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At least 1,801 records · Page 100Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Secondary prevention of low-back pain. A clinical trial.

A clinical trial, aimed at secondary prevention of low-back pain, was performed in 142 hospital employees reporting at least three annual episodes of this condition. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a calisthenics program (CAL) for 3 months with biweekly sessions of flexion exercises, a back school program (5 sessions), and a control group. The effectiveness of the two intervention programs was evaluated over a 1-year period. Baseline preintervention data and evaluation at the end of 3 months of intervention and after an additional 6 months were collected. A monthly surveillance for the whole year showed a mean of 4.5 "painful months" in the CAL group versus 7.3 and 7.4 months in the back school and control groups, respectively (P less than 0.0001). The superiority of the CAL group was achieved partly because of the significant increase in trunk forward flexion and to initial increment in abdominal muscle strength. The increased trunk flexion was associated with the rate of participation in the CAL sessions. Further research is needed to answer the question of "intensity versus type of exercise" by comparing different intervention programs, with similar intensity.

Back Pain↗
PubMed2003

Trampoline injuries.

As the popularity of trampolines has increased during the past 10 years, so has the number of injuries sustained using them. Whether there is an actual increase in the risk associated with the use of a trampoline for the same number of exposure hours is not known. The marked increase in emergency room visits related to trampoline injuries might reflect only the increased number of trampolines now available for recreational use or the creative manner in which they are being used. The complex factors related to trampolines, their use, and the possible injuries will be discussed. A liberal use of Internet references will be used because this is where much of the advertising and information available to the public regarding trampolines currently is disseminated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Adverse events in pediatric ketamine sedations with or without morphine pretreatment.

OBJECTIVE: To assess outcomes between 2 groups of patients receiving ketamine for procedural sedations in our pediatric emergency department. Our hypothesis is that there is no difference in the number of adverse events in ketamine sedations with and without morphine pretreatment. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all ketamine sedation records over 15 months. The number and types of adverse events between patients with and without morphine pretreatment were examined. The numbers of adverse events in each group were compared using a z test. We also examined the possible influence of midazolam coadministration. P values were calculated using Pearson chi2 or Fisher exact tests. RESULTS: A set of 858 sedations were reviewed. Age, weight, and medication dosages were similar in each group. Twenty-one adverse events were recorded in the group of patients without morphine pretreatment. There were 13 adverse events in the group with morphine pretreatment. No significant differences were found for the number or types of events. There was no difference in the frequency of midazolam coadministration, Pearson chi2, P = 0.994, nor for the number of adverse events in each group, Fisher exact test, P = 0.465. The mean time from morphine administration to procedural sedation was 114.7 minutes. One adverse event occurred in the 15-minute or less time interval. CONCLUSIONS: We found no increase in the number of adverse events with morphine pretreatment in ketamine sedations for children. Prospective studies to validate these findings, including an effect of timing of analgesia administration, are warranted.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structuring movement experiences for pre-school children.

It is proposed that a conceptual framework should be used as a basis for the provision of movement experiences for young children. Developmental levels and classifications of movement are considered in order to structure environments that provide suitable opportunities for self-initiated movement for pre-school children.

Affect↗
PubMed1975

Psychosomatic rehabilitation of elderly persons.

The psychosomatic rehabilitation of the elderly is an important task from both social and economic viewpoints. For psychic rehabilitation, moderate activity and the playing of games (such as chess, dominoes or cards) are recommended. Based on experiences with a group of 50 persons of the 70-90 age group., bridge playing is an especially desirable form of recreation. For somatic rehabilitation, physical exercise is a valuable aid, based on experiences with 338 partially disabled patients of the 51-81plus age group

Aged↗
PubMed2005

The effect of an individualized fall prevention program on fall risk and falls in older people: a randomized, controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether an individualized falls prevention program comprising exercise, visual, and counseling interventions can reduce physiological falls risk and falls in older people. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled trial of 12 months' duration. SETTING: Falls Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred twenty people aged 75 and older recruited from a health insurance company membership database. INTERVENTIONS: Participants in the extensive intervention group (EIG) received individualized interventions comprising exercise and strategies for maximizing vision and sensation; the minimal intervention group (MIG) received brief advice; and the control group (CG) received no intervention. MEASUREMENTS: Accidental falls, vision, postural sway, coordinated stability, reaction time, lower limb muscle strength, sit-to-stand performance, and physiological profile assessment (PPA) falls risk scores. RESULTS: At the 6-month follow-up, PPA falls risk scores were significantly lower in the EIG than in the CG. EIG subjects assigned to the extensive exercise intervention group showed significant improvements in tests of knee flexion strength and sit-to-stand times but no improvements in balance. EIG subjects assigned to the extensive visual intervention group showed significant improvements in tests of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. The rate of falls and injurious falls within the trial period were similar in the three groups. CONCLUSION: The individualized intervention program reduced some falls risk factors but did not prevent falls. The lack of an effect on falls may reflect insufficient targeting of the intervention to an at-risk group.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1998

Sports injuries in school-aged children. A study of traumatologic and socioeconomic outcome.

