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Determinants of morphologic cardiac adaptation in elite athletes: the role of athletic training and constitutional factors.

Endurance sports lead to physiological enlargement of the heart and to an increase in wall thickness, depending on the kind of endurance sport and on the intensity and extent of training. The adaptation of the heart is modified by several factors. Antropometric parameters (height, body composition), sex and genetic traits are potential mechanism.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

Equine athletes, the equine athlete's heart and racing success.

Our recent data have confirmed that maximum oxygen delivery in racing Thoroughbreds is positively correlated to left ventricular mass measured by echocardiography. A similar, but weaker relationship also exists between left ventricular mass and Timeform performance rating in commercial racehorses. The relationship of the Thoroughbred heart to racing success and the special problems that selective breeding for aerobic capacity have had in this species are reviewed in this article.

Adaptation, Physiological↗