of cisplatin administered. The authors conclude that significant preexisting hearing abnormality is common in this patient population and that, even after low-dose cisplatin administration, additional hearing loss occurs frequently. Baseline testing is mandatory if follow-up studies are to be adequately interpreted.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Audiometry with nasally presented masking noise: novel diagnostic method for patulous eustachian tube.

OBJECTIVE: Nasal-noise masking audiometry was developed to assess the acoustic transfer function from the nasopharyngeal cavity to the middle ear via patulous eustachian tube (ET). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Twenty-seven ears of 18 patients with patulous ET and 20 ears of 10 healthy subjects with no history of ear disease or complaints of aural symptoms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Audiometric measurement was conducted with and without masking noise presented in the nasal cavity. RESULTS: The masking effect of nasally presented noise caused elevation of the threshold for the tone presented in the external auditory canal. This threshold elevation was significantly greater, particularly in the lower-frequency region, in ears with patulous ET and was decreased to the normal range after obstructive treatment of the patulous ET. CONCLUSION: Nasal-noise masking audiometry is a simple and effective way to identify patulous ET.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1990

Pre- and postoperative high-frequency audiometry in otosclerosis. A study of 53 cases.

A study was carried out to evaluate the results of stapes surgery in 53 cases of otosclerosis. The hearing function was measured pre- and postoperatively by means of conventional and high-frequency audiometry (Demlar 20K). The operative findings of the gradation of otosclerosis were compared with the pre- and postoperative audiometrical measurements. The results of this study point out that a clear relation exists between the preoperative high-tone audiogram and the gradation of otosclerosis. Stapedotomy does not influence the high-frequency threshold postoperatively. In conclusion, high-frequency audiometry can predict the state of stapes fixation in otosclerosis and this can be important in stapes surgery.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1991

Ototoxicity monitoring with ultra-high frequency audiometry in peritoneal dialysis patients treated with vancomycin or gentamicin.

Ototoxicity affects the higher frequencies first and extends to the lower frequencies during continuation of the ototoxic treatment. Peritonitis due to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) regularly demands ototoxic antibiotic treatment, e.g. with gentamicin and vancomycin. In this study ultra-high frequency audiometry (10-20 kHz), 'normal' audiometry (0.125-8 kHz) and registration of blood concentrations of the antibiotics were used to assess ototoxic hearing loss during treatment of CAPD patients with peritonitis.

Audiometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High frequency audiometry in prospective clinical research of ototoxicity due to platinum derivatives.

The results of clinical use of routine high frequency audiometry in monitoring the ototoxic side effects of platinum and its derivatives are described in this prospective study. After demonstrating the reproducibility of the technique, we discuss the first results of an analysis of ototoxic side effects in 75 patients (150 ears). Significant differences in the pattern of hearing loss were registered for the different platinum treatment groups (cisplatin 20 mg/m2, cisplatin 50 mg/m2, and carboplatin 350 mg/m2). In the groups receiving cisplatin 50 mg/m2 and carboplatin 350 mg/m2, 42% and 25%, respectively, of the investigated ears proved to be undamaged, versus 9% undamaged in the group receiving cisplatin 20 mg/m2 (p less than .01). Ototoxic hearing loss started mainly (46% to 70%) in the higher frequencies (10,000 to 18,000 Hz) and developed into a broader-range hearing loss (1,000 to 18,000 Hz) during treatment in 13% to 43% (p less than .01). The onset of hearing damage was influenced by the patient's age (p less than .001) and the existence of a troubled otologic history (p less than .05). The study demonstrates the important role of high frequency audiometry in early detection and monitoring of ototoxic damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Chloroquine gestational use in systemic lupus erythematosus: assessing the risk of child ototoxicity by pure tone audiometry.

The objective of this study was to assess child chloroquine ototoxicity after its use during the gestational period in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Nineteen children over four years old were evaluated: nine were exposed to chloroquine diphosphate (CDP) during gestation and 10 were born from mothers that did not take this drug before conception or anytime during pregnancy (CONTROL). Pure tone audiometry was performed in all children and high and low frequency threshold means were compared to evaluate the hearing status. All nine mothers taking CDP were exposed to this drug at least during the first trimester of pregnancy (56% during the whole gestational period) and the mean time of CDP use was 6.1 +/- 2.9 months. No significant difference was found in children of CDP and CONTROL groups regarding age (7.6 +/- 4.4 versus 12.3 +/- 7.2 years; P = 0.10, respectively) and gender (P = 0.65). Pure tone high frequency thresholds, which are the first to be affected by ototoxic drugs, presented within normal limits in children exposed or not to CDP (8.5 +/- 5.0 versus 7.4 +/- 3.6 dBHL; P = 0.55, respectively). Likewise, the mean hearing thresholds at low frequencies were also similar in both groups (11.4 +/- 4.5 versus 11.9 +/- 3.0 dBHL; P = 0.66). In conclusion, child in utero exposure to chloroquine diphosphate does not seem to induce hearing impairment as measured by pure tone audiometry, reinforcing its safe use during pregnancy of lupus patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Otologic history, audiometry and tympanometry as a case finding procedure for school screening.

