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PubMedDate not supplied

[Nature of factors stimulating cobalamin production by Achromobacter cobalamini].

The object of this work was to study the nature of factors contained in molasses and maize extract and stimulating cobalaminogenesis in Achromobacter cobalamini. The activity of substrate fractions was analyzed to show that the stimulating substance was precipitated on the cation exchanger and eluted from it with HCl. The factor was found to be an organic nitrogen base readily soluble in water and ethanol but insoluble in ether, chloroform and methanol. It was stable upon heating in concentrated HCl. Betaine in the composition of molasses and choline in the composition of maize extract had similar properties. Their addition to the growth medium produced the same effect as that of molasses and maize extract. It is concluded therefore that cobalaminogenesis is stimulated in A. cobalamini by betaine in molasses and by choline in maize extract.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathways of assimilation of carbon oxides in carboxydobacteria Seliberia carboxydohydrogena and Achromobacter carboxydus].

Assimilation products of 14C-bicarbonate and carbon-14C oxide were studied in two carboxydobacteria Seliberia carboxydohydrogena and Achromobacter carboxydus which differed in their ability for chemolithoautrophous growth in the presence of hydrogen. The dynamics and composition of labeled products formed upon assimilation of 14C-bicarbonate in the presence of unlabeled carbon oxide by the two organisms, the composition of products formed upon assimilation of 14CO by suspensions of S. carboxydohydrogena Z-1062 during 5 minutes, and the dynamics and composition of labeled assimilates of A. carboxydus Z-1171 after incubation in the presence of 14CO, were found to be consistent with those expected in the action of the reductive pentose phosphate Calvin cycle. The similarity of products formed upon assimilation of 14CO2 and 14CO suggests that CO is first oxidized to CO2, and only is assimilated.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of organic substances on the growth and cobalamin genesis of Achromobacter cobalamini].

Corn steep and molasses were shown to stimulate cobalaminogenesis in Achromobacter cobalamini. Their concentrations optimal for the culture growth and vitamin B12 synthesis were found. Corn steep at a concentration of 2% accelerated the growth. The biomass yield and the content of B12 were maximal after 48 h of fermentation. In the medium with molasses, the growth was stimulated at 1% of molasses, and the vitamin biosynthesis at 5%. When 5% of molasses was added into the mineral medium, the rate of biosynthesis increased by a factor of 5 to 7 as compared to the control. A 5% aqueous solution of molasses containing 1.1 g/l of potassium phosphates produced the same effect as an addition of molasses to the complete mineral medium.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunosuppressive properties and circulating life of Achromobacter glutaminase-asparaginase covalently attached to polyethylene glycol in man.

The immunosuppressive effects and circulating life of Achromobacter glutaminase-asparaginase (GA) covalently attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG) were examined in human subjects following a single iv dose of 1000 IU/m2. Plasma half-life of PEG-GA was 72 hours. Skin test reactivity to recall antigens (mumps and tuberculin) was lost in all four patients tested. In vitro phytohemagglutinin-induced blastogenesis, "natural killing," and phytohemagglutinin-induced cell cytotoxicity was diminished as long as enzyme levels were detectable. In vivo and in vitro activities returned to normal following total plasma clearance of enzyme.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolic and structural changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Achromobacter CDC and Agrobacterium radiobacter cells injured in parenteral fluids.

The long term metabolic changes of three oxidase positive microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Agrobacterium radiobacter and Achromobacter CDC) all isolated from aquatic environment, were defined after they were inoculated in three parenteral fluids: Lactated Ringer's solution, Sodium Chloride 0.9% and Dextrose 5%. The number of microorganisms introduced into the parenteral products was adjusted to 10(5) bacteria/ml and left at room temperature (20-22 degrees C) for 30 days. Their enzymatic and protein profile as compared with their initial characteristics after they were grown in broth, were measured using API 20NE batteries of tests and gel electrophoresis. In L-R and NaCl 0.9% fluids, P. aeruginosa and Ag. radiobacter lost the ability to hydrolyse urea while Ac CDC retained this ability. In Dextrose 5% fluid the microorganisms lost most of their metabolic characters. The protein patterns in SDS-PAGE of samples prepared from cells of the tested microorganisms showed marked differences (in P. aeruginosa) to minor differences (in Ag. radiobacter and Ac CDC) while new proteins with M(r) > 66KDa revealed Ag. radiobacter cells. The gelatinolytic zymogram shows also differences between bacterial cells grown in nutrient broth and those that remained in parenteral fluids. These changes reflect the stress of the tested bacteria in an unfavorable condition. The alterations of injured bacteria could render them unable to grow on routine, for sterilization testing, culture media.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Achromobacter xylosoxidans keratitis following penetrating keratoplasty.

BACKGROUND: Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a bacterium not previously reported in a corneal infection. We present a case of infectious keratitis caused by this organism, occurring 1 month following penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS: Identification of the organism was accomplished by staining, culture, and sensitivity testing of the corneal scraping obtained from the involved area. The infection responded to subconjunctival ticarcillin, piperacillin eye drops, and I.V. azlocillin. RESULTS: Complete healing with a resultant corneal opacity involving mostly the anterior and middle stroma was achieved 1 month later. CONCLUSIONS: A. xylosoxidans should be considered as a potential pathogen in instances of early postkeratoplasty infectious keratitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C from Achromobacter xylosoxidans.

A new phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (EC 3.1.4.3.) has been isolated from the culture broth of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Growth conditions were optimized for maximum production of the enzyme. A temperature-sensitive synthesis was established. Chromatography on CM Sephadex and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the native enzyme revealed a number of isozymes. The water soluble substrate for phospholipase p-nitrophenylphosphorylcholine was not hydrolysed by the enzyme.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacteremia caused by Alcaligenes (Achromobacter) xylosoxidans. Description of 3 cases and review of the literature].

BACKGROUND: Alcaligenes (Achromobacter) xylosoxidans occasionally cause infections, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. METHODS: Three cases of bacteremia due to A. xylosoxidans observed at the Fundación Jiménez Díaz between 1985-1994 were described. Moreover, 38 single cases of bacteremia due to A. xylosoxidans and 21 episodes associated with outbreak were reviewed by using computerized bibliography data base MEDLINE (1970-december 1994). RESULTS: From 41 patients with bacteremia (including our 3 cases) reviewed, 27 were immunosuppressed hosts (twenty had neoplasia disease). The most common clinical presentation was primary bacteremia (11 cases, 27%) and pneumonia (10, 24%), followed by catheter-associated bacteremia (8, 20%), meningitis (4), bacteremia from abdominal cavity (4), endocarditis (3) and pyelonephritis (1). The mortality rate was higher (39%), specially in patients whom were a intensive care unit acquisition (87%), and illness with endocarditis (100%). No patient with catheter-related bacteremia died. All of 21 outbreak episodes of bacteremia had a autolimited form and low mortality (4.8%). CONCLUSION: A. xylosoxidans is a microorganism with demonstrated capacity of cause bacteremia, mainly in immunocompromised hosts, with high mortality rates. Sometimes, it causes outbreaks of bacteremia with low mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia in patients with hematologic malignancies.

We report nine cases of Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia diagnosed in patients with hematologic malignancies. There was not an obvious epidemiologic link between cases and the organism was not isolated from any source. Outcome was cure in all nine cases. In our experience, catheter removal is generally required for eradication of A. xylosoxidans.

Adult↗