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At least 1,801 records · Page 100Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

A chronic cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis case from Turkey.

Histoplasmosis, a disease endemic to North America, is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. To the best of our knowledge, the chronic cavitary pulmonary histoplasmosis patient described here presents the first case in which the fungus was isolated from sputum culture in Turkey.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Surgery of infectious endocarditis].

Thirty to fifty percent of patients with infective endocarditis are operated on during the active phase of the disease; this percentage is higher in case of some valvular localizations (aortic), in case of early prosthetic valve endocarditis, in case of some microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, gram-negative, fungus, intracellular microorganism). Operative death (at 30 days) is below 10% in native valve endocarditis, close to 50% in early prosthetic valve endocarditis, and below 20% in late prosthetic valve endocarditis. When active infective disease has been healed by medical treatment alone, half the patients need surgery in the first 2 years of follow-up; the indications for surgery are the functional status, the degree of valvular leaks and other lesions, the degree of ventricular dilatation.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed2003

Molecular and physiological characterization of Italian isolates of Pyrenochaeta lycopersici.

Corky root of tomato caused by Pyrenochaeta lycopersici is a disease of concern in Italy and for many tomato growing areas in the world. Isolates of the fungus were characterized at both the physiological and molecular level. The optimal in vitro growth temperature for all isolates was 23 degrees C. All Italian isolates of P. lycopersici showed similar RAPD and esterase banding patterns. No relevant polymorphisms were detected after enzymatic digestion of PCR-amplified ITS and IGS regions. The overall results indicate a low degree of genetic variability within a collection of 43 Italian isolates. These data are of interest in breeding programs for resistance against corky root of tomato and they provide useful information for the development of molecular diagnostic tools for the rapid identification and detection of P. lycopersici.

DNA, Fungal↗
PubMed2000

Blastomycosis: organ involvement and etiologic diagnosis. A review of 123 patients from Mississippi.

Blastomycosis can only be diagnosed through the identification of the yeasts of Blastomyces dermatitidis in body fluids, tissues, or cultured material. The charts from 123 patients treated for blastomycosis at the University of Mississippi Medical Center from January 1980 through May 2000 were reviewed to determine the role of wet preparation, cytology, histology, and culture in diagnosing this fungal disease. Cytology uncovered the etiologic agent in 56.1% of all cases and in 71.8% of pulmonary cases. Cytology also was the first method to disclose the fungus in 57.7% of pulmonary cases. Sputum was the cytology specimen examined in 51% of the patients. In 69 patients with lung involvement, pulmonary cytology was positive in 97% of cases. Wet preparation was the second method to most commonly uncover the fungus in 37.4% of all cases. Histology was the third method with 32.5% of positive cases. Cultures were positive in 64.2% of all cases but they were the first to detect the fungus in only 3.2% of all patients. There was pulmonary involvement in 87% of patients, cutaneous involvement in 20%, osseous involvement in 15%, and central nervous involvement in 3%. In the medical literature the relative proportion of pulmonary versus disseminated disease clearly increased in series reported after 1959. Proportionally to the pattern of patients admitted to the University of Mississippi Medical Center, there is a clear predominance of black males among patients with blastomycosis followed by black females. White females constitute the sex/ethnic group least affected by this fungal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Genetic and physical analysis of a YAC contig spanning the fungal disease resistance locus Asc of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).

The Alternaria stem canker disease of tomato is caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici (AAL). The fungus produces AAL toxins that kill the plant tissue. Resistance to the fungus segregates as a single locus, called Asc, and has been genetically mapped on chromosome 3 of tomato. We describe here the establishment of a 1383-kb YAC contig covering the Asc locus and a series of plants selected for recombination events around the Asc locus. It was shown that the YAC contig corresponds to a genetic distance of at least 11.2 cM. Thus, the recombination rate in the Asc region is six times higher (123 kb/cM) than the average for the tomato genome. Furthermore, the Asc locus could be localised to a 91-kb fragment, thus paving the way for the cloning and identification of the Asc gene(s) by complementation.

Alternaria↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence, epidemiology and geographical distribution of Sporothrix schenckii infections in Gauteng, South Africa.

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous fungal infection caused by the traumatic implantation of the dimorphic, pathogenic fungus, Sporothrix schenkii. It constitutes the most common subcutaneous fungal infection in the general population in South Africa. Sporotrichosis in South Africa dates back to 1914, when the disease was first diagnosed in the gold mines. Occupational and recreational circumstances of infection are well established, and the environmental requirements for contracting the disease are better understood. Sporotrichosis cases were recorded from 42 suburbs in the greater Pretoria area as well as from 23 towns outside the Pretoria municipal boundary. It occurred in 154 patients with ages ranging from less than 1 year to 90 years old, with males predominating. Females in the area seemed to be at lesser risk, mainly becoming infected through gardening injuries, insect bites or other minor injuries due to outdoor activities. Exposure to possible sources of the fungus, either from recreational or occupational activities in males, was the main determining factor in acquiring the disease. The lymphocutaneous and localized forms of the disease were most often recorded. Our study indicates that, while there is no pronounced seasonal variation, the onset of the disease seemed to be mainly in the cooler and dryer months of the year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Onychomycosis in graft versus host disease.

Graft versus host disease is associated with a myriad of cutaneous signs and few nail manifestations. A case of documented chronic graft versus host disease with the initial cutaneous presentation of white superficial onychomycosis is presented. The patient developed a lichenoid eruption in an unusual distribution and a reticulated hyperpigmentation of the face. Culture of the nails was positive for Trichophyton rubrum, an uncommon cause of white superficial onychomycosis, this being the third known reported case. Histopathologic examination revealed fungal elements in the superficial nail plate with an absence of fungus in the ventral aspect of the nail plate. A summary of cutaneous skin and nail manifestations in graft versus host disease is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Phaeomycotic cyst (chromoblastomycosis) of the neck.

An unusual fungal infection of the neck caused by Phialophora verrucosa (chromoblastomycosis) is presented. The patient acquired this fungus by cutting his chin on a wooden floor. Surgical and medical therapy of this unusual disease is discussed.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2006

Cultivating conditions influence exopolysaccharide production by the edible Basidiomycete Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged culture.

Antrodia cinnamomea is a medicinal fungus that has been used in Taiwan as a traditional medicine for the treatment of tumorigenic diseases. We prove that controlling the culturing conditions (i.e., temperature and pH) and modifying the composition of the medium (i.e., carbon, nitrogen, mineral sources and vitamins) can dramatically enhance the production of the exopolysaccharide of A. cinnamomea. We have found that the temperature, initial pH, and agitation time are all critical for exopolysaccharide production during the cultivation of A. cinnamomea in submerged cultures; our optimized conditions were 28 degrees C, pH 5.5, and 14 days, respectively. In addition, when optimizing the effects of additional nutrition, we found that 5% (v/v) glucose, 0.5% (v/v) calcium nitrate, 0.1% (v/v) ferrous sulfate, and 0.1% (v/v) nicotinic acid led to the greatest production of exopolysaccharides; the exopolysaccharide production, mycelial biomass and specific product yield reached 0.49 g/l, 2.60 g/l and 0.19 g/g, respectively. The results indicate that nutrients can be utilized to improve the production of exopolysaccharide and that good mycelial growth does not seem to be a determining factor for a high production yield of exopolysaccharide in A. cinnamomea.

Biomass↗

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