An algorithm for identification of hearing loss and middle ear effusion based on otologic history, audiometry and tympanometry was designed and tested on 771 first grade school children. Each ear was profiled as being normal, at risk, or in need of otologic referral based on test-retest screening. In addition, each child was categorized on the basis of the worse ear. Results showed 57 percent of the children as being normal; otologic referral was indicated in 14 percent. The remaining children (29 percent) were at risk or at high risk. The combination of medical history, audiometry and tympanometry constitutes an excellent case finding procedure for screening the otologic status of young school children. Through the utilization of specific criteria, optimal referrals can be made, thereby providing better health care.

Audiometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Auditory processing and high frequency audiometry in students of São Paulo].

BACKGROUND: Auditory processing and auditory sensibility to high Frequency sounds. AIM: To characterize the localization processes, temporal ordering, hearing patterns and detection of high frequency sounds, looking for possible relations between these factors. METHOD: 32 hearing fourth grade students, born in city of São Paulo, were submitted to: a simplified evaluation of the auditory processing; duration pattern test; high frequency audiometry. RESULTS: Three (9,4%) individuals presented auditory processing disorder (APD) and in one of them there was the coexistence of lower hearing thresholds in high frequency audiometry. CONCLUSION: APD associated to an auditory sensibility loss in high frequencies should be further investigated.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sound localization with phase audiometry.

A 500 Hz pure tone is presented binaurally with earphones. The tone is adjusted to give a midline impression at confortable loudness level. An electronic variable time delay line unit and a generator for randomizing the shift of the phase lag of the signal to the right or to the left ear, respectively, are used. By shortening the time delay the threshold of the recognition of the phase difference is reached. At every test sequence the tone is first presented in the center of the head without delay and then with delay. The patient runs the test by indicating in which ear the tone is heard. The phase difference is thus gradually reduced from 500 musec down to a threshold value of about 48 musec equal on right and left ears in normal-hearing subjects. The results of phase audiometry on subjects with normal hearing and with different types of hearing losses are in good agreement with the results of sound localization tests in free field. Phase audiometry seems to be of especial value in diagnosing retrocochlear lesions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1992

Phase audiometry in neuroaudiological practice.

Six groups of subjects, altogether 107 in number, were studied with phase audiometry. Three control groups were studied (normal-hearing healthy controls, persons with cochlear hearing losses, and patients with neurological disease not affecting the auditory system), and three patient groups were studied (patients with cerebellopontine angle tumours, with brainstem lesions, and with temporal lobe lesions). Two phase audiometers were used. The sensitivity was 85% for patients with cerebellopontine angle tumours, 71% for patients with brainstem lesions, and 69% for patients with temporal lobe lesions. There was good agreement between the phase audiometers, though one of them (BIAB Phase Audiometer) had better results for two of the patient groups. Phase audiometry can be recommended in neuroaudiological practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability of slow vertex response audiometry in young children with sensorineural hearing loss.

In order to supplement our previous report on the reliability and validity of slow vertex response (SVR) audiometry, the detectability of the response, the agreement among scorers and test-retest reliability were studied in 6 children aged 2-4 years who have sensorineural hearing loss of 60-75 dB for the test frequency (1 000 Hz). Mean percentage of positive response increased from 20.6 to 62.2% as stimulus intensity was increased from 60 to 80 dB. Such a sharp increase in the detectability of the response at a level of stimulus intensity close to the auditory threshold of the subjects was not observed in normal children. The results indicate that SVR audiometry is more reliable and valid in children with sensorineural hearing loss than in normal children.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

Role of high-frequency audiometry in the early detection of ototoxicity. II. Clinical Aspects.

As a supplement to a previous paper [Dreschler et al.: Audiology 1985; 24:387-395] high-frequency (HF) audiometry was applied to compare the ototoxic effects of two different drug administration protocols for cis-platinum (CDDP). In both subgroups, HF audiometry considerably enhanced the early detection of ototoxicity. Marked differences between treatments have been established both in the pattern of onset of the damage and in the relation between dose and damage severity. For subjects treated with platinum derivatives, the thresholds at 12 and 14 kHz prove to be especially important. The results suggest that for these subjects the measurement of only a single frequency may be considered: with a minimum of effort, most of the increased sensitivity for a complete HF audiogram can be obtained. Finally, the relation between threshold deteriorations above 8 kHz and threshold deteriorations in the conventional range of audiometric frequencies has been investigated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The masked threshold to noise ratio in brainstem electric response audiometry: assessment of the conductive loss component by bone-conducted masking.

The aim of this study was to assess the conductive loss component (CLC) by brainstem electric response audiometry. A bone-conducted noise was used to mask out the response to a conventional air-conducted click stimulus. The difference between the levels of the click and the noise is defined as the masked threshold to noise ratio (MTNR). This MTNR was determined for 21 normal ears (MTNR = -13 +/- 5 dB). The increase in MTNR compared to this normative value is a measure of the CLC. For 10 ears with an artificially induced purely conductive loss, the increase in MTNR is in good agreement with the results of conventional pure-tone and brainstem electric response audiometry.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Audioscan: a high-definition audiometry technique based on constant-level frequency sweeps--a new method with new hearing indicators.

The resolution of data given by traditional fixed-frequency tone audiometry is limited to the number of frequencies tested. Numerical electronics now allow us to bypass the difficulties of controlled-level frequency sweeping. The Audioscan method gives a detailed audiometric curve and is designed to detect even the narrowest notches. The Audioscan method includes the possibility of defining hearing loss indicators containing more information and of increasing the diagnostic power of the audiometry. The applications both in the clinic and in screening are highly promising.

Audiometry↗