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Results for “PLASTER CASTS”

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At least 1,801 records · Page 100Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Pilot study: data-capturing consistency of two trans-tibial casting concepts, using a manikin stump model: a comparison between the hands-on PTB and hands-off ICECAST compact concepts.

The quality of fit of a trans-tibial patellar tendon bearing (PTB) socket may be influenced by consistency in casting, rectification or alignment. For this study two distinctive different data-capturing concepts were tested in relation to prosthetist performance. The hands-on PTB and hands-off ICECAST compact concept were studied and compared for inter- and intra-prosthetist consistency using a specially designed manikin stump model. A purpose designed digitiser was used to scan a selected surface area of the produced models, 5 for each concept, 10 in total. The extent of casting consistency at each of 936 locations per plaster model was calculated and the level of consistency was quantified. This study has shown that by using the manikin model there is a clear indication that the investigated hands-off concept produces more consistent results than the hands-on concept.

Amputation Stumps↗
PubMed1991

Need the thumb be immobilised in scaphoid fractures? A randomised prospective trial.

Immobilisation of the thumb is widely believed to be important in the management of fractures of the carpal scaphoid. To assess the need for this, we randomly allocated 392 fresh fractures for treatment by either a forearm gauntlet (Colles') cast, leaving the thumb free, or by a conventional 'scaphoid' plaster incorporating the thumb as far as its interphalangeal joint. In the 292 fractures which were followed for six months, the incidence of nonunion was independent of the type of cast used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effect of steam sterilization on the properties of set dental gypsum models.

The aim of this study was to investigate the viability of autoclave sterilization of set dental gypsum models. The effects of autoclaving on the strength, surface hardness and dimensions of specimens of plaster, stone and diestone were investigated. In addition, sodium succinate was used to minimize any changes produced by autoclaving. It has been shown that dental gypsum casts can be successfully steam sterilized. The results showed that for fully-dried gypsum products, autoclaving at 132 degrees C for 5 minutes rendered the casts unacceptable for use. Autoclaving at 121 degrees C for 16 minutes had less effect although casts were still not satisfactory, with the main problems being excessive expansion for plaster and significant strength and surface hardness loss for stone and diestone. The effect of three additional treatment procedures was examined and the least degradation was observed when the casts were soaked in 1 per cent sodium succinate solution and dried prior to autoclaving, then soaked in water immediately after. Using this procedure the average change in properties for plaster, stone and diestone respectively were: loss of strength 36, 21 and 28 per cent, loss of surface hardness 34, 21 and 33 per cent, and linear expansion 0.05, 0.09 and 0.13 per cent. Further refinement may improve the procedure.

Calcium Sulfate↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of three impression techniques for osseointegrated oral implants.

The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to determine the accuracy of gypsum casts produced from impressions made with polyether, polyether and impression plaster, or polyether and acrylic resin for the fabrication of osseointegrated implant prostheses. Strain gauges were attached to a master framework to determine the passivity of fit of the framework to sample casts made by the three impression techniques. Strain values were statistically compared by one way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. A statistically significant difference was found between the three impression techniques tested (p < 0.05). The results of this investigation revealed that none of the impression techniques resulted in an absolutely passive framework fit. However, of the techniques tested, the polyether alone resulted in the closest duplication of the master cast.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on the accuracy of the castings. (Part 10) On the effects of starting time of the heat to phosphate bonded investment mold (author's transl)].

