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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

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PubMed1998

Vocational training and beyond--listening to voices from a void.

This paper is written from the viewpoint of a doctor who has recently undergone general practice vocational training, and has first-hand experience of some of the opportunities, difficulties, and uncertainties facing doctors at this stage of their careers. The literature on vocational training and the issues concerning young doctors are explored in the light of concerns that recruitment into general practice is falling, that registrars may feel lost in a 'void' at the end of training, and that the 'new world' of post-training work brings problems for many new general practitioners (GPs). Instead of a traditional partnership, one of the authors (RB) chose a salaried, educationally oriented introduction to inner-city general practice. Some innovative, educational schemes, which are aiming to improve the appeal of general practice, are discussed.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1996

User involvement in clinical audit: a review of developments and issues of good practice.

There have been considerable political and organizational moves to involve 'consumers' (patients, carers, service users, potential users, local communities and the public at large) in the provision, planning and monitoring of health services. Such developments beg the question 'what constitutes good practice in user involvement?'. Taking user views into account relates not only to obtaining feedback on 'hotel' aspects of care (issues such as food and cleanliness) but also to the potential for patient input to clinical audit and the standards by which care itself is measured. Recent policy statements specifically advocate involving users in the process and product of clinical audit. In practice, 'involvement' has meant anything from passing on information to full and active participation in partnership with professionals. This paper outlines some of the issues raised in the published literature on user involvement in clinical audit. Suggesting that real involvement refers to users as active participants, not passive recipients, the paper documents the increasing policy commitment to user involvement and considers issues that influence how the rhetoric is put into practice.

Health Care Surveys↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developing the MAPP community health improvement tool.

From 1997 to 2001, the National Association of County and City Health Officials, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Practice Program Office, developed a new community strategic planning tool, titled Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP). This article provides a chronological description of the development of MAPP, devoting significant attention to pivotal decisions, development milestones, and distinguishing features of this new public health planning tool. All phases of the development ensured a practice-driven process, ongoing substantive input from the field, careful attention to research and literature, and intentional linkage with related efforts. This deliberate process laid the foundation for a tool that is not only well grounded in research and concepts but also relevant for practical use in communities. The process also demonstrates how practice-based research can be conducted in a way that effectively balances the need for applied relevance with intellectual integrity.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1999

Professional education for correctional nurses. A community-based partnership model.

Advanced, professional education is the key to shift the correctional health nursing role from isolated practice behind bars to a seamless community-based, managed-care approach. From a public health perspective, the state of health or illness of the correctional population reflects the state of health or illness of the community of which they are a part. The aim of correctional health is to close the health-trauma cycle and to restore the inmate's health to a state and a process of being, and the inmate to an integrated and whole person within the community.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed2005

Clinical-academic partnerships research: converting the rhetoric into reality.

An increasing recognition of the importance of research-based practice to the nursing profession has led to a number of strategies designed to increase the utilization and conduct of nursing research. The transfer of nursing education from hospitals to universities occurred partly in response to the identified theory-practice gap. Subsequently, a significant investment in joint clinical-academic positions and clinical professorial positions has been made with the intention of bridging the gap between the tertiary sector and the clinical field. Anecdotal evidence suggests that neither strategy has achieved the desired degree of success. The available literature suggests that nurses do not tend to become involved in the conduct of research, nor do they readily utilise research findings in their practice. It is hypothesized in this paper that this reflects the strong cultural differences between the clinical and academic worlds in nursing. The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of these cultural differences and describe specific principals that could contribute to significant cultural change and the bridging of the academic-clinician divide.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

The development of radiology guidelines in Canada, Part 1.

Canadian clinical practice guidelines are being developed for radiological services. In the first part of a two-part article outlining the history and process of this guidelines development, the author discusses several national and provincial initiatives in this area. A National Partnership for Quality in Health, involving many major physician organizations, was formed in 1990 to promote clinical practice guidelines in Canada. The Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) participated in its workshops. CAR decided in 1994 to ask its Task Force on Standards to assume the task of development of appropriateness guidelines in diagnostic imaging. After review of British and US guidelines in radiology, the Task Force decided to develop guidelines tailored to the practice in Canada through interdisciplinary consensus. The CAR subsequently entered into an agreement with the Health Services Research in Radiology Initiative of McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., to investigate guidelines development, and decided to avoid taking "ownership" of guidelines. Guidelines development is based on the Guidelines Development Cycle of Browman and associates and is condition-based, rather than being all-encompassing or equipment-based. Guidelines developed to date or in progress include those for chest radiography in asymptomatic populations (such as routine health examinations or screening of smokers), for radiographs of foot and ankle injuries, for diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis and for ultrasonography in normal pregnancies.

Canada↗
PubMed1997

An analysis of the sociopolitical context of mental health nursing practice.

This paper will explore the delivery of mental health nursing care within a neo-liberal model of mental health care delivery in New Zealand. Mental health nursing as a socially constructed activity occurs within a particular political context, which determines its role and function. This environment determines the nature of the nurse-patient relationship which is integral to the role of mental health nurses. Critical analysis of the New Zealand Government's neo-liberal health policies will be conducted to explore their effect on mental health care delivery and the nurse-patient relationship. Some of the ideologies and values maintained by current dominant discourses within nursing and the State are discussed. To establish therapeutic partnerships with service-users, mental health nurses are urged to critically analyse their practice and the context in which it occurs.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comprehensive primary health care delivery model.

