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At least 1,801 records · Page 100Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Reproducibility of the Dutch version of the Voice Handicap Index.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reproducibility of the Dutch translation of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) by performing a test-retest study. To determine the relationship between the test-retest differences and the VHI scores. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A group of 104 patients (56 male, 48 female) with voice complaints completed the VHI twice with a mean interval of 13 days. RESULTS: There were no differences in scores between male and female patients. There was a good correlation between the first and the second measurement (r=0.95). The difference between two VHI scores of any one patient and the total score were not related. We found that a 14-point difference in total score of the Dutch VHI for 1 patient at two points in time is significant. CONCLUSION: The Dutch version of the VHI has a good reproducibility. When used for clinical evaluation studies of patients with voice complaints, a difference of 14 points between two measurements is significant.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis from thyroid aspirates. Is the cytopathologist handicapped if not fully informed about the patient?

OBJECTIVE: When fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) of the thyroid is performed as a first-line test, the cytopathologist cannot be fully informed about the patient's data. The authors investigated whether this decreases the accuracy of FNA and results in consequences for the patient. STUDY DESIGN: FNA smears of 202 patients, 190 with benign and 12 with malignant thyroid disease, were reevaluated, supplying the cytopathologist first with only information from the case history known already at the initial admission, and subsequently with full data. RESULTS: The FNA diagnoses were corrected in 13 cases; in 8/13 they showed a more serious finding. The therapeutic modality was changed in only one case. No corrections were made in the ultimately malignant cases. CONCLUSION: In several cases the cytopathologist may be handicapped by receiving only partial information about the patient, but in our patients this had no demonstrable adverse consequences. Thus, FNA can be performed upon patient's admission.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1983

Hair copper and zinc concentrations in handicapped children treated with anticonvulsants.

Hair copper and zinc contents were measured in 95 handicapped children aged from 4 to 17 years and 48 age- and sex-matched control children. The patients consisted of 5 groups: children untreated with anticonvulsants (n = 7), those treated with phenytoin and phenobarbital (n = 32), those treated with phenytoin, phenobarbital and diazepam (n = 18), those treated with diazepam alone (n = 16) and those treated with phenobarbital alone (n = 12). The patients were all institutionalized in the same medical care unit and received the same diet, containing decreased amounts of copper (75% of control) and sufficient amounts of zinc. The patients belonging to all of the 5 groups had less amounts of hair copper (p less than 0.05) and erythrocyte hemoglobin (p less than 0.01) in comparison to controls. The patients receiving diazepam alone or in addition to other anticonvulsants had significantly less hair zinc content (p less than 0.05) in comparison to controls or other patient groups. Thus, diazepam seemed to have an adverse effect, producing zinc deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Psychodynamics of the young handicapped person.

Psychodynamics of personality and ego development are related to motor development. The body image concept, important for normal psychologic performance is often impaired by somatic or cerebral defects. Adolescents are particularly depressed by loss of self-esteem and thwarting of future career goals. Sexuality is an important consideration for the handicapped.

Body Image↗
PubMed1979

Character disorders in traumatized and handicapped children.

Character disorders in children may arise from abuse or neglect by the family or from stresses of the broader social environment. Physically handicapped and mentally retarded children have innate disabilities that predispose them to problematic interaction with their surroundings. Early professional multidisciplinary intervention can often avert future psychopathy.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1988

Pedagogical handicap associated with micropenis and other CHARGE syndrome anomalies of embryogenesis: four 46, XY cases reared as girls.

Genital hypoplasia (micropenis) and CNS impairments are among multiple anomalies of embryogenesis that are found in association in a syndrome for which the acronym CHARGE has recently been coined. The CNS anomalies are either peripheral or central or both. Their various manifestations are impaired hearing and vision; impaired motor performance and visual-motor coordination; IQ deficit either overall or specific to verbal reasoning or praxic reasoning; and social ineptitude consequent on impaired social maturation. These various impairments constitute a pedagogical handicap which, even though of major severity, is not refractory to clinical treatment and educational therapy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2004

Translation of the dizziness handicap inventory into Chinese, validation of it, and evaluation of the quality of life of patients with chronic dizziness.

The aims of this study were 1) to translate the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) into Chinese and to validate it and 2) to use the Chinese DHI and the Chinese (Hong Kong) Short Form-36 Health Survey (Chinese [HK] SF-36) to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic dizziness. Seventy-one patients with 6 months of dizziness due to vestibular dysfunction were evaluated initially, 7 days later (n = 49), and after 7 months of medical treatment (n = 17). The Chinese DHI has been shown to retain good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient range, 0.64 to 0.87) and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient > 0.7) as compared to the original DHI and has a moderate responsiveness (0.54). We find the Chinese DHI to be a valid tool for evaluation of QoL of Chinese patients with dizziness. Low mean scores on the Chinese DHI and Chinese (HK) SF-36 signify that chronic dizziness has a considerable impact on the QoL of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Conversion between systems of hearing handicap measurement: an empirically determined computational procedure.

Audiograms collected from 821 individuals were used to determine the interrelationships among five systems of determining hearing handicap based upon pure-tone thresholds. These were the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, the British Association of Otolaryngologists and the British Society of Audiology, the American Medical Association, the industrial, and the full-range averages. A high degree of correlation (average r = .981) was found among the various indices. Using the regressions between all possible pairs of indices, we constructed a table that allows conversion between the various systems involving only very simple computation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Adoption planning for handicapped children. A medical-social work partnership.