Properties of phosphate bonded investments are superior than that of plaster bonded investments in mechanical properties, expansional values for compensating to the casting shrinkage of alloys, and refractory resistance. Therefore, phosphate bonded investments have been available to casting for high fusing alloys. But, their properties are varied easily by manipulating. In this report, two commercial products of Cerami Gold (Whip--Mix Corp.) and Ceravest (G--C Dental Industrial Corp.) were used. They were studied on setting expansion, thermal expansion, compressive strength, change of pH value caused by setting reaction, decrement of weight, casting accuracy and roughness of castings in process of time. Results were follows; 1. The weight decrement of investment mold were about 1.5% on Cerami Gold and 3.5% on Ceravest at 24 hours after the mold had been prepared. 2. pH value of Cerami Gold investment mold changed to 8.5 from 7.0 at 5 hours after mixing, but that of Ceravest investment mold changed to 9.0 from 7.0 at 3 hours. 3. The setting expansion of Cerami Gold investment was caused about 0.9% at 3 hours and that of Ceravest investment was about 0.3% at 1 hour ater mixing. Since then, they were to be constant. 4. The thermal expansion of Cerami Gold investment was decreased by elapsed time until 3 hours after mixing, and then since passing at 5 hours, they were increased. But, that of Ceravest investment was decreased in process of time. 5. The compressive strength of both investments were increased as long as elapsed time after setting. Heating at 800 degrees C in the oven, it was 100--110 Kg/cm2 regardless of time on Ceravest investment, and other was 170 kg/cm2 which was increased until passing 5 hours. 6. The roughness of castings surface were similar to the mold surface and they were H3 12--16 microns which were decreased as elapsed time after investment was mixed. 7. Accurate castings were produced by the mold heated after 24 hours, using with Cerami Gold investment. On the Ceravest investment, it was 30 minutes of 5 hours after mixing.

Dental Casting Investment↗
PubMed1994

[Use of a semi-elastic synthetic cast in functional treatment of fresh injuries].

Functional treatment of injured joints is increasing since the introduction of semi-rigid plaster. Injuries to the ligaments of the ankle joint, ruptured Achilles tendon, but also other joints with injured ligaments are suitable for this therapy. We report about our experience of 120 treated ligamental injuries of the ankle joint, treated in a conservative way with semi-rigid plasters.

Bandages↗
PubMed1987

Mechanical assessment of polyurethane impregnated fibreglass bandages for splinting.

The introduction of polyurethane (PU) resin impregnated fibreglass bandages is likely to have a significant effect on modern orthopaedic practice. The manufacturers of these products claim many improved properties compared to plaster of Paris bandages, such as , high strength to weight ratio, rapid setting time and high radiolucency. This paper reports on a series of mechanical tests designed to assess the strength, flexibility, working time and wear properties of the current range of fibreglass bandages and to compare them with plaster of Paris bandages. The results have clearly demonstrated that the fibreglass bandages are mechanically superior and offer numerous advantages over plaster of Paris for use as the definitive casting material for both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing casts.

Bandages↗
PubMed1998

Management of comminuted fractures of the distal radius in the adult. Conservative or surgical?

Displaced fractures of the distal radius are difficult to treat successfully by traditional nonoperative methods. The goal in the management of these fractures is to achieve extraarticular alignment and an articular step off of less than 2 mm. Cast immobilization has been supplemented with pins and plaster technique and external fixators. Percutaneous are limited open reduction techniques, combined with wrist arthroscopy, have been shown to be useful in the management of intraarticular distal radius fractures. Despite these advances, there are still a significant number of fractures in which the articular surface cannot be reconstructed without open reduction and internal fixation. The main objective is to restore articular integrity as perfectly as possible. Attention to meticulous surgical technique will facilitate good results. When articular restoration cannot be accomplished, early arthrodesis or arthroplasty should be indicated. In the absence of osteoarthritis, intraarticular osteotomy can be used for intraarticular malunions with a step off greater than 2 mm. Radius malalignment usually requires a dorsal opening wedge osteotomy, insertion of a corticocancellous graft, and a dorsal buttress plate. Early recognition and treatment of distal radioulnar joint injuries associated with fractures of the distal radius are paramount to reduce the incidence of painful sequelae and functional deficits.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A comparison of the mechanical properties of fiberglass cast materials and their clinical relevance.

The mechanical properties of five synthetic fiberglass casting materials were evaluated and compared with the properties of plaster of Paris. Two of the tests were designed to bear clinical relevance and the third to determine intrinsic material properties. The effect of water on strength degradation was also evaluated. It was found that the synthetics as a group are far superior to plaster of Paris in all methods of testing and that, among the synthetics, KCast Tack Free, Deltalite "S", and KCast Improved were the stronger materials. Clinically, the most important results are that the synthetics attain their relatively high strength in a much shorter time frame than does plaster of Paris, and retain 70-90% of their strength after being immersed in water and allowed to dry.

Calcium Sulfate↗

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