Primary health care has emerged as a key element in the health care delivery system. A well-organized system of primary care is needed to reduce the fragmented, often parallel approaches currently seen in the delivery of health care. Important aspects of primary care include not only comprehensive services and continuity of care to the individual client but health assessment and intervention to meet the community needs as a whole. A nursing model is presented for comprehensive interdisciplinary primary health care practice, education, and research. A unique aspect of this model is the partnership with the community, which is an essential component for operationalization of the model. Use of this model will provide an opportunity for cost-effective, acceptable, accessible, and holistic health care that better meets the needs of the community.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed2000

Work-based learning as a means of developing and assessing nursing competence.

Work-Based Learning is the bringing together of self-knowledge, expertise at work and formal knowledge. It takes a structured and learner-managed approach to maximizing opportunities for learning and professional development in the workplace. The development and assessment of nursing competence can be facilitated through Work-Based Learning, although this may require pedagogic and structural changes within nurse education. There are a number of conditions which must accompany effective participative learning, and these are discussed in the paper in relation to examples of nursing programmes. This method of learning and assessment has potential to bridge the gap between theory and practice, and as such it can only be achieved through commitment and partnership between the individual practitioner, clinical services and universities.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2001

Fit for purpose: does specialist community nurse education prepare nurses for practice?

This paper sets out to explore the experience of newly qualified community nurses, one year on in practice, and to establish if the specialist course prepares them for the reality of practice. It presents a piece of action research evaluating the education process for community nurses through a series of cycles of self-reflection which lead to recommendations for both policy and curriculum changes. Our findings show that community nurses are very positive about their new roles and their work with clients and patients, that they are able to use their newly acquired analytical skills in their practice, but felt inadequately prepared for the reality of practice. Our most significant finding was the lack of preparation for the world of work, the pressure of work and the pace of activity in the health service. As curriculum planners we realized that the course fell short in preparing for actual practice. As a result, changes to the course are underway and in partnership with local health trusts we have set up a support programme for newly qualified community nurses. Our work in community nurse education builds upon the findings from the Peach Report (1999), which only looked at pre-registration nursing and midwifery education.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Answering the call for quality nursing care and patient safety: a new model for nursing education.

Current discussion on the need to dramatically change nursing education and practice is based on clear concerns about the changing nature of healthcare. The increasingly complex healthcare system of our nation provides sophisticated interventions yet concerns about quality persist. A new model of education and practice is proposed and this model is being implemented through a groundbreaking partnership to prepare a master's educated, entry-level, generalist nursing clinician to lead and guide care at the point of care. The competencies associated with this new clinician are discussed and future implications for evaluation and monitoring are shared.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The BRIDGE project: bridging the gap between university and schools. Being Responsive to Individual Differences in General Education.

BRIDGE (Being Responsive to Individual Differences in General Education) is a partnership between university faculty and two elementary schools, focusing on the collaborative practices and programs in general and special education. University faculty have adopted new roles as facilitators, rather than "experts," in working side by side with teachers seeking to increase their sense of professional efficacy. Teachers at the two sites collaborate with university faculty and each other in acquiring new information and practices within four initiative areas. The four initiatives, designed generally to support professional development toward meeting the needs of struggling students, are (a) collaboration between special and general education, (b) family liaisons, (c) teacher research, and (d) teacher education. University student teachers at these two schools receive their clinical education in settings ripe with teacher inquiry, collaboration, and ongoing development of new and creative strategies.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed2004

The ethics of personal integrity in leadership and mentorship: a nursing theoretical perspective.

Mentorship has been rediscovered in the professional nursing literature. It is viewed as an integral relationship to be fostered between members of a discipline for the purpose of developing future nurse leaders. Inherent in the relationship are desired qualities or attributes that are to be taught and practiced by professional nurse leaders for the purpose of developing innovative institutional partnerships between healthcare agencies and schools of nursing. In this column, a unique definition of mentorship will be explicated from the human becoming school of thought. Ethical implications of the concept will be explored.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

Advancing practice by developing a primary care nursing programme.

The discussion of advanced practice in nursing is ongoing, yet the need for practice to advance and develop across the health economy is called for in much of the current literature and government policy. This article considers an educational intervention that set out to advance primary care nursing. The programme aimed to facilitated nurses to understand clients, families and carers in the community setting, to offer a high standard of care, to support specialist practitioner team leaders to work across community nursing disciplines and to make their own career development choices. Advancing practice in this novel primary care nursing programme required change management, collaboration, partnership, leadership and involvement of the staff nurses themselves.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2003

Impossible cases can be cured when all the factors are known: gender, psychiatry and Toronto's Juvenile Court, 1912-1930.

Mental health professionals intent on leaving their mark on juvenile justice and committed to behaviour modification forged a partnership with Toronto's Juvenile Court during the 1920s. However, the routine practice of the court did not allow for intensive investigation of juvenile offenders or for careful study of the causes of delinquency. Conferences started in 1925 by W. E. Blatz bridged this gap by offering a number of advantages that could not be realized under the court's busy routine. Taking charge of a limited number of offenders permitted psychiatrists to more thoroughly examine special cases such as recidivists, intensely debate treatment strategies, more carefully supervise individual cases, and test their theories about the causes of juvenile crime. Conference case files reveal that psychiatrically informed strategies of regulation were a novel way to respond to deviance and that gender-specific understandings of, and strategies for, appropriate conduct also served to reproduce prevailing ideals for working-class boys and girls. With clear ideas about appropriate conduct for girls and boys, mental health professional attempted to create such standards in the delinquents whose cases appeared before them.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Victory for partnership.

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Community Health Nursing↗

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