Major changes are taking place in the field of adoption. Once concerned primarily with the placement of newborn infants, the field has broadened, with a major emphasis on the adoption of older children, often from foster care and many times with major handicaps or problems. These children require special families who are willing to adopt them. They require the services of skilled social workers to effectively place them, and they require understanding of the physician who may be involved either with their placement examination or with their subsequent management as an adoptee. A new objective approach to the problem is necessary.

Adoption↗
PubMed1983

A pediatric approach to visual handicap.

When dealing with a visually handicapped child, the pediatrician's responsibility is considerable. He or she plays a key role in establishing the pathologic diagnosis and in coordinating the subsequent medical therapy and genetic counseling if required. These responsibilities also include providing emotional support to the family, and advice regarding the various medical, developmental, and educational decisions that the family will face in the future. Basic knowledge regarding the effects of visual deprivation on the development of the child, and the use of appropriate compensatory stimuli utilizing the other sensory modalities, will be of great value as the pediatrician accompanies the patient through the trials that await him or her and the family.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Transition and other services for handicapped students in local education agencies.

A survey was conducted among special education administrators in 1,450 local education agencies (LEAs) nationwide, to determine the availability of vocational programs and transition-oriented services for handicapped youth. Results showed that most LEAs offer at least some vocational programs; transition-oriented services as not as frequently available, particularly in smaller LEAs. In addition to size of LEA, community employment opportunities and the availability of adult services were related to whether an LEA offered any transition-related services.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1989

Review of comparative studies in the instruction of students with moderate and severe handicaps.

Systematic instructional strategies that investigators have used with students who display moderate to severe handicaps were identified and defined. The investigations which directly compared two or more strategies were analyzed, and summary statements/recommendations about the relative effectiveness and efficiency of the strategies were made. Analyzing the effectiveness of the procedures involved determining which strategies successfully taught skills to subjects. The efficiency of the strategies was analyzed on measures which indicated the skills were taught in a productive and timely manner (i.e., trials to criterion, sessions to criterion, errors to criterion, direct instruction time). Recommendations for future research and practice include (a) conduct more studies comparing the effectiveness and efficiency of instructional strategies, (b) conduct investigations of the specific variables of single strategies to identify the most efficient use of each procedure, (c) expand the efficiency measures to assess whether students learn information not directly targeted for instruction, and (d) conduct research to determine which strategy is best to use with given types of students and skills.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Six postschool case studies of mildly learning handicapped young adults.

Participant observation was conducted for 1 year with six mildly learning handicapped young adults following their graduation from high school. Close attention was paid to the ways in which they managed the transition out of school and into more adult roles. During this year, all six floundered from job to job, class to class, and school to school. They expressed discontent and frustration with their present situation. They were at a loss to plan for the future and maintained an unrealistic appraisal of their skills. Their sense of self waxed and waned in keeping with their prospects, and the patience and frustration of family members vacillated as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ethnic differences in expressions of shame feeling by mothers of severely handicapped children.

Shame on the part of parents of mentally handicapped children has pronounced effects on child-rearing practices. The aim of this study was to compare expressions of shame of different ethnic groups in Israel. The attitudes of 23 Western mothers and 26 Eastern mothers towards their moderately and severely retarded children were studied. Significant differences (p less than 0.05-p less than 0.01) were found, suggesting that the Eastern mothers strongly expressed their shame, whereas the Western mothers 'felt ashamed' to express it at all. The Western mothers felt that the social norms that reject feelings of shame and their own personal feelings of embarrassment were in conflict.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

Teaching social studies to high school students with academic handicaps in a mainstreamed setting: effects of a computerized study guide.

This research investigated the effectiveness of a computerized study guide, in comparison to a notetaking condition, as a method to increase textbook comprehension among students with learning disabilities and remedial education pupils enrolled in a ninth-grade world geography class. Results indicated that the computerized study guide produced significantly higher performance than notetaking for both groups of students. There was no significant difference in the performance of the two groups within treatments. Several practical issues concerning the implementation of computerized study guides in secondary programs serving students with academic handicaps are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Employment outcomes and social integration of students with mild handicaps: the quality of life two years after high school.

The employment outcomes and social adjustment of mildly handicapped students were examined in a sample of 65 randomly selected youths who exited high school in 1984. Personal and telephone interviews were conducted to obtain current employment data such as income, employment and training history, and use of community and social services in securing employment. Postschool social adjustment data included marital status, place of residence, types and frequency of social activities, friendship patterns, and satisfaction with social life. Seventy-eight percent of the respondents were employed. The majority worked on a full-time basis for minimum wage or better, were satisfied with their jobs, and relied on a self-family-friend network to secure employment. The majority of respondents were single, resided at home, and engaged in a variety of social activities on a regular basis. When the employment and social activity variables were combined, it was found that over 60% of the respondents were employed and held positive perceptions of their social life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

An examination of the reading performance of students with mild educational handicaps or learning disabilities.

Reading performance is a primary concern in both regular and special education. Reading is also the dominant medium through which educators conduct lessons, or students acquire information in subjects such as science and mathematics. Reading performance can be measured in a variety of ways. The present study examined the performance of students with mild educational handicaps (n = 28) or learning disabilities (n = 38) on a combination of norm-referenced and curriculum-based assessment (CBA) approaches that used science content. Overall, there were no significant differences between the samples on measures of word recognition, but significant differences favoring students with learning disabilities did occur in comprehension.

Achievement↗

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