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At least 1,801 records · Page 100Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Recurrence rates and long-term follow-up after laser resurfacing as a treatment for widespread actinic keratoses on the face and scalp.

BACKGROUND: Diffuse widespread actinic keratoses are difficult to treat, have a tendency toward higher recurrence rates, and therefore require ablative treatment. Laser resurfacing is one of the treatment modalities that can treat whole surface areas. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patients who underwent laser resurfacing for widespread actinic keratoses with long-term follow-up for recurrence rates, time until new lesions occur, and the most common side effects. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study from 25 patients who underwent laser resurfacing for widespread actinic keratoses on the scalp, forehead, or full face at our department. Follow-up varied from 7 to 70 months. Recurrence rates, adverse effects, and improvement were analyzed through chart analysis. RESULTS: The mean average follow-up was 39 months. Forty-four percent of the patient shad no recurrence during the time period. Fifty-six percent of the patients developed new lesions after treatment but only a few. Of the recurrences, 20% occurred within 1 year and 36% occurred after 1 year. The most common short- and long-term side effects were infections (12%), hypopigmentation (48%), hyperpigmentation (8%), acne (12%), milia (12%), scar formation (8%), and atrophic and/or easily bruised skin (20%). CONCLUSION: Laser resurfacing is an effective treatment modality for diffuse widespread actinic keratoses with long-term recurrence-free intervals.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Chronic blepharitis and pyoderma of the scalp: an immune deficiency state in a father and son with hypercupremia and decreased intracellular killing.

An immune deficiency state is proposed as the cause of a disorder affecting a father and son with chronic dermatitis, purulent blepharitis with corneal ulceration, and scarring pyodermatous alopecia of the scalp. The results of immunologic investigation revealed abnormal neutrophil function with a variable decrease in intracellular killing, decreased lymphocyte transformation, increased serum IgG and IgE, and elevated serum copper levels. These findings will be compared with previously described immune deficiency disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of the scalp.

A 15-year-old boy had an extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma arising in the soft tissues of the scalp. The tumor was rapidly growing, subcutaneous mass unattached to the underlying bony structures. Histologic examination revealed a proliferation of primitive-appearing, round to oval cells adopting a lobular configuration. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the undifferentiated mesenchymal nature of the neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Scalp infestation by Phthirus pubis in a 6-week-old infant.

This case report describes a 6-week-old infant with a Phthirus pubis infestation of the scalp. It is believed this patient is the first reported case in this age group. Treatment is discussed, as are the family dynamics that put this infant at risk. The authors address the possible association between infestation and child abuse.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular stains and hair collar sign associated with congenital anomalies of the scalp.

We reported a series of three meningothelial hamartomas, one benign fibrous tumor, and one aplasia cutis congenita presenting with the hair collar sign and a coexistent vascular stain. Our series highlighted the importance of coexisting cutaneous markers found in the newborn period. The presence of a vascular stain and hair collar sign with or without a congenital scalp nodule should increase suspicion of an associated cranial dysraphism.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Case study: fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution localized on alopecia androgenetica areas and unaffected scalp.

A 54-year-old man with a 24-year history of androgenetic alopecia was referred to the Department of Dermatological Sciences with follicular inflammatory lesions leading to scleroatrophy in the vertex region (Figure 1) of 1-year duration. These lesions appeared a year ago. There was no previous history of this condition. On examination, the patient showed confluent infiltrative follicular lesions on the frontoparietal and occipital scalp (Figure 2). Some lesions evolved into erosions that developed in ivory white scleroatrophy within weeks. These lesions were localized both in and outside of are as affected by alopecia androgenetica and were associated with mild pruritus. Histopathologic examination, performed on an early lesion of the vertex, documented a mild thinning of follicular epithelium associated with an intense lymphohistiocytic perifollicular infiltrate. The damage of the basal cell layer was limited to the follicle, while epidermis was intact. In particular, follicular keratinocytes under the isthmus showed a very intense degeneration exactly where the infiltrate was the most prominent. The damage of the hair sheath was under the isthmus and involved the lower portions of the follicles (including the hair bulbs). The inflammatory infiltrate was exclusively represented by perifollicular lymphohistiocytes. Finally, a connective fibrotic shell with numerous fibroblasts formed a sheath around the atrophic follicle (Figure 3). Results of laboratory investigations (including complete blood cell counts, basal thyroid-stimulating hormone, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin levels, B and C hepatitis markers, antinuclear antibodies, and cultural examinations) were negative.We diagnosed the patient with fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1977

Stimulation frequency and visually evoked scalp potentials with brief flashes of light.

Recording of the visually evoked scalp potential (VESP) elicited with flash stimulation was completed in six subjects presenting with normal vision. From the four separate signals recorded over the visual cortex, it was concluded that stimulation frequency affects some of the components of the VESP. Accordingly, in studies of the VESP character, the influence of stimulation frequency is a critical factor which must be taken into account when analyzing the resultant activity.

Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1994

Problems with electrical signs of epileptic focal discharges recorded from the scalp.

From 1957-92, 3235 patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy were admitted and examined as candidates for surgery, in 639 classical resective intervention, removal of epileptic foci, was performed. In 101 patients other functional or disconnection surgery was performed. Based on this experience some problems and difficulties of bioelectrical investigation and localization of epileptic foci by scalp EEG recording are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Unusual vascular tumour of the scalp in association with lymphoid aggregates: a variant of angiolymphoid hyperplasia?