In this Danish study we attempted to identify the socioeconomic consequences of sports injuries in children. A total of 1320 children, 650 boys and 670 girls, aged 6-17, completed questionnaires covering the period from the injury to recovery. The incidence rate was 74 per 1000 per year. The hospitalization rate was 4.1%. Due to the injury 37.2% of the children were absent from school for an average of 1.2 days (range 0-60 days), resulting in 1598 days' absence from school. Most of the children were injured during training (34.7%) or competition (22.6%). The other injuries occurred during recreational sporting activities (32.0%) or at school (10.7%). Fifty-four percent were absent from training or games, on average 6.0 times (range 0-99), with a total loss of 7897 training sessions. Fifteen percent of the parents were absent from work, on average for 2.2 days. Two hundred and nineteen children were absent from an after-school job, for an average of 8.6 days. The total loss was 1896 working days. The study shows that the socioeconomic consequences of sports injuries in children are a complex consisting of different parts and that the injuries had a substantial impact on the functional and social status of the children and their families.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1983

Improvement after training of children with exercise-induced asthma.

Fifty children with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) volunteered to take part in a study of the influence of training on EIA. 1) Ten children did not change physical activity. 2) Twelve children trained after premedication with salbutamol inhalations. 3) Thirteen children trained after premedication with disodium chromoglicate (DSCG) and used that drug for treatment. 4) Fifteen children trained in their own regimen, commonly after premedication with salbutamol. Their training programme (groups 2-3) consisted of high load exercise periods of two minutes interrupted by intervals of rest for two minutes during 30 minutes followed by interval swimming for another 30 minutes, twice a week for 3-4 months. Before the training period the degree of EIA was tested with a battery of lung function tests before and after running for 6 minutes on a treadmill at heart rate 170. EIA after training was measured applying the same procedure. Cardiocirculatory performance was evaluated before and after training with work on a cycle ergometer and expressed as W/kg body weight at heart rate 170. The children in groups 2, 3 and 4 improved their physical working capacity by 11% (p less than 0.01), 21% and 11%, respectively, but no improvement was found in group 1. Significant improvements in EIA after the training periods were found in all training groups, but basal asthma improved most in group 3, probably due to the basal treatment with DSCG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of physical training on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

A 6-week period of physical training of 28 asthmatic children reduced the exercise-induced percentage fall in peak expiratory flow (from baseline) from 44 +/- 4% (mean +/- SE) to 30 +/- 4%. Resting pulmonary function was unchanged. Resting and maximum heart rate (submaximal treadmill running) and postexercise plasma lactate were all lowered by training. The individual values for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and postexercise plasma lactate correlated positively before and after training. Furthermore, the training-induced reduction in these parameters correlated. In 14 asthmatic children, who served as controls, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and physical fitness remained unchanged during a comparable period. The study demonstrates a beneficial effect of endurance training on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and working capacity.

Asthma↗
PubMed1992

The effect of 7 to 8 months of vitamin/mineral supplementation on the vitamin and mineral status of athletes.

Blood indicators of eight vitamins (B1, B2, B6, C, E, A, B12, folate) and six minerals (Cu, Mg, Zn, Ca, P, Al) were measured in 86 athletes before and after a 7- to 8-month period of training. During this period half consumed a multivitamin/mineral supplement and a matched group took a placebo. Following the supplementation period, blood biochemical indicators of B1, B6, B12, and folate status all increased but there were no significant effects of supplementation on B2, C, E, and A, or on the blood levels of any of the minerals. The supplementation had no effect on red or white cell counts or on hemoglobin levels. Irrespective of the supplementation, some blood measures varied according to sex, females evidencing significantly higher values than males for vitamins C, E, copper, magnesium, and aluminium, with B2 being higher in males. It is concluded that 7 to 8 months of multivitamin/mineral supplementation increased the blood nutritional status of some vitamins but did not affect any blood mineral levels, and that some blood nutritional indicators may vary according to sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Working with young athletes: views of a nutritionist on the sports medicine team.

Athletes are influenced by coaches, other athletes, media, parents, the national sport governing body, members of the sports medicine team, and the athlete's own desire for success. It is impossible, therefore, for one member of the sports medicine team to unilaterally determine workable solutions that enhance performance and diminish health problems in an athlete. A focus on ensuring that the athlete can perform to the best of her ability is a key to encouraging discussion between the nutritionist, athlete, and coach. Using the assumption that health and top athletic performance are compatible, this focus on performance provides a discussion point that all parties can agree to and, if approached properly, also fulfills the nutritionist's goal of achieving optimal nutritional status. Membership on the sports medicine team mandates that the nutritionist know the paradigms and health risks associated with the sport and develop assessment and feedback procedures specific to the athlete's needs.

Adolescent↗

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