A 51-year-old mason presented with a large tumour on his scalp which had developed over the previous 2 years. Histological examination showed the presence of large vessels with muscular coats some of which appeared to be venules and others arterioles. They had markedly swollen cuboidal endothelial cells and a surrounding mononuclear cell infiltrate which in areas formed lymphoid follicles some of which had germinal centers. There was no evidence of tissue or blood eosinophilia. The unusual clinical and histological features of this case are emphasized and the nosology of this rare condition is discussed.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia↗
PubMed1987

Meningioma of the scalp: a case report with immunohistological features.

We report a case of a long-standing subcutaneous nodule of the scalp in a young man, with the histological features of a primary cutaneous meningioma. The results of an immunohistological study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies gave a similar pattern to that seen in intracranial meningiomas, and distinct from other cutaneous lesions which may be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A clear cell pilar sheath tumor of scalp: case report.

A long-standing tumor of scalp is reported characterized histologically by extensive proliferation of pilar epithelium made up exclusively of cells with small round nuclei and clear cytoplasms containing glycogen granules. The tumor epithelium showed no tendency for keratinization and no cytologic atypia. The growth, however, appeared aggressive and replaced the entire thickness of the dermis and extended into the subcutaneous fat tissue.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1990

Syringoma-like sweat duct proliferation in scalp alopecias.

We have reviewed a series of 585 scalp biopsies taken for histologic evaluation of hair loss and have looked for syringoma-like eccrine sweat duct proliferation. This feature was found in 6 specimens with scarring alopecia and one each with alopecia areata and female-pattern alopecia. Syringoma-like sweat duct proliferation appears to play no role in the etiology of hair loss.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Epidermoid cyst of the scalp containing human papillomavirus.

We report an epidermoid cyst of the scalp with light microscopic and immunohistochemical evidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Light microscopic features suggesting HPV infection included papillomatosis and hypergranulosis of the cyst lining with the presence of koilocytes. Much of the keratin within the cyst demonstrated parakeratosis. Immunoperoxidase labeling for HPV antigen was noted within koilocytes. Papillomavirus infection has been reported in plantar epidermoid cysts. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a papillomavirus-infected epidermoid cyst in a site other than plantar skin. Light microscopic features of our cases differed from those of the plantar cysts. Epidermoid cysts may be induced by the papillomavirus or the virus may merely infect pre-existing cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Primary cutaneous histiocyte and neutrophil-rich CD30+ and CD56+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma with prominent angioinvasion and nerve involvement in the forehead and scalp of an immunocompetent woman.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous lymphomas co-expressing CD56 and CD30 are very rare. They share a clinicopathological overlap with natural killer- (NK)/T-cell lymphomas and anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCLs), two entities with widely disparate clinical behavior. METHODS: We present a case of an immunocompetent 57-year-old Caucasian woman with a rapidly growing, angiodestructive and neuroinvasive primary cutaneous ALCL (PCALCL). The neoplastic population of large anaplastic CD30+ and CD56+ T cells was masked by a massive admixture of histiocytes and neutrophils. The partially ulcerated and pus-secreting tumor involved the forehead and scalp and was assessed as clinical stage IAE. RESULTS: After chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), the patient achieved a complete remission. Additionally, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation was administered as a consolidation of complete remission, in which she has remained for 6 years. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first CD30+ and CD56+ primary skin lymphoma to be reported on the head. The presented case carries a remarkable combination of clinicopathological features of PCALCL and NK-/T-cell lymphoma.

CD56 Antigen↗
PubMed1991

Evidence for alpha-MSH binding sites on human scalp hair follicles: preliminary results.

Alpha-MSH, considered an important pigmentation hormone, binds to melanocytes and is thought to stimulate melanogenesis through a cyclic-AMP-dependent mechanism. The binding of alpha-MSH to follicular melanocytes has been investigated in human hair of different colors, ranging from black to blond and senile white. Hairs were plucked, the follicles were cut off, and an alpha-MSH binding assay, using a radiolabeled alpha-MSH analogue, was performed on these bulbs. As controls of each assay, fragments of hairs of the same person were used. The results show a dose-response relationship and the assay seems to be specific for alpha-MSH, because other peptides such as ACTH, beta-LPH and beta-endorphins do not compete for binding sites as alpha-MSH does. These binding sites seem to be present only on melanin synthesizing melanocytes, since the controls and follicles of senile white hair, which do not contain active melanocytes, show negative results. All the assays were performed on raw material, i.e., whole plucked hair follicles. This is the first time that binding sites for alpha-MSH have been demonstrated on human scalp hair follicles. In addition, their presence was found to be associated with active melanin production; their absence was demonstrated on senile white hair follicles.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed2005

Scalp necrosis and giant cell arteritis: case report and issues in wound management.

Scalp necrosis is rare in patients with giant cell arteritis. Here, we report the case of an 81-year-old woman who presented with a management problem that required a truly multidisciplinary approach to treatment. A combined approach of effective wound bed preparation with selective debridement, prolonged antimicrobial therapy, corticosteroid use and careful dressing choices resulted in a successful outcome in a potentially disastrous situation.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed1975

Congenital midline scalp and skull defect.

A family with multiple congenital scalp defects, over two generations and probably genetically determined, is described. Although alarming in appearance, surgical intervention is not indicated at least for small lesions. The risk of haemorrhage and meningitis is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Unexplained diarrhoea and failure to thrive in 2 siblings with unusual facies and abnormal scalp hair shafts: a new syndrome.

A family is described in which 2 siblings born to healthy parents presented with abnormal facies, persistent diarrhoea, and early death. Exhaustive pathological and biochemical investigations failed to find a cause. The scalp hair of both babies had an abnormal amino-acid composition, and presented an appearance that was unique on scanning electron microscopical examination; this fact and the clinical picture probably represents a new syndrome.

Amino Acids↗

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